Abstract:
:A 6.2-kb region of DNA corresponding to complementation groups II and III of the Erwinia amylovora hrp gene cluster was analyzed. Transposon mutagenesis indicated that the two complementation groups are required for secretion of harpin, an elicitor of the hypersensitive reaction. The sequence of the region revealed 10 open reading frames in two putative transcription units: hrpA, hrpB, hrcJ, hrpD, and hrpE in the hrpA operon (group III) and hrpF, hrpG, hrcC, hrpT, and hrpV in the hrpC operon (group II). From promoter regions of the hrpA, hrpC, and hrpN operons, sequences similar to those of the HrpL-dependent promoters of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars were identified with a consensus sequence of 5'-GGAAC-N17-18-CACTNAA-3'. The protein products of seven genes, hrpA, hrcJ, hrpE, hrpF, hrpG, hrcC, and hrpV, were visualized with a T7 polymerase/promoter expression system. HrcC, HrcJ, and HrpT sequences contained potential signal peptides, and HrcC appeared to be envelope associated based on a TnphoA translational fusion. Comparison of deduced amino acid sequences indicated that many of the proteins are homologous to proteins that function in the type III protein secretion pathway. HrcC is a member of the YscC-containing subgroup in the PulD/pIV superfamily of outer membrane proteins. HrcJ is a member of a lipoprotein family that includes YscJ of Yersinia spp., MxiJ of Shigella flexneri, and NolT of Rhizobim fredii. Additional similarities were detected between HrpB and YscI and between HrpE and YscL. HrcJ and HrpE were similar to flagellar biogenesis proteins FliF and FliH, respectively. In addition, HrpA, HrpB, HrcJ, HrpD, HrpE, HrpF, and HrcC showed various degrees of similarity to corresponding proteins of P. syringae. Comparison of hrp clusters with respect to gene organization and similarity of individual proteins confirms that the hrp systems of E. amylovora and P. syringae are closely related to each other and distinct from those of Ralstonia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum and Xanthomonas campestris. Possible implications of extensive similarities between the E. amylovora and P. syringae hrp systems in pathogenesis mechanisms are discussed.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Kim JF,Wei ZM,Beer SVdoi
10.1128/jb.179.5.1690-1697.1997subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-03-01 00:00:00pages
1690-7issue
5eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
179pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The conjugative plasmid pTR2030 has been used extensively to confer phage resistance in commercial Lactococcus starter cultures. The plasmid harbors a 16-kb region, flanked by insertion sequence (IS) elements, that encodes the restriction/modification system LlaI and carries an abortive infection gene, abiA. The AbiA ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00904-06
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phoB gene of Bacillus subtilis encodes an alkaline phosphatase (PhoB, formerly alkaline phosphatase III) that is expressed from separate promoters during phosphate deprivation in a PhoP-PhoR-dependent manner and at stage two of sporulation under phosphate-sufficient conditions independent of PhoP-PhoR. Isogenic st...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.187.15.5166-5178.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The well-known large catabolic potential of rhodococci is greatly facilitated by an impressive gene multiplicity. This study reports on the multiplicity of kshA, encoding the oxygenase component of 3-ketosteroid 9α-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in steroid catabolism. Five kshA homologues (kshA1 to kshA5) were previously i...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00274-11
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ureaplasma urealyticum cells were lysed by osmotic shock or by digitonin. The membrane fraction contained four to ten times as much protein as the cytoplasmic fraction. These values are in large excess of those reported for classical mycoplasmas, suggesting that the Ureaplasma membrane fraction was heavily contaminate...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.130.1.297-302.1977
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 unable to excise pyrimidine dimers from their deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) because of a uvr mutation show a higher survival when plated on a minimal salts medium after exposure to ultraviolet radiation than when plated on a complex medium such as nutrient agar containing yeast extract. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.102.2.404-410.1970
更新日期:1970-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under static growth conditions, hyperpiliated, nontwitching pilT and pilU mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa formed dense biofilms, showing that adhesion, not twitching motility, is necessary for biofilm initiation. Under flow conditions, the pilT mutant formed mushroom-like structures larger than those of the wild typ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.185.7.2374-2378.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A thermophilic, sporeforming bacterium has been isolated from soil on a medium containing acetate as a carbon source. This organism is similar to Bacillus stearothermophilus in most respects but differs in its inability to hydrolyze starch. Isocitrate lyase is present in cell-free extracts of organisms grown in a medi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.93.2.703-710.1967
更新日期:1967-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agrobacterium tumefaciens A281 induces large, rapidly appearing tumors on a variety of plants and has a wider host range than other strains of A. tumefaciens. By using Tn3HoHo1 transposon mutagenesis and complementation analysis, a 2.5-kilobase DNA fragment which is responsible for the supervirulence phenotype was ide...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.10.4417-4425.1987
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The replication order of markers was studied in Bacillus subtilis strains bearing the trpE26 mutation by the use of the density transfer technique. An important difference in this order was observed in comparison with that of strain 168 T-. All markers tested of a chromosome segment extending from trpD to ilvA replica...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.122.3.886-898.1975
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The conjugation system of the IncP alpha plasmid RK2/RP4 is encoded by transfer regions designated Tra1, Tra2, and Tra3. The Tra1 core region, cloned on plasmid pDG4 delta 22, consists of the origin of transfer (oriT) and 2.6 kilobases of flanking DNA providing IncP alpha plasmid-specific functions that allow pDG4 del...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.7.4100-4103.1989
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to restart broken DNA replication forks is essential across all domains of life. In Escherichia coli, the priA, priB, priC, and dnaT genes encode the replication restart proteins (RRPs) to accomplish this task. PriA plays a critical role in replication restart such that its absence reveals a dramatic pheno...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00267-17
更新日期:2017-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::The mobilizable Bacteroides element NBU2 (11 kbp) was found originally in two Bacteroides clinical isolates, Bacteroides fragilis ERL and B. thetaiotaomicron DOT. At first, NBU2 appeared to be very similar to another mobilizable Bacteroides element, NBU1, in a 2.5-kbp internal region, but further examination of the fu...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.182.12.3559-3571.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Competent cell-deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) interactions were examined using tritium-labeled homologous or heterologous native or denatured DNAs and competent Streptococcus sanguis Wicky cells (strain WE4). The DNAs used were extracted from WE4 cells, Escherichia coli B cells, and E. coli bacteriophages T2, T4, T6, and...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.142.2.568-580.1980
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, flagellar genes are regulated in a cascade headed by FleQ, an NtrC/NifA-type activator. FleQ and RpoN positively regulate expression of flhA, fliE, fliL, and fleSR genes, among others. Direct interaction of FleQ with flhA, fliE, fliL, and fleSR promoters was demonstrated by gel shift assay, ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.19.5251-5260.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive human intracellular pathogen that infects diverse mammalian cells. Upon invasion, L. monocytogenes secretes multiple virulence factors that target host cellular processes and promote infection. It has been presumed, but was not empirically established, that the Sec translocati...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00697-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The morphology of nucleoids and mesosomes of Bacillus subtilis in stationary-and lag-phase cultures was studied by making three-dimensional cell reconstructions in plastic of electron micrographs of serial sections. In cells from stationary cultures, the dormant nucleoids are frequently, but not always, spherical and ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.121.3.1189-1199.1975
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of recombination-deficient strains of Escherichia coli are composed of three classes of cells: (i) viable cells, which can undergo 20 or more generations, (ii) residually dividing cells, which can undergo fewer than 20 generations (probably an average of fewer than 6), and (iii) nondividing cells, which are i...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.118.1.242-249.1974
更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following conjugal transfer of the hsdK genes (hsdRK, hsdMK, and hsdSK) of Escherichia coli K-12, restriction activity was first detected only after approximately 15 generations, whereas modification activity was observed immediately. This sequential expression explains the establishment of hsdK genes in a nonmodified...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.15.4905-4906.1993
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Klebsiella aerogenes, arylsulfatase synthesis was repressed by inorganic sulfate, sulfite, sulfide, thiosulfate, and cysteine, but not by methionine under normal growth conditions. We isolated cysteine-requiring mutants (Cys minus), and mutants (AtsS minus, AtsR minus) in which the regulation of arylsulfatase synth...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.121.1.29-35.1975
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus thermophilus strain CNRZ 302 is unable to ferment galactose, neither that generated intracellularly by lactose hydrolysis nor the free sugar. Nevertheless, sequence analysis and complementation studies with Escherichia coli demonstrated that strain CNRZ 302 contained structurally intact genes for the Lel...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.183.4.1184-1194.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNP) plays a central role in RNA degradation, generating a pool of ribonucleoside diphosphates (rNDPs) that can be converted to deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates (dNDPs) by ribonucleotide reductase. We report here that spontaneous mutations resulting from replication errors, which are norm...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00962-12
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulation of K+ ions and glutamate plays a primary role in maintaining osmotic balance in Escherichia coli, as illustrated by the high concentrations of these ions present in cells growing in medium of high osmolality. We found that two gamma-glutamyl peptides and glutamine also accumulated during growth at high os...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.7.3631-3636.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The crtEF, bchCA, and puf operons of the facultative phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus encode gene products that are necessary for the formation of various components of the photosynthetic apparatus. The crtEF operon encodes two enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, the bchCA operon codes fo...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.4.1432-1443.1991
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from a Rhizobium phaseoli mutant, CE109, was isolated and compared with that of its wild-type parent, CE3. A previous report has shown that the mutant is defective in infection thread development, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis shows that it has an altered LP...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.11.4923-4928.1987
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene encoding the general stress transcription factor sigmaB in the gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes was isolated with degenerate PCR primers followed by inverse PCR amplification. Evidence for gene identification includes the following: (i) phylogenetic analyses of reported amino acid sequences for ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.180.14.3650-3656.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA binding proteins ArgR and AhrC are essential for regulation of arginine metabolism in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. A unique property of these regulators is that they form hexameric protein complexes, mediating repression of arginine biosynthetic pathways as well as activation of argini...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.186.4.1147-1157.2004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caulobacter is a distinctive genus of prosthecate bacteria. Because caulobacters adhere to surfaces and are found in diverse locales, their role in oligotrophic environments and bacterial biofilm communities is of interest. The phylogenetic relationships of a group of marine and freshwater caulobacters were examined i...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.174.7.2193-2198.1992
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Goldberg, Herbert S. (University of Missouri, Columbia), Ella M. Barnes, and Anthony B. Charles. Unusual Bacteroides-like organism. J. Bacteriol. 87:737-742. 1964.-An organism is described which appears to be a new species of gram-negative, anaerobic, nonsporulating rod. It was isolated from poultry caeca at levels of...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.87.3.737-742.1964
更新日期:1964-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dinitrogenase reductase-activating glycohydrolase (DRAG), involved in the regulation of nitrogenase activity in Rhodospirillum rubrum, is associated with chromatophore membranes in cell extracts. We show that DRAG can be specifically released by treatment with MgGDP; other nucleotides studied had no effect. The DRAG a...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.24.7872-7874.1997
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Woody-Karrer, Pearl (Palo Alto Medical Research Foundation, Palo Alto, Calif.) and Joseph Greenberg. Resistance and cross resistance of Escherichia coli S mutants to the radiomimetic agent nitrofurazone. J. Bacteriol. 85:1208-1216. 1963.-Cross-resistance relationships are described for 73 mutants of Escherichia coli s...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.85.6.1208-1216.1963
更新日期:1963-06-01 00:00:00