Abstract:
:Sexual transmission is the most frequent (86%) route of adult HIV-1 transmission worldwide. In the absence of a prophylactic anti-HIV vaccine, other methods of preventing infection should be implemented. Virucidal spermicides have been considered for this purpose, but their application is contraindicated by adverse effects. Anti-HIV drugs or virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are expensive, suggesting that their wide use in topical chemoprophylaxis is unlikely. This emphasizes the importance of developing other methods for preventing HIV transmission. The target cells for sexual and mucosal HIV transmission include T lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells. Therefore, compounds blocking HIV-CD4 binding are expected to inhibit virus transmission. In exploring the possibility that chemical modification of food proteins might lead to compounds with anti-HIV-1 activity, we found that bovine beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG) modified by 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride (3HP-beta-LG) (1) blocked at nanomolar concentrations the binding to CD4 of human (HIV) and simian (SIV) immunodeficiency virus surface glycoproteins and monoclonal antibodies specific for the HIV binding site on CD4 and (2) inhibited infection by HIV-1, including primary virus isolates, by HIV-2 and by SIV. The inexpensive and widely available source (whey) for production of 3HP-beta-LG suggests its potential application (nonparenteral) for diminishing the frequency of HIV transmission.
journal_name
Nat Medjournal_title
Nature medicineauthors
Neurath AR,Jiang S,Strick N,Lin K,Li YY,Debnath AKdoi
10.1038/nm0296-230subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-02-01 00:00:00pages
230-4issue
2eissn
1078-8956issn
1546-170Xjournal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE MEDICINE文献大全abstract::Excitotoxic neuronal damage caused by overactivation of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDARs) is thought to be a principal cause of neuronal loss after stroke and brain trauma. Here we report that activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) transcription factor in affected neurons i...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2064
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smallpox was eradicated without an adequate understanding of how vaccination induced protection. In response to possible bioterrorism with smallpox, the UK government vaccinated approximately 300 health care workers with vaccinia virus (VACV) strain Lister. Antibody responses were analyzed using ELISA for multiple sur...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm1457
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the integrin requirements of T-helper (T(H)) effector subsets, we investigated the contribution of CD18 (beta(2) integrin) to T(H)1 and T(H)2 function in vitro and in relevant disease models. CD18-deficient (Itgb2(-/-)) T cells showed largely normal in vitro function. Compared with wild-type mice, Itgb2(...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm932
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Together with recent advances in the processing and culture of human tissue, bioengineering, xenotransplantation and genome editing, Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) present a range of new opportunities for the study of human cancer. Here we discuss the main advantages and limitations of iPSC modeling, and how t...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.4238
更新日期:2016-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis, a leading cause of death worldwide, involves proinflammatory responses and inefficient bacterial clearance. Phagocytic cells play a crucial part in the prevention of sepsis by clearing bacteria through host innate receptors. Here we show that the FcRgamma adaptor, an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation mo...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm1665
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). A single recessive mutation, the deletion of phenylalanine 508 (deltaF508), causes severe CF and resides on 70% of mutant chromosomes. Severe CF is also caused by premature stop mutations, which are foun...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm0496-467
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 3A4 is an important mediator of drug catabolism that can be regulated by the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR). We show here that SXR also regulates drug efflux by activating expression of the gene MDR1, which encodes the protein P-glycoprotein (ABCB1). Paclitaxel (Taxol), a commonly used chemother...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/87912
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hallmark of Alzheimer disease is the accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide in the brain and its deposition as plaques. Mice transgenic for an amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) mini-gene driven by a platelet-derived (PD) growth factor promoter (PDAPP mice), which overexpress one of the disease-linked mutant forms...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/78682
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transplantation of xenogeneic hepatocytes would provide a novel therapy for liver disease and would help to solve the problem of an insufficient supply of donor organs. We have tested whether xenogeneic cells infused into the liver could correct the metabolic defect in the Watanable heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rab...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm0197-48
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0332-z
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The balance between detrimental, pro-aging, often stochastic processes and counteracting homeostatic mechanisms largely determines the progression of aging. There is substantial evidence suggesting that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is part of the latter system because it modulates the physiological processes under...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.4311
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It begins as a slowly expanding spot of light or similar visual disturbance, often accompanied by phantom noises and other sensory distortions. People who experience such 'auras' know all too well that these early warning signs will culminate in a head-splitting migraine, yet scientists have little idea what causes th...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 新闻
doi:10.1038/nm0913-1083
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a very common disorder with a substantial impact on public health because of its associated complications. Despite the high prevalence of essential hypertension and years of research, the basic causes remain obscure. Here I review recent advances in understanding the pathophysi...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nm.2541
更新日期:2011-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Bypass of stenotic coronary arteries with autologous saphenous vein is an established treatment for ischemic heart disease. However, its long-term clinical success is limited. Late vein graft failure is the result of medial and intimal thickening consequent upon medial vascular smooth muscle cell migration, proliferat...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm0298-235
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Restriction factors are host cell proteins that inhibit retroviral infection. A new study using mutants of human HIV-1 restriction factor SAMHD1 suggests that it inhibits infection through degradation of viral RNA rather than through its dNTPase activity as previously suggested. ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.3657
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0562-8
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adoptive transfer of T cells engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) (hereafter referred to as CAR-T cells) specific for the B lymphocyte antigen CD19 has shown impressive clinical responses in patients with refractory B cell malignancies. However, the therapeutic effects of CAR-T cells that target other...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.4478
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show that the fraction of proliferating CD4+ lymphocytes is similar in HIV-infected subjects in the early stage of disease and in HIV-negative subjects, whereas the fraction of proliferating CD8+ lymphocytes is increased 6.8-fold in HIV-infected subjects. After initiation of antiviral therapy, there is a late incre...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm0798-794
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improved techniques to noninvasively image protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential. We molecularly engineered a positron emission tomography (PET)-based split reporter (herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase), cleaved between Thr265 and Ala266, and used this in a protein-fragment complementation assay ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2185
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a frequent and severe glomerular disease characterized by destabilization of podocyte foot processes. We report that transgenic expression of the microRNA miR-193a in mice rapidly induces FSGS with extensive podocyte foot process effacement. Mechanistically, miR-193a inhibi...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.3142
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence of multiple tumors in an organ heralds a rapidly fatal course. Although intravascular administration may deliver oncolytic viruses/vectors to each of these tumors, its efficiency is impeded by an antiviral activity present in complement-depleted plasma of rodents and humans. Here, this activity was show...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/11320
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism underlying the autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type-1 (APS1) has been attributed to defective T-cell negative selection resulting from reduced expression and presentation of autoantigens in thymic medullary epithelial cells (MECs). It has also been postulated that Aire is involved in development of reg...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1038/nm1424
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV infection can cause extensive neuronal loss and clinically a severe dementia. The cause of the neurotoxicity remains unclear as neurons are not infected, but disturbance of glutamate-linked calcium entry has been implicated. In this study, we have shown a decrease in HIV-infected brain of the expression of mRNA an...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm1195-1174
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD23 is a low-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E (IgE) expressed by a variety of haematopoietic cells. Proteolytic cleavage of the transmembrane receptor generates soluble forms, which can be detected in biological fluids. CD23 regulates many functional aspects of immune cells, both in its cell-associated and solu...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm0895-781
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR) blockade is a standard therapy for cardiac failure and ischemia. G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) desensitize betaARs, suggesting that genetic GRK variants might modify outcomes in these syndromes. Re-sequencing of GRK2 and GRK5 revealed a nonsynonymous polymorphism of GRK5, ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm1750
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice carrying mutations in both the dystrophin and utrophin genes die prematurely as a consequence of severe muscular dystrophy. Here, we show that intravascular administration of recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors carrying a microdystrophin gene restores expression of dystrophin in the respiratory, car...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm1439
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We formulate a two-phase paradigm of autoimmunity associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, the archetypal autoimmune disease. The initial Toll-like receptor (TLR)-independent phase is mediated by dendritic cell uptake of apoptotic cell debris and associated nucleic acids, whereas the subsequent TLR-dependent phas...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nm1590
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neural tube defects (NTDs) spina bifida and anencephaly are widely prevalent severe birth defects. The mouse mutant curly tail (ct/ct) has served as a model of NTDs for 50 years, even though the responsible genetic defect remained unrecognized. Here we show by gene targeting, mapping and genetic complementation st...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm961
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet-activating factor (PAF) induces pulmonary edema and has a key role in acute lung injury (ALI). Here we show that PAF induces pulmonary edema through two mechanisms: acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)-dependent production of ceramide, and activation of the cyclooxygenase pathway. Agents that interfere with PAF-induce...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm977
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that maintains the protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, called telomeres. In most human somatic cells, telomerase expression is repressed, and telomeres shorten progressively with each cell division. In contrast, most human tumors express telomerase, res...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/13495
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00