Abstract:
:Knowledge in neuropsychobiology continues to benefit from the use of drugs as 'tools' to alter neurochemical events as a means of studying interactions between the events and behaviour. Before drugs could play such a role, concepts about basic properties of living organism had to be refined. Techniques had to be invented for investigating the kinetics by which drugs reach their sites of action within the body and the dynamics of their effects once they have occupied their receptors, behaviour being one category of such effects. The present discussion examines these developments in historical perspective, focusing upon influences they have in advancing our understanding of neurochemical substrates of behaviour.
journal_name
Neuropsychobiologyjournal_title
Neuropsychobiologyauthors
Russell RWdoi
10.1159/000118407subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
134-43issue
3eissn
0302-282Xissn
1423-0224pii
118407journal_volume
18pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract::Little is known about the effects of cocaine on cognitive tasks. Event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded in 7 cocaine abusers during the performance of the auditory oddball task before and after the intravenous injections of saline and cocaine (60-80 mg). The P3B and slow wave components of the ERP were significa...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000119148
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical observations have suggested that lithium may exert adverse effects on memory. The difficulty in achieving empirical consensus regarding this issue has reflected several methodological problems: diversity of research designs, heterogeneous samples, lack of control groups and the possible confounding of memory ...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000118904
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Limbic circuitry, especially the anterior cingulate gyrus, has been implicated in the pathophysiology and cognitive changes of schizophrenia. Previous diffusion tensor imaging studies have demonstrated that the integrity of the anterior cingulum (AC) is abnormal in schizophrenia. However, the relationship be...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000355296
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify the role of the serotonergic system in limbic and thalamic epileptic activity, we examined the effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP, 20 and 40 mg/kg) on fully kindled seizures from the hippocampus and lateral geniculate nucleus. The intraperitoneal administration of 20 mg/kg 5-HTP exerted no anticonvulsant...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000118813
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The rs1344706 single nucleotide polymorphism in the ZNF804A gene is a common variant with strong evidence for association with schizophrenia. Recent studies show an association of rs1344706 with cognitive functioning, and there is some evidence suggesting that the risk allele may increase susceptibility for ...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000339731
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysfunctional mechanisms in the serotonergic system have been implicated in suicidal behavior among patients with schizophrenia. However, previous association analyses of major serotonin genes have provided inconsistent findings regarding their role in suicidal behavior. The goal of the current study was to identify s...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000441191
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In two studies experimentally induced colds slowed the speed of response in a serial reaction task. Responding was also slower during the incubation period of the illness, which shows that performance on such a task may be used to predict subsequent illness. Volunteers who had no significant clinical illness, but who ...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000118408
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals differ in hypnotizability. Information on hypnotizability-related EEG characteristics is controversial and incomplete, particularly on intracerebral source localization and EEG dimensionality. 19-channel, eyes-closed resting EEGs from right-handed, healthy, 8 high- and 4 low-hynotizable subjects (age: 26.7...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054942
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) is a vital cofactor maintaining availability of the amine neurotransmitters [dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA), and serotonin (5-HT)], regulating the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and stimulating and modulating the glutamatergic system (directly and indirect...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000089002
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study all available young social alcohol abusers in the capital of Iceland are compared with a control group matched for age and intellectual level. Certain behaviour and social characteristics were found to occur more often during childhood among the abusers. Boys showing these characteristics should b...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000117483
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Panic disorder (PD) is a common and often chronic psychiatric condition that can lead to considerable disability in daily life. Using [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, we examined brain baseline glucose metabolism in PD patients in comparison with normal controls and the changes in glucose metabolism after 12 w...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000337740
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The focus is on evaluating the relationships between early behavioural problems and biochemical variables at adult age and their significance for early criminality and violent behaviour in a life perspective. In the present study, using prospective longitudinal data, a sample of males with a history of early criminal ...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000087557
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral impedance changes (F changes) indicating cerebral blood flow variations in the central and precentral areas were measured with a rheographic technique in normal subjects preparing for and carrying out a motor task. The time course of the F changes was studied and several significant correlations were establis...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000117609
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A growing number of studies indicate increased impulsivity in patients with opioid dependence (OD). However, few studies exclude concomitant drug use and consider depression as a comorbidity, both of which can bias results. AIM:We aimed to compare impulsivity in patients with OD enrolled in maintenance thera...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000494697
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of two benzodiazepines (alprazolam and bromazepam) on performance and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in visual search and verbal recognition memory paradigms were tested in a placebo-controlled double-blind paradigm employing 12 young healthy subjects. Both drugs exerted similar effects on performan...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000119291
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative assessment of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was performed in a 22-year-old man with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy on long-term high-dose phenytoin (PHT) therapy, using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with N-isopropyl-(iodine-123)-p-iodoamphetamine. In all the SPECT scans repe...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000118982
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia is a genetically complex disorder with an unknown pathophysiology. Several genes implicated in glutamate metabolism have been associated with the disorder. Recent studies of polymorphisms in the dystrobrevin-binding protein 1 gene (DTNBP1; dysbindin) and D-amino-acid-oxidase (DAO) gene, both in...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000235799
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Due to its pharmacological properties, opipramol may be useful in the context of evening premedication in anaesthesiology. This trial examines whether quality of sleep the night prior to surgery can be improved by opipramol and whether this effect is dose dependent. A second objective of this study is to exam...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000323799
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Schizophrenia, a common neurological disorder appearing in the late teens or early adulthood, is characterized by disorganized thinking, behaviour, and perception of emotions. Aberrant N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity is a major pathological event here due to dysfunction of do...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000454985
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brain activity of 13 right-handed students (6 men and 7 women) was determined using high resolution (99m)Tc-HMPAO brain SPECT images during visuospatial tasks. The results showed that there was no significant gender-specific difference in solving the visuospatial tasks and that no meaningful statistical difference...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000026639
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Time trends and periodic cycles in REM sleep eye movements were examined in 6 functional and 6 mongoloid adolescent retardates. Both groups of subjects showed approximately equal percentages of linear trends, quadratic trends, linear and quadratic trends, and absence of trend. The eye movement time-series were subject...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000117524
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::77 primary depressive in-patients aged 18-70 years (mean = 46/47 years) were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups and treated in double-blind conditions in ten centers. Butriptyline and amitriptyline were both administered with an identical increasing schedule, up to 150 mg daily in the first week and ...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000117952
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep apnea is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of hypoxemia. Therapies include behavioral, surgical, orthodontic, pneumological, and pharmacological interventions. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficiency of pneumological therapy by nasal continuo...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000026575
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concentrations of adenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in manic-melancholic patients were studied. As control groups served patients suffering from other psychiatric disorders as well as neruological and orthopedic patients. The results showed no difference between the vari...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000117548
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between clinical effect of imipramine (IP) in 39 depressed patients and biochemical distinction, serum drug levels, and diagnostic classification was investigated retrospectively. Based on pretreatment plasma ratios of tryptophan and tyrosine to competing amino acids, which reflect the availability of...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000118182
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Memory processes, as reflected by 'old/new' effects of event-related potentials (ERPs), have been shown to be impaired in depressed patients. This variability might be partly explained by biological factors. S100B is a glial calcium-binding protein with neuroplastic properties; S100B serum levels have been sh...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000219304
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The search for specific predepressive personality factors has a long tradition in psychiatry. Studies in which assessments were made prospectively, before the onset of a first-ever episode of the illness, are, however, rare. In the present report from the Lundby Study we have investigated premorbid, mainly personality...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000118956
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind comparison of zimeldine, a selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor, and nomifensine, a noradrenaline and a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, was carried out in 43 inpatients with a scheduled treatment period of 6 weeks. All patients were diagnosed as definite major depressive disorder according to Research Diagnos...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000118086
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine depletion induced by administration of Ro4-1284 produces a condition of rapid and repeated eye blinking in rats. This condition mimics the human disorder, blepharospasm, which often accompanies parkinsonism and other dopamine deficiency disorders. When given a 3-week course of a compound (SR-3) developed from...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000026648
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A common polymorphism in the alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) gene is associated with Alzheimer's disease. ACT is also a trophic factor in the hippocampal neurons. In order to examine if the ACT gene plays a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic disorders, patients (n = 175) and control subjects (n = 114) were genoty...
journal_title:Neuropsychobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000026600
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00