Development and validation of analytical methods for dietary supplements.

Abstract:

:The expanding use of innovative botanical ingredients in dietary supplements and foods has resulted in a flurry of research aimed at the development and validation of analytical methods for accurate measurement of active ingredients. The pressing need for these methods is being met through an expansive collaborative initiative involving industry, government, and analytical organizations. This effort has resulted in the validation of several important assays as well as important advances in the method engineering procedures which have improved the efficiency of the process. The initiative has also allowed researchers to hurdle many of the barricades that have hindered accurate analysis such as the lack of reference standards and comparative data. As the availability for nutraceutical products continues to increase these methods will provide consumers and regulators with the scientific information needed to assure safety and dependable labeling.

journal_name

Toxicology

journal_title

Toxicology

authors

Sullivan D,Crowley R

doi

10.1016/j.tox.2005.12.020

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-04-03 00:00:00

pages

28-34

issue

1

eissn

0300-483X

issn

1879-3185

pii

S0300-483X(06)00036-9

journal_volume

221

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Methylmercury exposure causes a persistent inhibition of myogenin expression and C2C12 myoblast differentiation.

    abstract::Methylmercury (MeHg) is a ubiquitous environmental toxicant, best known for its selective targeting of the developing nervous system. MeHg exposure has been shown to cause motor deficits such as impaired gait and coordination, muscle weakness, and muscle atrophy, which have been associated with disruption of motor neu...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.11.002

    authors: Prince LM,Rand MD

    更新日期:2018-01-15 00:00:00

  • Cyanide-induced lipid peroxidation in different organs: subcellular distribution and hydroperoxide generation in neuronal cells.

    abstract::To evaluate hydroperoxide generation as a potential mechanism of cyanide neurotoxicity, mice were treated with KCN (7 mg/kg, subcutaneously (s.c.)) and the level of lipid peroxidation (expressed as conjugated dienes) was measured later in various organs. Brain showed elevated conjugated diene levels after cyanide but ...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90221-6

    authors: Ardelt BK,Borowitz JL,Maduh EU,Swain SL,Isom GE

    更新日期:1994-04-18 00:00:00

  • Enantiomer-specific, bifenthrin-induced apoptosis mediated by MAPK signalling pathway in Hep G2 cells.

    abstract::Enantioselectivity in toxicology, and health risk of chiral xenobiotics have become important topics at the forefront of chemistry and toxicology research. Our previous results showed that cis-bifenthrin (cis-BF) induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human amnion epithelial (FL) cells, in an enantioselective manner...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.05.002

    authors: Liu H,Xu L,Zhao M,Liu W,Zhang C,Zhou S

    更新日期:2009-07-10 00:00:00

  • An epigrammatic (abridged) recounting of the myriad tales of astonishing deeds and dire consequences pertaining to nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in mitochondria with an ancillary missive concerning the origins of apoptosis.

    abstract::Mitochondria play a central role in the life and death of cells. These organelles serve as the major energy-producing power-house, whereby the generation of ATP is associated with the utilization of molecular oxygen. A significant fraction (2-3%) of molecular oxygen consumed by mitochondria may be reduced in a one-ele...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.11.027

    authors: Heck DE,Kagan VE,Shvedova AA,Laskin JD

    更新日期:2005-03-15 00:00:00

  • A perspective on the progression of immunotoxicology.

    abstract::Immunotoxicology originated in the early 1970s, when scientists began investigating chemicals. During the 1970s and early 1980s, a few investigators determined that chemicals were immunotoxic, developed and/or refined immunoassays, and began to characterize immunotoxic responses. In the 1980s, many new investigators e...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(00)00434-0

    authors: Koller LD

    更新日期:2001-03-07 00:00:00

  • The value of relative organ weights.

    abstract::It is accepted practice in presenting organ weight data to express the results relative to the animal's body weight. The data presented suggest that in rats no benefits are obtained from this method either in reducing the variability of the data or in removing bias due to different body weights. By using simulated dat...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(76)90050-0

    authors: Stevens MT

    更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00

  • Selenium and lead: mutual detoxifying effects.

    abstract::Antagonistic toxic effects of selenium and lead were studied in growing rats. Chronic lead intoxication was produced by cutaneous application of lead naphthenate solution (80-200 mg Pb/kg body weight) for a period of 8 weeks and chronic selenium intoxication was induced by giving 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 15 ppm selenium in d...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(76)90041-x

    authors: Rastogi SC,Clausen J,Srivastava KC

    更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00

  • Up-regulation of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and complement 3A receptor by the trichothecenes deoxynivalenol and satratoxin G.

    abstract::The trichothecenes are a group of mycotoxins that target leukocytes and have a wide range of immunomodulatory effects. Differential display analysis was applied to assess the effects of the trichothecenes deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin, DON) and satratoxin G (SG), on mRNA in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Cells were i...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00605-4

    authors: Chung YJ,Yang GH,Islam Z,Pestka JJ

    更新日期:2003-04-15 00:00:00

  • Calculations and measurements on the volatility of N-nitrosamines and their aqueous solutions.

    abstract::The vapour pressures of 30 N-nitrosamines between 0 and 40 degrees C are calculated by means of well-known and experimentally proven formulae. The saturation concentration of the nitrosamines in air is presented as mmHg, ppm and mg/m3. For N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and N-nitrosopyrrol...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(82)90093-2

    authors: Klein RG

    更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00

  • Analytical challenges for conducting rapid metabolism characterization for QIVIVE.

    abstract::For quantitative in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) of metabolism for the purposes of toxicokinetics prediction, a precise and robust analytical technique for identifying and measuring a chemical and its metabolites is an absolute prerequisite. Currently, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) is a tool of cho...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.08.010

    authors: Tolonen A,Pelkonen O

    更新日期:2015-06-05 00:00:00

  • Effects of triethyl lead administration on the expression of glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes and quinone reductase in rat kidney and liver.

    abstract::The effects of triethyl lead chloride (TEL) on the expression of two detoxication enzyme families, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (QR) were determined in rat liver and kidney. Fischer 344 rats were given one intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of TEL. GST activity, GST isoenzyme leve...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03555-x

    authors: Daggett DA,Nuwaysir EF,Nelson SA,Wright LS,Kornguth SE,Siegel FL

    更新日期:1997-02-14 00:00:00

  • Environmentally relevant mixing ratios in cumulative assessments: a study of the kinetics of pyrethroids and their ester cleavage metabolites in blood and brain; and the effect of a pyrethroid mixture on the motor activity of rats.

    abstract:UNLABELLED:National surveys of United States households and child care centers have demonstrated that pyrethroids are widely distributed in indoor habited dwellings and this suggests that co-exposure to multiple pyrethroids occurs in nonoccupational settings. The purpose of this research was to use an environmentally r...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.02.016

    authors: Starr JM,Graham SE,Ross DG,Tornero-Velez R,Scollon EJ,Devito MJ,Crofton KM,Wolansky MJ,Hughes MF

    更新日期:2014-06-05 00:00:00

  • Acute acrylonitrile exposure inhibits endogenous H2S biosynthesis in rat brain and liver: the role of CBS/3-MPST-H2S pathway in its astrocytic toxicity.

    abstract::Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as the third gasotransmitter molecule serves various biological regulatory roles in health and disease. Acrylonitrile (AN) is a common occupational toxicant and environmental pollutant, causing brain and liver damage in mammals. The biotransformation of AN is dependent-upon reduced glutathione (...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2021.152685

    authors: Yang B,Zhao W,Yin C,Bai Y,Wang S,Xing G,Li F,Bian J,Aschner M,Cai J,Shi H,Lu R

    更新日期:2021-01-21 00:00:00

  • Metabolic pathways of 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B): analysis of phase I metabolism with hepatocytes of six species including human.

    abstract::4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) is a psychoactive designer drug of abuse that is sold under the street names "Venus", "Bromo", "Erox", "XTC" or "Nexus". Concern has been raised because only little is known about its toxicity and metabolism in humans. In the present study we incubated 2C-B with human, monkey...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.07.004

    authors: Carmo H,Hengstler JG,de Boer D,Ringel M,Remião F,Carvalho F,Fernandes E,dos Reys LA,Oesch F,de Lourdes Bastos M

    更新日期:2005-01-05 00:00:00

  • Immune-related gene polymorphisms in pulmonary diseases.

    abstract::Between the DNA sequences of two randomly-selected human genomes, which consist of over 3 billion base pairs and twenty five thousand genes, there exists only 0.1% variation and 99.9% sequence identity. During the last couple of decades, extensive genome-wide studies have investigated the association between single-nu...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.020

    authors: Singh DP,Bagam P,Sahoo MK,Batra S

    更新日期:2017-05-15 00:00:00

  • Cytokine release does not improve the sensitivity and specificity of the direct popliteal lymph node assay.

    abstract::The popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA) is being considered as a tool to predict the potential of drugs for inducing systemic autoimmune and hypersensitivity reactions. Despite the use of different technical approaches and the evaluation of over 130 compounds, the sensitivity and specificity of the PLNA are still debata...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.010

    authors: Ravel G,Christ M,Horand F,Descotes J

    更新日期:2004-08-05 00:00:00

  • Metabolism and cytotoxic effects of T-2 toxin and its metabolites on human cells in primary culture.

    abstract::T-2 toxin belongs to the large group of trichothecene mycotoxins synthesized by various Fusarium molds which can infect raw agriculture materials. Among the trichothecenes, T-2 toxin is one of the most potent mycotoxins and poses a potential health risk in human nutrition. Several acute and chronic toxic effects were ...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.01.012

    authors: Königs M,Mulac D,Schwerdt G,Gekle M,Humpf HU

    更新日期:2009-04-28 00:00:00

  • Low level exposures to organophosphorus esters may cause neurotoxicity.

    abstract::A large number of published studies support the notion that long term, low level (LTLL) exposure to organophosphorus (OP) esters may cause neurological and neurobehavioral effects. In order to differentiate these from other effects of OP such as the acute cholinergic episodes, intermediate syndrome and organophosphate...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00447-x

    authors: Jamal GA,Hansen S,Julu PO

    更新日期:2002-12-27 00:00:00

  • Cumene hydroperoxide-mediated lipid peroxidation in rat alveolar macrophages following induction of phospholipidosis with chlorphentermine.

    abstract::Rats were treated for 4 weeks with chlorphentermine hydrochloride (30 mg/kg, i.p., 5 days/seek), a regimen which causes a profound phospholipidosis in the alveolar macrophages (AMs). The susceptibility of these lipid-laden cells to lipid peroxidation was examined and compared to AMs from control (untreated) rats. Lipi...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(80)90078-5

    authors: Reasor MJ

    更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00

  • Carcinogenicity of 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole, dibenz[a,j]acridine and benzo[a]pyrene in mouse skin and liver following topical application.

    abstract::N-Heterocyclic aromatics are by-products of incomplete combustion of organic material. The overall objective of this study was to determine the relative carcinogenic potencies of 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) and dibenz[a,j]acridine (DBA) in a bioassay of complete carcinogenicity on mouse skin in a sensitive strain (...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90074-4

    authors: Warshawsky D,Barkley W,Miller ML,LaDow K,Andringa A

    更新日期:1994-11-11 00:00:00

  • Sciatic nerve neuropathy target esterase. Methods of assay, proximo-distal distribution and regeneration.

    abstract::Some organophosphorus compounds (OP) induce a delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP) which is initiated by the phosphorylation of the so-called neuropathy target esterase (NTE). In this work some aspects of hen sciatic nerve NTE are studied. The assay method is reported and modifications are discussed and a combined method pr...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(88)90181-3

    authors: Barril JB,Vilanova E,Pellin MC

    更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00

  • Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide nephrotoxicity: temporal aspects of BSO administration and BSO effects on renal transport systems.

    abstract::The agricultural fungicide, N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide (NDPS) induces acute polyuric renal failure which is attenuated by pretreatment with the glutathione depletors, diethyl maleate or buthionine sulfoximine (BSO). In the present study, the temporal aspects of BSO attenuation of NDPS nephrotoxicity were invest...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03581-0

    authors: Rankin GO,Beers KW,Teets VJ,Nicoll DW,Anestis DK

    更新日期:1997-02-28 00:00:00

  • Insulin or increased concentration of zinc in liver, kidney or muscle does not alter the phosphoglucomutase activity in vivo.

    abstract::Injection of insulin into mice and rabbit has been reported to convert the latent form of phosphoglucomutase (E X Zn) to an active form (E X Mg) without any net increase in the protein associated with this enzyme (Hashimoto et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 27 (1967) 369 and Peck et al., J. Biol. Chem. 242 (1971...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(85)90050-2

    authors: Fleming J,Miller H,Joshi JG

    更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00

  • Toxicological studies on cefuroxime sodium.

    abstract::The intravenous LD50 of cefuroxime sodium for mice was 10.4 g/kg. The maximum dosage administered in other acute toxicity tests was well tolerated by mice (10 g/kg, subcutaneous), by rats (4 g/kg, intravenous, 5 g/kg, subcutaneous) and by cats, dogs and monkeys (2 g/kg, intramuscularly). Cefuroxime sodium was administ...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(79)80003-7

    authors: Capel-Edwards K,Atkinson RM,Pratt DA

    更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00

  • Non-linear dose-response of aluminium hydroxide adjuvant particles: Selective low dose neurotoxicity.

    abstract::Aluminium (Al) oxyhydroxide (Alhydrogel®), the main adjuvant licensed for human and animal vaccines, consists of primary nanoparticles that spontaneously agglomerate. Concerns about its safety emerged following recognition of its unexpectedly long-lasting biopersistence within immune cells in some individuals, and rep...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.11.018

    authors: Crépeaux G,Eidi H,David MO,Baba-Amer Y,Tzavara E,Giros B,Authier FJ,Exley C,Shaw CA,Cadusseau J,Gherardi RK

    更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00

  • Effects of inhaled cholinesterase inhibitors on bronchial tonus and on plasma and erythrocyte acetylcholine esterase activity in rats.

    abstract::Young adult male and female Wistar rats were inhalationally exposed head-only for 1 or 4 h to different anticholinesterase aerosols. The compounds tested were dichlorvos, fenamiphos, methamidophos, parathion, a pyrimidine thiophosphate and the carbamate propoxur. These compounds are direct or indirect inhibitors of ch...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0300-483x(87)90126-0

    authors: Pauluhn J,Machemer L,Kimmerle G

    更新日期:1987-10-30 00:00:00

  • Ultrafine titanium dioxide particles in the absence of photoactivation can induce oxidative damage to human bronchial epithelial cells.

    abstract::Ultrafine titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) particles have been shown to exhibit strong cytotoxicity when exposed to UVA radiation, but are regarded as a biocompatible material in the absence of photoactivation. In contrast to this concept, the present results indicate that anatase-sized (10 and 20 nm) TiO(2) particles in the...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.05.007

    authors: Gurr JR,Wang AS,Chen CH,Jan KY

    更新日期:2005-09-15 00:00:00

  • Role of oxidative stress and DNA hydroxymethylation in the neurotoxicity of fine particulate matter.

    abstract::Epidemiological studies have implicated fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the influences of different components remain largely elusive. Here, we extended our previous work to investigate th...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.01.017

    authors: Wei H,Feng Y,Liang F,Cheng W,Wu X,Zhou R,Wang Y

    更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00

  • Protective effects of thiopronin against isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

    abstract::Isoniazid is a widely used drug for the treatment of tuberculosis, but hepatotoxicity is a major concern during treatment. Thiopronin contains an SH-group and is generally considered an antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of thiopronin during liver injury and DNA damage induced by ...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.08.006

    authors: Yue J,Dong G,He C,Chen J,Liu Y,Peng R

    更新日期:2009-10-29 00:00:00

  • Engineering epithelial-stromal interactions in vitro for toxicology assessment.

    abstract::Crosstalk between epithelial and stromal cells drives the morphogenesis of ectodermal organs during development and promotes normal mature adult epithelial tissue homeostasis. Epithelial-stromal interactions (ESIs) have historically been examined using mammalian models and ex vivo tissue recombination. Although these ...

    journal_title:Toxicology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.007

    authors: Belair DG,Abbott BD

    更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00