Evaluation of basal DNA damage and oxidative stress in Wistar rat leukocytes after exposure to microwave radiation.

abstract：:Oxybutynin hydrochloride, an anti-cholinergic/anti-spasmodic agent, was examined for its effect on fertility and peri-post natal development in the rat and its embryotoxic potential in the rat and rabbit. In the rat effects on reproductive performance included a slight increase in the incidence of foetal malformations...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Edwards JA,Reid YJ,Cozens DD

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intravenous toxicity of phytic acid (inositol hexakisphosphate, IHP) has recently become of interest because of the potential for IHP incorporation into red blood cells to achieve a therapeutically useful shift in the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve (Gersonde, K. and Nicolau, C., Blut, 39 (1979) 1). The obser...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gersonde K,Weiner M

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the production of polychlorinated biphenyl 77 (PCB77) has already been banned globally, PCB77 is still used for a wide range of commercial purposes. Previous evidence has demonstrated that the PCB77 administration should be responsible for the gut microbiota variations and the host health risk. However, the h...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chi Y,Wang H,Lin Y,Lu Y,Huang Q,Ye G,Dong S

更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This article traces the evolution of risk assessment as an essential analytical tool in the federal government. In many programs and agencies, decisions cannot be made without the benefit of information from risk assessment. Although this analytical tool influences important public health and economic decisions, there...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Graham JD

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)adipate (DEHA) have been compared in female F344 rats and female B6C3F1 mice fed diets containing 0-4.0% DEHA and 0-2.5% DEHA, respectively, for periods of 1, 4 and 13 weeks. In both the rat and mouse treatment with DEHA at all time points produced a dose-dependent increase in relative ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lake BG,Price RJ,Cunninghame ME,Walters DG

更新日期：1997-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:It is now well-recognized that human environmental exposures are not to single chemicals. Rather, humans are exposed, either concurrently or sequentially, to multiple chemicals. Challenges that chemical mixtures pose for risk assessment and toxicology are presented. Challenge areas include increasing the peer-reviewed...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Simmons JE

更新日期：1995-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The reproductive toxicity of vanadium was studied in mice. Male Swiss mice were exposed to sodium metavanadate at doses of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg per day given in the drinking water for 64 days. To evaluate the fertility of the vanadium-treated animals, males were mated with untreated females for 4 days. A signif...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Llobet JM,Colomina MT,Sirvent JJ,Domingo JL,Corbella J

更新日期：1993-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone to humans or animals may result in lung damage. Amiodarone is metabolized to desethylamiodarone and other minor metabolites. Because amiodarone and the metabolites accumulate in the lungs, it is not possible to ascertain the role of each of these compounds in the in...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ogle CL,Reasor MJ

更新日期：1990-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a commonly used diethylphosphorothionate organophosphorus (OP) insecticide. Diethylphosphate (DEP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) are products of both in vivo metabolism and environmental degradation of CPF and are routinely measured in urine as biomarkers of ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Busby-Hjerpe AL,Campbell JA,Smith JN,Lee S,Poet TS,Barr DB,Timchalk C

更新日期：2010-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Fischer 344 rats were exposed to filtered air (controls) or to 0.12, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm of ozone for 6 h/day, 5 days/week, for 20 months. We examined lung collagen deposition and metabolism in tissue from these animals to determine whether chronic exposure of rats to ozone causes pulmonary fibrosis. We observed excess st...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Last JA,Gelzleichter T,Harkema J,Parks WC,Mellick P

更新日期：1993-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat kidney slices were produced using a modified version of a mechanical tissue slicer. The slices were incubated with various concentrations of L-cysteine conjugates and mercapturic acids of halogenated alkenes in a submersion incubation system. The slices showed a time- and concentration-dependent toxicity to the ne...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Stijntjes GJ,Commandeur JN,te Koppele JM,McGuinness S,Gandolfi AJ,Vermeulen NP

更新日期：1993-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The usefulness of cDNA-directed expression of human hepatic P450s in yeast for the in vitro study of drug metabolism is emphasized. The major advantages of yeast expression are: (i) relatively high yields of heterologous P450 (approximately 5-10 nmol/l of culture medium) can be obtained; (ii) the expressed P450s are d...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Renaud JP,Peyronneau MA,Urban P,Truan G,Cullin C,Pompon D,Beaune P,Mansuy D

更新日期：1993-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution and excretion of radioactivity from [14C]citrinin (3 mg/kg, i.v) was determined in male rats. At 0.5 h after administration maximum values of 14.7% and 5.6% of total radioactivity were observed in the liver and kidneys, respectively, and by 6 h decreased to 7.5% in the liver and 4.7% in the kidney. Pl...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Phillips RD,Berndt WO,Hayes AW

更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) varies greatly within human populations in response to environmental risk agents. The mechanisms underlying differential susceptibility are still largely unknown and need to be clarified to improve HCC chemoprevention and therapeutic treatment. Inbred rodent strains...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Timofeeva OA,Eremeev AV,Goloshchapov A,Kalashnikova E,Ilnitskaya S,Setkov NA,Kobzev V,Buzard GS,Filipenko ML,Kaledin VI,Merkulova TI

更新日期：2008-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally believed that estrogen receptor-dependent and -independent pathways are involved in mediating the developmental effects of the synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbestrol (DES). However, the precise role and extent to which each pathway contributes to the resulting pathologies remains unknown. We have emplo...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Couse JF,Korach KS

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have reported that excessive nitric oxide (NO), like other reactive oxygen species (ROS), causes a decrease in cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) activity and ATP levels (mitochondrial damage) resulting in lens opacity. In addition, previous reports have shown that oxidative stress caused by ROS enhances amyloid β (Aβ) pro...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Nagai N,Ito Y,Shibata T,Kubo E,Sasaki H

更新日期：2017-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of cis-dichlorodiammine platinum II to cause chromosomal aberrations in rats and dominant lethality in mice was studied. Five daily intraperitoneal doses ranging from 0.25 to 2.00 mg/kg/day failed to result in the observance of dominant lethal mutations in mice. Intraperitoneal doses of 0.13 and 0.52 mg/kg...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Levine BS,Preache MM,Pergament E

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paraquat, a quarternary nitrogen herbicide, is a highly toxic compound for humans and animals and many cases of acute poisoning and death have been reported over the past few decades. The mechanisms of paraquat toxicity involve: the generation of the superoxide anion, which can lead to the formation of more toxic reac...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Suntres ZE

更新日期：2002-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In our experiments on acutely lead exposed rats we observed a marked increase (a 2-fold or 3-fold increase with 30 mg/kg or 60 mg/kg lead acetate, respectively) in [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate [( 3H]QNB) specific binding to muscarine receptors from striatum and cortex, without any change in receptor affinity. Muscarine...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Moingeon P,Bidart JM,Alberici GF,Boudène C,Bohuon C

更新日期：1984-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that the measurement of DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) may be of value in the assessment of an individual's exposure to specific environmental insults. For a biomarker to be reliable, its results should be consistent and specific. In the present study, the precision and specificity of the K(+)-SD...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Olin KL,Cherr GN,Rifkin E,Keen CL

更新日期：1996-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1975, in cooperation with 8 County Hygienic Stations, total mercury content in fish from rivers and lakes in Hungary was measured. The mercury content in fish muscle-tissue from 164 fish samples averaged 0.36 mg/kg. Average levels in different fish species ranged from 0.10 to 0.57 mg/kg. The amount of mercury in fi...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gergely A,Soós K,Erdélyi L,Cieleszky V

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquitous presence of nanoparticles (NPs) together with increasing evidence linking them to negative health effects points towards the need to develop the understanding of mechanisms by which they exert toxic effects. This study was designed to investigate the role of surface area and oxidative stress in the cell...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hussain S,Boland S,Baeza-Squiban A,Hamel R,Thomassen LC,Martens JA,Billon-Galland MA,Fleury-Feith J,Moisan F,Pairon JC,Marano F

更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxic oil syndrome (TOS), a multisystemic disease, that occurred in Spain in 1981, was caused by the ingestion of rapeseed oil denatured with 2% aniline. Due to the clinical course of the disease, immunopathological mechanisms have been suspected but a direct connection was never demonstrated. To analyse this poss...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gallardo S,del Pozo V,Cárdaba B,de Andrés B,Martín-Orozco E,Fernandez JC,Tramón P,Posada M,Abaitua I,Palomino P

更新日期：1994-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug hypersensitivity reactions are a daily worry for the clinicians, in particular anaphylactic reactions. The tools allowing a definite diagnosis are few and poorly validated. They include a thorough clinical history, standardized skin tests, reliable biological tests, and sometimes drug provocation tests. These too...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Demoly P

更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The overall purpose of this study was to investigate how airborne house dust particles may contribute to an allergic immune response, and thereby also to asthma and other respiratory symptoms. The following aims were set: first, to quantify and characterize indoor suspended particulate matter (SPM) with regard to amou...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ormstad H

更新日期：2000-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Daunomycin-induced cardiotoxicity has been regarded to be the result of oxygen-mediated lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the extent of lipid peroxidation in rat heart after administration of this anticancer drug and, further, to examine possible activation of some endog...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Papageorgiou G,Iliadis S,Botsoglou N,Dioudis C,Goulas A,Fletouris D,Dimitriadou-Vafiadou A

更新日期：1998-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:National and international law is an essential component of the array of measures serving to protect against the hostile release of biological or chemical agents, and to help to mitigate the consequences should such a release nevertheless take place. These includes the Geneva Protocol of 1925, the Chemical Weapons Con...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kenyon IR,Gutschmidt K,Cosivi O

更新日期：2005-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Male rats provided with a 5 or 15% (v/v) ethanol solution as the sole source of fluid consumed ethanol at a rate of 11.4 or 24.9% of total calories (4.2 or 8.3 g/kg daily). After ethanol consumption lasting 1, 2 and 3 weeks the hepatotoxicity of CCl4 (0.1 ml/kg i.p.) was elevated by determination of serum activities o...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Strubelt O,Obermeier F,Siegers CP,Vöpel M

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusarenon-X (FX), a trichothecene mycotoxin, is well known to be cytotoxic to mammalian cells. Our previous study revealed that FX induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes both in vivo and in vitro. We investigated the mode of apoptosis induced by FX using HL-60 cell culture. When FX at a final concentration of 0.5 micro...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Miura K,Aminova L,Murayama Y

更新日期：2002-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to investigate whether the mice treated with triptolide (TP) could disrupt the liver immune homeostasis, resulting in the inability of the liver to eliminate the harmful response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, we explored whether apoptosis and necroptosis played a cr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yuan Z,Zhang H,Hasnat M,Ding J,Chen X,Liang P,Sun L,Zhang L,Jiang Z

更新日期：2019-02-15 00:00:00