Abstract：
:The degradation of cyanogenic glycosides was studied in spontaneously fermenting cassava root pulp and in fresh pulp samples pretreated to prevent either endogenous beta-glycosidase activity, fermentation, or both. The rate of disappearance of the glycosides, as measured by hydrocyanic acid (HCN) production in situ, in membrane-sterilised media or in samples containing 1% sodium iodoacetate, was comparable with the untreated control in which 85% of the substrate was broken down within 72 h. Pretreatment of the fresh pulp with the beta-glucosidase inhibitor 1,5-gluconolactone (1%) markedly reduced the rate of disappearance of the cyanogens while inclusion of glucose in this test medium at the 3% level appeared to induce some hydrolysis. Loss of bound (glycosidic) cyanide in sterilised medium containing the glucosidase inhibitor was negligible. The results suggest that the contribution of the fermentation process in cyanide detoxification of pulped cassava roots is minimal.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Maduagwu ENdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(83)90153-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-03-01 00:00:00pages
335-9issue
4eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(83)90153-4journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:There is sufficient evidence for pulmonary carcinogenicity of inhaled cadmium (Cd) compounds in rats whereas no such evidence was found in mice and hamsters, indicating significant species differences in the pulmonary response to inhaled Cd. We hypothesized that expression of metallothionein (MT) protein in the lung a...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(94)90046-9
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dysglycemia and central nervous system (CNS) complications are the known adverse effects of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin are among the most prescribed antibiotics. In this study we demonstrate that ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin disturb glucose transport into HepG2 cells and such inhibit...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.10.017
更新日期：2009-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Children may be inherently more vulnerable than adults to the lethal effects associated with chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) exposure because of their closer proximity to the ground, smaller body mass, higher respiratory rate, increased skin permeability and immature metabolic systems. Unfortunately, there have on...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.11.023
更新日期：2016-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Methanol remains to be a major public and environmental health hazard. Formic acid is the toxic metabolite responsible for the metabolic acidosis observed in methanol poisoning in humans, in non-human primates and in folate-depleted rodents. Cytochrome oxidase inhibition by formate leads to lactic acid accumulation, w...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.07.017
更新日期：2006-02-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Fusarenon-X (FX), a type B trichothecene mycotoxin, is mainly produced by Fusarium crookwellense, which occurs naturally in agricultural commodities, such as wheat and barley. FX has been shown to exert a variety of toxic effects on multiple targets in vitro. However, the embryonic toxicity of FX in vivo remains uncle...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.843
更新日期：2014-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：:A single, 50 mg/kg i.p. dose of 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) to mice significantly inhibited glutathione reductase activity in liver within 10 min, and in lung and heart within 30 min. Maximal inhibition was reached at 4 h in all tissues and glutathione reductase activity remained significantly depress...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(83)90036-x
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plants can metabolize the Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) by forming the masked mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-3-β-D-glucoside (D3G). D3G might be cleaved during digestion, thus increasing the total DON burden of an individual. Due to a lack of in vivo data, D3G has not been included in the various regulatory limits...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.032
更新日期：2014-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon nanotubes (CNT), despite their diverse application potential, have demonstrated adverse impacts in vitro and in vivo. Previous studies have focused on the combined in vitro cytotoxic impact of CNT aggregates and associated nanoparticulate impurities. However, the isolated effect of CNT aggregates and associated...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.12.003
更新日期：2007-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed per os for 4 consecutive days with 0.0, 0.2, 2.0 or 4.0 mg cyclopiazonic acid (CPA)/kg body weight/day, and killed on the fifth day. Sections of liver were prepared for electron microscopic examination. Dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum was observed in all hepatocyt...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(85)90084-0
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isolated rat hepatocytes incubated aerobically formed measurable amounts of ethane, a parameter for lipid peroxidation. This ethane formation increased several-fold due to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) depending on its concentration. Cell damage as measured by trypan blue uptake and lactate dehydrogenase release poorly ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(81)90112-0
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ebselen is a seleno-organic compound that causes cell death in several cancer cell types. The mechanisms underlying its deleterious effects have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects of ebselen (1 μM-40 μM) on AR42J tumor cells have been examined. Cell viability was studied using AlamarBlue(®) test. Ce...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.07.025
更新日期：2014-09-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Amiodarone is an effective antidysrhythmic agent, restricted in use by the development of pulmonary toxicity. Several in vivo animal models have been used to study amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity. Intratracheal administration of amiodarone to the hamster has been used as a model for the critical amiodarone-induc...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(94)90073-6
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnant rats were given di-n-butyltin dichloride (DBT) by gastric intubation at a dose of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 mg/kg on days 7-15 of pregnancy. Maternal toxicity occurred in the 7.5 and 10.0 mg/kg groups as evidenced by a significant increase in maternal death and decrease in food consumption and body weight gain...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(91)90047-a
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) phosphate is a competitive disinfectant with strong antibacterial activity. However, epidemiologists revealed that inhaled PHMG-phosphate may increase the risk of pulmonary fibrosis associated with inflammation, resulting in the deaths of many people, including infants and pregnant w...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.01.005
更新日期：2015-03-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Fenvalerate (Fen), widely used for its high insecticidal potency and low mammalian toxicity, is classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. Recently, Fen has received great attention for its adverse effects on human reproductive health. In this study, we found that Fen (10 microM) had a stimulatory effect on the g...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.004
更新日期：2010-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of lead exposure on dopaminergic mechanisms regulating prolactin (PRL) secretion was studied in rats by measuring dopamine (DA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid hypothalamic concentrations and DA receptor density in the hypothalamus and pituitary of lead-exposed animals. [3H]Sulpiride was used as dopamine rec...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(84)90154-1
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:alpha-Zearalanol (alpha-ZAL), a phytochemical with both antioxidant and estrogen-like properties, has been shown to retard progression of atherosclerosis and regulate cardiovascular function in part through suppression of endothelin-1 (ET-1) secretion. However, the precise nature behind alpha-ZAL-elicited inhibition o...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.05.005
更新日期：2008-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Conversion of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into hepatic myofibroblasts is a necessary event during the development of liver fibrosis. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which catalyzes DNA methylation and subsequently leads to the transcriptional repression of profibrotic genes, is selectively induced in myofibroblasts...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.038
更新日期：2014-01-13 00:00:00
abstract：:In C57BL/6 mice, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) increased 1 day after treatment with 3-methylcholanthrene, and induction of UDP-glucuronyl transferases for 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene, p-nitrophenol and bilirubin in the liver microsomes was observed 2 to 5 days later. In DBA/2 mice, neither AHH nor transferase activit...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(80)90146-0
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of intestinal damage on thyroid carcinogenesis due to amitrole (AT) were examined in F344 male rats initiated with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN). In experiment 1, rats were provided with diet containing 0.03% AT for 20 weeks after a single subcutaneous injection of DHPN (2800 mg/kg body weight), and...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.11.012
更新日期：2006-06-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Besides hepatotoxicity, paracetamol may exert nephrotoxic effects in experimental animals and man. The present study in rats shows that cholestyramine given 4 and 24 h after paracetamol provided protection against both hepato- and nephrotoxicity; this was evidenced by reduced increments in plasma enzyme activities (SD...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(89)90073-8
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3-Bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) is a promising agent that has been widely studied in the treatment of cancer and pulmonary hypertension. Rotenone is a pesticide commonly used on farms and was shown to have anti-cancer activity and delay fibrosis progression in chronic kidney disease in a recent study. However, there are few ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.024
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A protective effect of preadministration of the metals Cu, Bi, Zn, Hg, Cd, Ni or Co, against lethal toxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (Cisplatin; CDDP) was observed in mice. However, the protective effect seems not always to correlate with metallothionein (MT) levels in the liver and kidney of mice treated with...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(85)90058-x
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) has one of the highest production volumes of all chemicals worldwide. It has been widely studied because of its endocrine modulating activity. In addition to dietary intake, absorption of BPA via the skin from handling thermal papers is believed to be a relevant route of exposure. We studied BPA expo...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.08.020
更新日期：2014-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxic industrial chemicals are used throughout the world to produce everyday products such as household and commercial cleaners, disinfectants, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, plastics, paper, and fertilizers. These chemicals are produced, stored, and transported in large quantities, which poses a threat to the local civ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.10.010
更新日期：2016-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Dioxins are metabolized by cytochrome P450, family 1 (CYP1) via the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). We determined whether different blood dioxin concentrations are associated with polymorphisms in AHR (dbSNP ID: rs2066853), AHR repressor (AHRR; rs2292596), CYP1 subfamily A polypeptide 1 (CYP1A1; rs4646903 and rs1...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.03.013
更新日期：2013-06-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of T-2 toxin on the in vitro mitogen responses and the antibody-producing ability of human peripheral blood lymphocytes were evaluated. T-2 toxin inhibited the mitogen response to concanavalin A (ConA) at a lower concentration (1.6 ng/ml) as compared to phytohemagglutinin (2.4 ng/ml) and pokeweed mitogen (...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(88)90151-8
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death involved in growth control of tissues. It is considered as a cellular suicide functionally opposite to mitosis. It may serve to remove "unwanted" damaged or dangerous, e.g. precancerous, cells. Chemical compounds can interfere with the regulatory network which controls apop...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(92)90233-a
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kahweol, the coffee-specific diterpene, has been reported to have anti-carcinogenic properties. Animal data support such a chemopreventive effect of coffee. However, the precise underlying protective mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, the apoptotic effect of kahweol in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.01.022
更新日期：2009-05-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium (Cd), which accumulates primarily in the liver and the kidney, induces apoptosis and also causes necrotic cell death in certain pathophysiologic situations. Previously, we have shown that Cd activated mitogen-activated protein kinases and that sulfur amino acid deficiency potentiated Cd-induced cytotoxicity vi...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00233-9
更新日期：2003-10-15 00:00:00
