Abstract:
:This review deals with some of our contributions to the use of chemotaxis, as a tool in evaluating effects of industrial xenobiotics on PMN, either in vitro or ex vivo. In vitro experiments have shown that lead, arsenic, styrene and 2,5-hexanedione, a major neurotoxicant metabolite of n-hexane, reduce chemotaxis. The most important results of ex vivo experiments have confirmed those obtained in vitro with styrene and 2,5-hexanedione: a significant reduction of chemotaxis was indeed observed in PMN harvested from workers exposed to low levels of n-hexane or styrene who did not show any sign of biochemical or clinical alteration. After 3 weeks under non-exposed conditions, the chemotactic indexes were markedly increased in most of the workers which were exposed to styrene and in all the workers exposed to n-hexane, all of whom have shown a reduced chemotaxis at the first blood sampling. Moreover chemotaxis was found to be significantly reduced at relative low levels of lead: results of the in vitro and ex vivo experiments show a comparable ranking of midpoint inhibition concentrations. We are only at the dawn of the understanding of the relation between occupational xenobiotics and PMN chemotaxis. This research area is still promising for the future, since PMN chemotaxis seems to be adequate and it must therefore enter in well-defined study protocols for investigating the potential immunotoxicity of occupational chemicals to which humans are exposed at low levels.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Governa M,Valentino M,Visonà Idoi
10.1016/0300-483x(94)90142-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-07-01 00:00:00pages
165-77issue
2eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
0300-483X(94)90142-2journal_volume
91pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract::The teratogenicity of antiepilepsy drug valproic acid (VPA) mostly is found in genetic and somatic levels, causing teratogenesis involving neurotubular defects (NTDs), anencephaly, lumbosacral meningomyelocele, and leg dysfunction due to spina bifida aperta. A diversity of nutraceutics have been tried to alleviate the...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.10.015
更新日期:2012-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Fenvalerate is a widely used synthetic pyrethroid insecticide and is reported to disrupt reproductive function in humans and animals. However, little is known about its influence on follicular development. In this study, rat preantral follicles were primary cultured to investigate the effects of fenvalerate on follicu...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.10.022
更新日期:2010-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::The attempts to use nitroxide free radicals and nitrone spin traps topically in skin requires analysis of their potential cutaneous adverse effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the skin irritation and sensitizing potential of nitroxides and nitrones in the guinea pig. The following unsubstituted nit...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(97)00183-2
更新日期:1998-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::Consumption of edible oils contaminated with Argemone mexicana seed oil is known to cause various clinical manifestations. In the present study, the effect of dietary intake of argemone oil on histopathological changes, haematological indices and selected marker parameters of toxicity was investigated to observe the e...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(89)90142-x
更新日期:1989-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that selenium is highly toxic to several species of mammals. Here we report the potential neurotoxicity of diselenides, as measured by the manifestation of seizures. The modulation of various neurotransmitter systems potentially involved in seizure episodes and death was also evaluated. The results of...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00423-7
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were exposed to 1.5 +/- 0.1 mg ozone/m3 for 4 days and the activities of glucose-6-P dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) were measured in the cytosolic fraction of lungs from exposed and control rats. Enzyme activities were also measured in isolated alveolar macrop...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(85)90083-6
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to assess whether microwave-induced DNA damage is basal or it is also generated through reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. After having irradiated Wistar rats with 915MHz microwave radiation, we assessed different DNA alterations in peripheral leukocytes using standard and formamidopyri...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.02.008
更新日期:2009-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Quartz is a well-known occupational fibrogenic agent able to cause fibrosis and other severe pulmonary diseases such as silicosis and lung cancer. The silicotic pathology owes its severity to the structural and chemo-physical properties of the particles such as shape, size and abundance of surface radicals. In earlier...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.07.001
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The reproductive toxicity of vanadium was studied in mice. Male Swiss mice were exposed to sodium metavanadate at doses of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg per day given in the drinking water for 64 days. To evaluate the fertility of the vanadium-treated animals, males were mated with untreated females for 4 days. A signif...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(93)90181-q
更新日期:1993-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::It is accepted practice in presenting organ weight data to express the results relative to the animal's body weight. The data presented suggest that in rats no benefits are obtained from this method either in reducing the variability of the data or in removing bias due to different body weights. By using simulated dat...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(76)90050-0
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a psychoactive component of marijuana, is known to exert cytotoxicity in immune cells. In the present study, we examined the cytotoxicity of Δ⁸-THC in mouse macrophage J774-1 cells and a possible involvement of cannabinoid receptors and stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinases (M...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.10.007
更新日期:2013-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Indomethacin (IMC) has been shown to reduce post-operative inflammation and to decrease intraocular irritation after cataract extraction and in cystoid macular edema; however, the clinical use of its most commonly used eye drops is limited due to topical side-effects that include burning sensation, irritation and epit...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.02.012
更新日期:2014-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Rats poisoned with one LD50 of thiopental or amytal are shown to increase oxygen consumption when intraperitoneally given sucinate, malate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, dimethylsuccinate or glutamate (the Krebs cycle intermediates or their precursors) but not when given glucose, pyruvate, acetate, benzoate or nicotin...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.05.005
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Korea has a great diversity in resources of medicinal plants. The traditional herbal medicines and their preparations have been widely used in Korea as well as in China and Japan for thousands of years. One of the characteristics of Korean herbal medicine preparations is that all the herbal medicines are incorporated ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00487-0
更新日期:2002-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::During the past decade, several assessments have estimated the carcinogenic risk of inhaled 1,3-butadiene (BD) to the general population as well as for occupational exposures. Although most of the risk assessments have been based on inhalation bioassays in mice, some of the assessments have included the 2-year inhalat...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(96)03447-6
更新日期:1996-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) results from exposure to the light-weight metal beryllium (Be). In vitro stimulation of bronchoalveolar lavage cells from CBD subjects causes the production of high levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-6. We tested the hypothesis that Be-stimulation might induce the production of TNF-a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(99)00182-1
更新日期:2000-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has previously been shown to protect against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity, but the mechanism of this effect was not clear. Treatment of mice with 1 mg/kg DMSO 4 h before 250 mg/kg APAP resulted in significantly less hepatotoxicity than with APAP alone, as measured by serum glut...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(88)90202-8
更新日期:1988-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial dysfunction with exposure to anthropogenic contaminants is a critical concern in biomedical and ecological health. Importantly, understanding the role of mitotoxicants in modulating organismal fitness and survival, particularly in the context of species' resilience to shifts in abiotic factors with clima...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.07.015
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitous presence of nanoparticles (NPs) together with increasing evidence linking them to negative health effects points towards the need to develop the understanding of mechanisms by which they exert toxic effects. This study was designed to investigate the role of surface area and oxidative stress in the cell...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.04.001
更新日期:2009-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperhomocysteinemia has been proposed as an important risk factor for cardiac arrhythmias and ischemia worldwide. However, the cellular mechanism underlying toxic effects of homocysteine on hearts remains conjectural. It is well known that aberrant sodium channels can promote the development of cardiac arrhythmias an...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2008.11.020
更新日期:2009-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Adriamycin (ADR), an anthracycline antibiotic, which is widely used as an antineoplastic drug in the treatment of various solid tumors, has been shown to induce genotoxicity in erythropoietic system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective efficacy of DL-alpha-lipoic acid (LA) on ADR-induced cla...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.02.015
更新日期:2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::No clinical data are available on the acute cutaneous toxicity of spin traps which are frequently used in combination with the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique for detection of free radicals and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute dermatotoxicity of the ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(00)00284-5
更新日期:2000-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Subacute exposure of male rats to various concentrations (70-1000 ppm) of dichloromethane (DCM) produces a selective reduction of dopamine (DA) levels without a change of DA turnover in certain types of forebrain DA nerve terminal systems. In the low concentration (70 ppm) a selective reduction of DA turnover was obse...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(84)90161-6
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardiovascular effects of trazodone, a broad-spectrum antidepressant and its analogue etoperidone, were compared with imipramine, following intravenous infusion in rats. Their effects on electrocardiogram and blood pressure were simultaneously recorded until cardiac arrest. Hypotension was the primary effect of tr...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(78)90065-3
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Troglitazone is a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent with insulin-sensitizing activities that was withdrawn from the market in 2000 due to its association with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. To address the suspected autoantibody production associated with troglitazone, we investigated autoantibodies in sera from pati...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.07.012
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clarification of the key regulatory steps that lead to nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) under cellular and pathological conditions is very important. The action of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) on the upstream of NF-kappaB activation remains controversial. To examine this issue using an in vivo lung in...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.04.053
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-DCE), an industrial solvent, proved to be moderately toxic when studied in small laboratory animals. In adult female rats brief (8 h) and prolonged (8 h daily, on 5 consecutive days a week, for more than 16 weeks) inhalation of 200 ppm--the current TLV/MAC in various countries--produced h...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(77)90059-2
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) is a multifunctional regulator of cell growth that has either a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, depending on TGF beta concentration and on cell type, history and culture conditions. Cadmium mimics some of the effects of TGF beta in cultured cells. In t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(92)90063-k
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of xenobiotic drugs and toxic compounds depend largely on their kinetic properties, which can be influenced by transmembrane drug transporters like MDR1/P-glycoprotein and the drug-conjugate transporters multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 1 and 2. As the dog is a preferential species used in the pharmacolo...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(00)00354-1
更新日期:2001-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common clinical phenomena observed in human newborns. To achieve effective therapeutic treatment, numerous studies have been done to determine the molecular mechanisms of bilirubin-induced neuronal excitotoxicity. However, there is no conclusive evidence for the involvement of glu...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.03.010
更新日期:2011-06-18 00:00:00