Abstract:
:The liver X receptors (LXRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Since their initial identification more than a decade ago, LXRs have been characterized as key transcriptional regulators of lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis. LXRs are activated by the intracellular accumulation of cholesterol derivatives to stimulate cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport and excretion into the bile. Glucose functions as an LXR ligand in carbohydrate metabolism, and receptor agonism suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis and improves insulin sensitivity. In addition to these beneficial metabolic effects, LXR ligands suppress inflammatory and proliferative responses of vascular cells and prevent the development of atherosclerosis and its complications. In this review, we summarize the important roles of LXRs in metabolism and vascular biology and discuss their implications as potential molecular drug targets for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
journal_name
Curr Atheroscler Repjournal_title
Current atherosclerosis reportsauthors
Nomiyama T,Bruemmer Ddoi
10.1007/s11883-008-0013-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-02-01 00:00:00pages
88-95issue
1eissn
1523-3804issn
1534-6242journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Acute coronary syndromes (ACS), such as unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death, are commonly associated with the presence of vulnerable plaques in coronary arteries. Rupture or erosion of vulnerable plaques results in the formation of luminal thrombi due to the physical contact between ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-009-0030-x
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and a risk factor for both cardiovascular and hepatic related morbidity and mortality. The increasing prevalence of this disease requires novel therapeutic approaches to prevent disease progression. Farnesoid X receptors a...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-015-0500-2
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelets are critical modulators of atherothrombotic events. In the acute setting, platelets are activated and aggregate on the surface of atherosclerotic plaque that has ruptured, fissured, or developed erosions. The overlying thrombus leads to sudden development of arterial luminal obstruction, inducing ischemia an...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-009-0055-1
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a common but asymptomatic disease that has high susceptibility to rupture. Current therapeutic options are limited to surgical procedures because no pharmacological approaches have been proven to decrease either expansion or rupture of human AAAs. The current dearth of effective m...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-012-0271-y
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) is a calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) enzyme secreted by leukocytes and associated with circulating low-density lipoprotein and macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques. Until recently, the biological role of Lp-PLA(2) in atherosclerosis was controversial, but ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-009-0076-9
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies traditionally have been designed for individuals for whom oral speech is not a viable option. Common clinical practice has expanded AAC use to a tool for cognitive retraining or remediation. Although technologic developments offer the potential for vastly imp...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-002-0008-4
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently reported clinical trials raise doubts on the effectiveness of nonstatin lipid-lowering therapies in reducing the residual risk of cardiovascular events after statin monotherapy. Addition of -torcetrapib to statin therapy increased overall mortality in coronary patients despite a marked increase in high-densit...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-009-0010-1
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury of arterial endothelium by abnormal shear stress and other insults induces migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which in turn leads to intimal thickening, hypoxia, and vasa vasorum angiogenesis. The resultant new blood vessels extend from the tunica media into the outer intima, a...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-015-0510-0
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies confirm and extend previous evidence that lipoprotein (Lp) plays a significant role in atherosclerosis and is one of the top five or six risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In Japanese patients, Lp levels and apo phenotypes are significant predictors for myocardial infarction. Lp levels are signifi...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-000-0026-z
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) is known to inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and function as an important regulator of triglyceride metabolism. In addition, apoC-III has also more recently been identified as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the mechanisms by ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-019-0791-9
更新日期:2019-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::A substantial body of epidemiologic data has shed light on the potential protective effects of the Mediterranean diet against atherosclerosis in humans. Many believe the reason the Mediterranean diet is atheroprotective is the elevated consumption of olive oil, an oil poor in saturated fatty acids (SFA) and highly enr...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11883-007-0066-8
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We briefly and comprehensively present some of the novel findings in the field of revascularization therapy and management of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We highlight the latest evidence-based advancements in the pharmacological and mechanical treatment of patients who presented with STEMI. Sin...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-014-0412-6
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:For over 20 years, the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE), a program sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, has explored diverse and important aspects of ischemic heart disease in women. RECENT FINDINGS:Women with symptoms and signs of ischemia but no significant epicard...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-020-00852-w
更新日期:2020-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::The rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have decreased significantly for men over the past few decades, but similar reductions have not occurred in women. Consequently, CVD remains the leading killer of women in the United States. Men usually develop heart disease earlier than women, but women develop heart disease ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-008-0046-7
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death in the United States. Fibrous plaques develop in 77% to 78% of men before age 30. The mean low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level in men aged 25 to 30 years is 117 mg/dL. In the Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention St...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11883-999-0048-0
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary interventions have been consistently proposed as a part of a comprehensive strategy to lower the incidence and severity of coronary heart disease (CHD), in the process providing long-term cardioprotection. Replacement of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) with higher intakes of monounsaturated fatty acids (MU...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-010-0133-4
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in humans. One of its important features is the tendency to become more persistent over time, even in the absence of underlying progressive heart disease. Conversion and maintenance of sinus rhythm by pharmacological or electrical methods become increasing...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-017-0638-1
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is a common and disabling condition. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administered within 3 h of symptom onset is the standard therapy for eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke. Unfortunately, because of the time limitation, very few patients with ischemic stroke actually receive this treat...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-010-0121-8
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to typesetting mistake, an unknown image was accidentally captured as graphical abstract. This should be removed. ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s11883-020-00868-2
更新日期:2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Coronary artery no-reflow phenomenon is an incidental outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction. Despite advances in pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies, coronary no-reflow phenomenon occurs more commonly than desired. It often resu...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11883-018-0747-5
更新日期:2018-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality world-wide and is well suited for prevention because it has a high prevalence, high burden of economic cost, well-defined modifiable risk factors, and effective prevention measures. Atherosclerosis is one of the major mechanisms of ischemic stroke, but the apparent diffe...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-006-0012-1
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the role of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in improving outcomes in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) has been described, the data regarding gender-based survival outcomes are limited. There is a higher preponderance of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) i...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-015-0512-y
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid has been studied in a limited number of investigations. So far, some epidemiologic and a few mechanistic studies suggest a potential of protection from cardiovascular disease, but this potential remains to be proven in intervention studies. In contrast, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) an...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-003-0086-y
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous retrospective and prospective observational studies support an association between elevated homocysteine and increased risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Although folic acid therapy substantially reduces homocysteine levels, recent large, randomized controlled trials fail...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s11883-007-0048-x
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family of enzymes is involved in arterial wall extracellular matrix degradation and remodeling. The latter activities have been implicated in a number of normal and pathologic processes, such as atherosclerotic lesion formation and progression, plaque destabilization and rupture, but...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-010-0159-7
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Statin therapy has became the most important advance in stroke prevention since the introduction of aspirin and blood pressure-lowering therapies. Other lipid-modifying drugs have been less successful in reducing the incidence of stroke, but because of evidence for the use of triglyceride-lowering drugs and treatments...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-011-0186-z
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::ᅟ: Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are an important and increasingly recognized subgroup of coronary lesions, documented in at least 30%, but up to 52% of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing coronary angiography. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of these lesions is increasingly pursued, with...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-018-0760-8
更新日期:2018-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary heart disease (CHD), traditionally considered a male disease, causes far more deaths in women than cancer. The prevalence of CHD is lower in women at any age, but with advancing age, this differential decreases. The clinical outcomes including myocardial infarction mortality, all-cause mortality, and reinfarc...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-016-0574-5
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant foods rich in carbohydrate and dietary fiber have many health benefits. One concern often expressed about higher carbohydrate, lower fat diets is that they may increase fasting serum triglycerides. Recently the importance of hypertriglyceridemia as an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease has been r...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-000-0055-7
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis can provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of patients with this common disease. Clinical, epidemiologic, and basic molecular science studies have identified oxidative stress as a factor contributing to the development and progression of atherosc...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-005-0013-5
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00