Abstract：
:Adult female F-344 rats were trained (avoidance rate > 70%) over four days with a coupled tone- (n = 10 rats/dose) or 2 ppm acetaldehyde-cued (n = 6 rats/dose) foot shock paradigm. Rats were gavaged with chloroform dissolved in corn oil for 5 days/week for 3 week at 0 or 400 (tone-cued) or 0, 34, 100, or 400 (odor-cued) mg/kg body weight/day. Tone-cued response was reevaluated 6, 16, and 38 days after the first chloroform dose (day 1). Olfaction was assessed on days 6-7, 20-21, and 41-42 using 2 or 0.0002 ppm acetaldehyde. Nasal histopathology (n = 4-5 rats/dose) was assessed on days 6, 20, and 42. Significantly decreased body weights were observed following a single 100 or 400 mg/kg chloroform dose. Body weights in the 400 mg/kg/day chloroform group remained depressed for 17 days. Histopathology revealed degenerative changes in olfactory mucosa and underlying ethmoid turbinate bones that were essentially identical in nature and severity, including dose-response and progression, to those reported previously for chloroform gavage (Larson et al., Food Chem. Toxicol., 1995;33:443 456). At all dose level and sacrifice timepoints, however, regions of morphologically normal olfactory mucosa were present, especially in dorsal medial and ventral lateral regions of the nose. Neither odor- nor tone-cued avoidance behaviors were affected, indicating that even fairly severe and extensive chloroform-induced olfactory mucosal degeneration is not associated with a detectable olfactory deficit in rats.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Dorman DC,Miller KL,D'Antonio A,James RA,Morgan KTdoi
10.1016/s0300-483x(97)00076-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-09-26 00:00:00pages
39-50issue
1-2eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
S0300-483X(97)00076-0journal_volume
122pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract：:The popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA) is being considered as a tool to predict the potential of drugs for inducing systemic autoimmune and hypersensitivity reactions. Despite the use of different technical approaches and the evaluation of over 130 compounds, the sensitivity and specificity of the PLNA are still debata...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.010
更新日期：2004-08-05 00:00:00
abstract：:An impaired gut-liver axis is a potential factor that contributes to alcoholic liver disease. Specifically, ethanol decreases intestinal integrity and causes gut dysbiosis. Butyrate, a fermentation byproduct of gut microbiota, is negatively altered following acute ethanol exposure. This study aimed to determine whethe...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2019.152338
更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:p-Chloro-m-cresol (PCMC) and p-chloro-m-xylenol (PCMX) are known to cause allergic contact dermatitis. For risk assessment of skin sensitizers, information on dose-response profiles in the induction and elicitation phases and cross-reactivity with analogous chemicals are important. In the non-radioactive local lymph-n...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00161-6
更新日期：2003-08-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Alkylfurans inflict toxicity in several mammalian species to lung, liver and kidney. Organ specificity of the alkylfurans is a sensitive function of the nature of the alkyl group. To determine if this toxicity requires an aromatic ring in the compound, we synthesized 4-methyl-2,3-dihydrofuran, 4-ethyl-2,3-dihydrofuran...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(90)90006-3
更新日期：1990-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:After i.v. injection of 0.33 mg nicotine/kg the elimination of unchanged nicotine as well as nicotine-N-oxide, cotinine, nornicotine and norcotinine was determined in the urine of pigs dependent on time. In female pigs 16.3% and in male pigs 25.9% of the applied nicotine were recovered in form of the mentioned compoun...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(76)90013-5
更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A major goal in modern pharmacotechnology is to increase the therapeutic index of drugs by using nanoparticulate vehicle systems in order to ensure slow release or targeted delivery of drugs. With all great benefits, however, these innovative therapies can carry a risk for acute immune toxicity manifested in hypersens...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2005.07.023
更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were designed to evaluate and compare metallothionein (MT), zinc and cadmium levels in human placentas of smoking and non-smoking women. Smoking was assessed by self-reported cigarette consumption and urine cotinine levels before delivery. Smoking pregnant women with urine cotinine levels higher than 130 n...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2004.11.016
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isoniazid is a widely used drug for the treatment of tuberculosis, but hepatotoxicity is a major concern during treatment. Thiopronin contains an SH-group and is generally considered an antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of thiopronin during liver injury and DNA damage induced by ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2009.08.006
更新日期：2009-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:A new methodology for estimating the probabilistic risk from acute toxic exposures is planned as a support tool for the Air Force at the Eastern and Western Ranges. Two such methodologies are programs entitled the Launch Area Toxic Analysis program (LATRA) and the Cold Spill Toxic Risk Analysis program (COSTRA). These...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(96)03380-x
更新日期：1996-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium being a potent immunotoxicant, affects both humoral and cell mediated immunity. However, its effect on spleen is not clearly understood. Hence, to delineate the action of Cd, mouse splenic lymphocytes were exposed to Cd (10, 25 and 50 microM) for 60 min, 1.5, 3, 6 and 18 h. At 6 h, apoptosis was reflected by D...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2005.11.027
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthetic pyrethroids are used as insecticides in agriculture and a variety of household applications worldwide. Pyrethroids are widely distributed in all environmental compartments and the general populations are exposed to pyrethroids through various routes. Pyrethroids have been identified as endocrine-disrupting c...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2020.152460
更新日期：2020-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the major mycotoxic contaminants of grains, which causes reduced weight gain in pigs. The cytotoxicity of DON to porcine hepatocytes was examined in this study. DON was added at the final concentration of 100, 10, 1, 0.1 or 0.01 microg/ml to the medium of primary cultured hepatocytes. Ce...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2004.07.001
更新日期：2004-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term exposure to pharmacological agents can select for cells that overexpress efflux transporters. We previously showed that mouse J774 macrophages cultivated for a prolonged period of time with toxic concentrations of the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin overexpress the efflux transporter Mrp4 and display a reduced...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2011.09.003
更新日期：2011-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the potential toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on hepatic and renal tissues. In this study, we investigated the modifications in endogenous antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage in liver and kidney of rats by exposure to one of the most persistent PBDE congeners, the 2,2',4,...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2010.03.006
更新日期：2010-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were done in vivo to determine the effect of oxygen at high pressure (OHP) on NAD+ and NADH in mouse brain cortex. A 7% decrease (N.S.) in NADH was found in brain cortex from mice exposed to 6 atm of 100% oxygen for 8 min, while a 20% decrease (P less than 0.01) in cortical NADH, when compared to controls,...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(82)90014-2
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arsenicals are known to induce ROS, which can lead to DNA damage, oxidative stress, and carcinogenesis. A human urothelial cell line, UROtsa, was used to study the effects of arsenicals on the human bladder. Arsenite [As(III)] and monomethylarsonous acid [MMA(III)] induce oxidative stress in UROtsa cells after exposur...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2008.05.018
更新日期：2008-08-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Crosstalk between epithelial and stromal cells drives the morphogenesis of ectodermal organs during development and promotes normal mature adult epithelial tissue homeostasis. Epithelial-stromal interactions (ESIs) have historically been examined using mammalian models and ex vivo tissue recombination. Although these ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.007
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present work includes a study on the glycosaminoglycanuric condition induced by adriamycin (ADR, a chemotherapeutic agent) and the accompanying secondary hyperlipidemia, wherein the treatment with a low-molecular-weight heparin-derivative (LMWH), certoparin, is evaluated for its protective role (if any) on these p...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2005.02.009
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A mixture of 55% tallow alkyl ethoxylate sulfate (TAE3S) and 45% of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) was fed to two generations of rats at dietary levels of 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0%. The rats were fed the surfactant mixture either continuously or during the organogenesis (days 6-15) period of six pregnancies. In addition,...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(75)90103-1
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antidotes against chemical warfare agents are "orphan drugs" given that these poisonings are rare. Therefore, they are of limited interest to the pharmaceutical industry. For this reason, and recognizing the increasing threat of terrorist or asymmetrical use of chemical warfare agents, the responsibility for research ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2006.07.008
更新日期：2007-04-20 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to investigate whether the mice treated with triptolide (TP) could disrupt the liver immune homeostasis, resulting in the inability of the liver to eliminate the harmful response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, we explored whether apoptosis and necroptosis played a cr...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2019.01.005
更新日期：2019-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:It is accepted practice in presenting organ weight data to express the results relative to the animal's body weight. The data presented suggest that in rats no benefits are obtained from this method either in reducing the variability of the data or in removing bias due to different body weights. By using simulated dat...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(76)90050-0
更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperhomocysteinemia has been proposed as an important risk factor for cardiac arrhythmias and ischemia worldwide. However, the cellular mechanism underlying toxic effects of homocysteine on hearts remains conjectural. It is well known that aberrant sodium channels can promote the development of cardiac arrhythmias an...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2008.11.020
更新日期：2009-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：:This study evaluated a single intradermal injection model in the guinea pig with subsequent inhalation challenge and serological analysis as a method to predict the potential of chemicals to induce respiratory allergy. Four known respiratory allergens (trimellitic anhydride, diphenyl methane diisocyanate, phthalic anh...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(94)03007-o
更新日期：1995-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The histogenesis of coumarin-induced cholangiofibrosis in the rat has been determined. Proliferation of ductal structures was preceded by extensive damage to hepatocytes in the centrilobular region. Focal proliferation of ducts and fibrous tissue was present at 3 months and typical areas of cholangiofibrosis at 6 mont...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(89)90187-x
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Short term exposure of cultured chick ganglia nerve fibers and neuroglia to selenite produced half maximal inhibitory growth effects in concentrations of 6.2 (2.9--13.0) X 10(-5) M and 1.1 (0.7--1.7) X 10(-4) M, respectively. Complete inhibition of growth for both cell types was apparent at 1 X 10(-3) M, while slight ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(78)90041-0
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possible juvenilizing effects of Dimilin and Altosid against larvae of Culex pipiens L. were studied. Apart from delayed lethal action, possible effect on the mean number of basal follicles developed per female has been considered. A baseline exposure was found which caused only low mortalities of the early 4th la...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(81)90137-2
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the clinical setting, antidotes are generally administered after the occurrence of a drug overdose. Therefore, the most pertinent evaluation of any new agent should model human exposure. This study tested whether acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity was reversed when S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) was administered a...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2007.10.027
更新日期：2008-02-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibition of regulated exocytosis by botulinum toxins type A and B was studied in chromaffin cells. Both virtually abolished catecholamine release triggered from intact cells by depolarising stimuli, whereas the blockade by type A, but not B, was only partial after cell permeabilisation and direct stimulation of exoc...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00453-5
更新日期：2002-12-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vivo effects of sodium cyanide and its antidotes, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate and 4-dimethylaminophenol (DMAP), as well as the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent phentolamine, on rat brain cytochrome oxidase were studied. The course of inhibition was time-dependent and a peak of 40% was attained between 15 ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(92)90018-a
更新日期：1992-11-22 00:00:00
