Abstract：
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review aims to describe the differences between men and women in those factors that can influence a worse prognosis in women after an acute cardiovascular event. RECENT FINDINGS:Women adequately treated with current evidence-based medications for acute myocardial infarction and for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and dyslipidemia, still have an extra risk of death compared with men. Additional factors that increase the risk of poor prognosis for the index event have been identified. The residual risk can be due to factors affecting the prognosis of the women from outside (they are external to the patient's body) and also to factors that, on the contrary, belong to the female body (female being/female sex). The review will give an update on those residual risk factors, including young age, vulnerability for de novo heart failure, time from symptom onset to treatment, heath care delivered during the weekend, and depression, which generally negatively influence the outcome of women with an acute myocardial infarction.
journal_name
Curr Atheroscler Repjournal_title
Current atherosclerosis reportsauthors
Manfrini O,Cenko E,Bugiardini Rdoi
10.1007/s11883-020-00882-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-03 00:00:00pages
65issue
11eissn
1523-3804issn
1534-6242pii
10.1007/s11883-020-00882-4journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Daily lifestyle practices and habits profoundly affect the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Abundant research and multiple recent consensus documents support the role of regular physical activity, not smoking cigarettes, maintaining a healthy body weight, controlling cholesterol levels, and contr...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-014-0444-y
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient ischemic attack (TIA) represents one end of the spectrum of focal brain ischemia, the other being completed infarction or ischemic stroke. The evolving technologic advancements in neuroimaging continue to change and sharpen the definition, epidemiology, and management of TIA. As a powerful risk factor for is...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-005-0019-z
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We aimed to summarize recent guidelines, position papers, and high-quality clinical research relating the use of nutraceuticals in the management of individuals at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS:It is essential that individuals at high risk of cardiovascular dise...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-020-00887-z
更新日期：2020-09-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant etiologic cause of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) that leads to disabling deficits as well as significant morbidity and mortality in this population. Approximately 25 % of AIS is considered to be cryptogenic with no etiology ascertained at the time of the index event. Recent adva...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-015-0544-3
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With ever increasing sophistication in molecular biological approaches, the low-density lipoprotein receptor supergene family continues to grow rapidly. From the well-defined key role of these receptors in lipoprotein metabolism, the new members move the field into many different and diverse physiologic and developmen...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11883-999-0007-9
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis can provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of patients with this common disease. Clinical, epidemiologic, and basic molecular science studies have identified oxidative stress as a factor contributing to the development and progression of atherosc...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-005-0013-5
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinically, aspirin resistance is defined as the failure of aspirin therapy to prevent an acute vascular thrombotic event despite regular intake of appropriate doses. In the laboratory, aspirin resistance encompasses the drug's failure to attain a particular level of platelet inhibition. From a clinical standpoint, th...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-008-0022-2
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Outcomes from recent lipid-lowering trials have led to an update of the third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel's guidelines for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in adults. The updated NCEP guidelines now offer an optional goal of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholester...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-006-0060-6
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of statins to lower serum cholesterol and reduce coronary heart disease endpoints has confirmed portions of the lipid hypothesis. However, the time to benefit and increased benefit in overlapping populations have suggested that nonlipid or pleiotropic effects of statins may be present. The apparent benefit...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-003-0066-2
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aspirin remains one of the most extensively studied cardiovascular medications in the history of medicine. However, despite multiple, well-designed, large randomized controlled trials evaluating the potential of aspirin to prevent cardiovascular events in individuals without known cardiovascular disease (CVD), the rol...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-015-0555-0
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer survivorship should be defined starting not from completion of treatment, but from the time of diagnosis. Assessing and controlling the cancer patient's cardiovascular risk before, during, and after treatment is crucial to improving their overall outcome. There are many cancer therapies, including but not limit...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-014-0484-3
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various lifestyle factors have been associated with increasing the risk of stroke. These include lack of exercise, alcohol, diet, obesity, smoking, drug use, and stress. Guidelines endorsed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health recommend that Americans should exercise ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-000-0111-3
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:High-intensity exercise may beneficially impact on insulin sensitivity. However, there is still uncertainty on the actual impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on chronic physiologic adaptations among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to systematically search and appr...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11883-019-0767-9
更新日期：2019-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Since initial reports of its association with ischemic stroke appeared in 1988, there has been continued controversy regarding the existence and strength of the association between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and ischemic stroke. Many case-control studies have reported an association between incident cryptogenic ischem...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11883-010-0114-7
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a commonly identified potential mechanism of ischemic stroke, especially in young patients. The recurrent stroke rate among young cryptogenic stroke patients with a PFO is modest, but higher than normal for their age. Co-existing atrial septal aneurysm is a ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-007-0039-y
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Few principles in medicine today are as well accepted as the benefits of using statins to reduce cardiovascular risk factors and to prevent cardiovascular disease. The recent withdrawal of a statin (cerivastatin) has lead to a re-examination of all statins, and an attempt to better assess the risk-benefit ratio of thi...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-002-0060-0
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipid-lowering medications, particularly statins, have been a popular target for pharmacogenetic studies. A handful of genes have shown promise for predicting response to therapy from the perspective of lipid lowering, as well as myopathy. A number of genes have been implicated and have biological plausibility based o...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-016-0573-6
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) has an extensive section on nonpharmacologic therapy for those with abnormal blood lipids. ATP III focused on the high-saturated fat atherogenic diet, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle and recommended a program of therapeut...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-002-0047-x
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have decreased significantly for men over the past few decades, but similar reductions have not occurred in women. Consequently, CVD remains the leading killer of women in the United States. Men usually develop heart disease earlier than women, but women develop heart disease ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-008-0046-7
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cardioprotective effects of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) are well known, but the role that the n-6 FAs play in coronary heart disease is unclear. These two classes of essential FAs compete for a number of enzyme systems, and their metabolites can powerfully influence (often in different directions) inflammatory r...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-006-0019-7
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in humans. One of its important features is the tendency to become more persistent over time, even in the absence of underlying progressive heart disease. Conversion and maintenance of sinus rhythm by pharmacological or electrical methods become increasing...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-017-0638-1
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The liver X receptors (LXRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Since their initial identification more than a decade ago, LXRs have been characterized as key transcriptional regulators of lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis. LXRs are activated by the intra...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-008-0013-3
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to promote cholesterol efflux is an important component of its ability to protect against cardiovascular disease. In addition, the anti-inflammatory properties of HDL are important as well. As part of the innate immune system, HDL appears to have evolved to increase inflam...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-007-0026-3
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preliminary evidence demonstrating that adding 0.5 mg of colchicine per day to statin and antiplatelet therapy reduced the risk of acute coronary events in patients with stable coronary artery disease has raised the hope that it may prove effective for the long-term secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-013-0391-z
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:For over 20 years, the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE), a program sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, has explored diverse and important aspects of ischemic heart disease in women. RECENT FINDINGS:Women with symptoms and signs of ischemia but no significant epicard...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-020-00852-w
更新日期：2020-06-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The thiazolidinediones, acting through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor chi (PPARchi), affect multiple areas of metabolism. Of increasing importance is the recognition that these agents affect lipoprotein metabolism and cause changes in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels. All three thiazolidinediones, includ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-006-0037-5
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are the key transcription factors regulating lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. PPARalpha and PPARgamma are known therapeutic targets for hypertriglyceridemia and type 2 diabetes, respectively. The physiologic function of the third member, PPARdelta, has been d...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02693931
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At a time when the lipid management guidelines give more and more emphasis to the identification and treatment of high-risk patients with the metabolic syndrome and diabetes, there is an obvious need to balance the known effects of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) lowering with the new evidence of clinical efficacy deriv...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-004-0104-8
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effective prevention of the current annual $400 billion losses from atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) will require preventing primary causes rather than just decreasing signs and symptoms (risk factors) produced by those causes. All CVD risk factors predict a likelihood of CVD, but not all are causes of...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-009-0042-6
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are hundreds of foods, nutrients, herbs, and botanicals that have "bioactive" constituents with potential human health benefits. Three of these are discussed in this review: soy, garlic, and ginkgo biloba. Each of these three choices involves an ingestible item composed of a complex mixture of bioactive agents. ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-003-0037-7
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
