Abstract:
:Recent studies confirm and extend previous evidence that lipoprotein (Lp) plays a significant role in atherosclerosis and is one of the top five or six risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In Japanese patients, Lp levels and apo phenotypes are significant predictors for myocardial infarction. Lp levels are significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients than in controls. However, plasma concentrations of Lp are not predictive of ischemic cerebral infarction in either men or women. Serum Lp levels are significantly higher in patients with carotid plaques or measurable intima-media thickness than in controls without. Despite these associations, there is no significant relationship between Lp level and arterial endothelial function, smooth muscle response, or carotid wall thickness, even though other lipid risk factors like low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio are correlated with abnormal arterial function and structure. There is new evidence that the association of Lp with extracellular matrix (ECM) secreted by arterial smooth muscle cells increases two- to threefold the subsequent specific binding of LDL. Alpha-defensins released from activated or senescent neutrophils stimulate the binding of Lp to ECM of endothelial cells. Several factors that affect the accumulation of Lp and oxidized LDL in the arterial intima have been identified. Several recent studies have provided new insights into the physiologic role that Lp might play in compromising fibrinolysis. The interaction of Lp with cells is clearly distinct from that with ECM and with fibrinogen; the regulation sites within Lp and plasminogen for these regulatory molecules are not identical. These recent advances bring us significantly closer to understanding how Lp exerts its atherogenic and thrombogenic properties.
journal_name
Curr Atheroscler Repjournal_title
Current atherosclerosis reportsauthors
Morrisett JDdoi
10.1007/s11883-000-0026-zkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-05-01 00:00:00pages
243-50issue
3eissn
1523-3804issn
1534-6242journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The effects of cis-monounsaturated fatty acids (cis-MUFAs) on the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and on CHD mortality are not clear. Also, dietary recommendations for cis-MUFA as derived by various organizations are not in agreement. Earlier studies have mainly focused on the effects of cis-MUFA on serum lipids ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-016-0597-y
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the discovery of microRNAs has exponentially expanded our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing gene networks in many biological processes, the study of these tiny RNA powerhouses in cardiovascular disease is in its infancy. To date, there have been over 1200 human microRNAs identified, and they a...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-012-0272-x
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerosis remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Atherothrombotic complications, including vascular occlusions and severe narrowing of nutrient blood vessels in the cerebral, coronary, or peripheral circulation, usually require invasive revascularization strategies. As molecular...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-003-0022-1
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Acute stroke is a treatable disease. Nevertheless, only a minority of patients obtain guideline-adjusted therapy. One major reason is the small time window in which therapies have to be administered in order to reverse or mitigate brain injury and prevent disability. The Mobile Stroke Unit (MSU) conce...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-018-0751-9
更新日期:2018-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Effective prevention of the current annual $400 billion losses from atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) will require preventing primary causes rather than just decreasing signs and symptoms (risk factors) produced by those causes. All CVD risk factors predict a likelihood of CVD, but not all are causes of...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-009-0042-6
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death in the United States. Fibrous plaques develop in 77% to 78% of men before age 30. The mean low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level in men aged 25 to 30 years is 117 mg/dL. In the Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention St...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11883-999-0048-0
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various lifestyle factors have been associated with increasing the risk of stroke. These include lack of exercise, alcohol, diet, obesity, smoking, drug use, and stress. Guidelines endorsed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health recommend that Americans should exercise ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-000-0111-3
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since initial reports of its association with ischemic stroke appeared in 1988, there has been continued controversy regarding the existence and strength of the association between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and ischemic stroke. Many case-control studies have reported an association between incident cryptogenic ischem...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11883-010-0114-7
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the recent decline in mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), this disease remains the leading killer of US adults of all ages. CHD in young adults is not as well characterized as CHD in older individuals because it occurs less frequently, but this disease can have devastating consequences for young patie...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-012-0226-3
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherothrombosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the western world. The underlying processes associated with clinical expression of atherothrombosis include oxidative stress and proteolysis in relation to neovascularisation and intraplaque hemorrhages, leading to immuno-inflammatory response, cell ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-010-0102-y
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately one third of ischemic strokes are labeled cryptogenic because the etiology is unknown despite a thorough evaluation. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation carries the same risk of ischemic stroke as persistent atrial fibrillation and has increasingly gained attention as a potential source of cryptogenic stroke....
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-015-0547-0
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize epidemiology, pathophysiology, prognostic relevance, and treatment options of coronary artery disease (CAD) when coupled with severe aortic stenosis (SAS). In regard to treatment options, we focused on the most recently adopted therapeutic approaches and on the future perspectives in ligh...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-020-0835-1
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-003-0086-y
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review concerns the clinical impact of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis for patients with refractory hypercholesterolemia. We examine and provide examples of investigations that have demonstrated the clinical benefits of LDL apheresis. In addition to benefits derived from the stabilization or regression of...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-001-0052-5
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), which are synthetic ligands for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor g (PPARg) activation, have been introduced in clinical medicine to improve insulin resistance and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The metabolic effects of TZDs are mediated by receptor-dependent act...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-005-0049-6
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:For over 20 years, the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE), a program sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, has explored diverse and important aspects of ischemic heart disease in women. RECENT FINDINGS:Women with symptoms and signs of ischemia but no significant epicard...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-020-00852-w
更新日期:2020-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies traditionally have been designed for individuals for whom oral speech is not a viable option. Common clinical practice has expanded AAC use to a tool for cognitive retraining or remediation. Although technologic developments offer the potential for vastly imp...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-002-0008-4
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::At a time when the lipid management guidelines give more and more emphasis to the identification and treatment of high-risk patients with the metabolic syndrome and diabetes, there is an obvious need to balance the known effects of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) lowering with the new evidence of clinical efficacy deriv...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-004-0104-8
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of statins to lower serum cholesterol and reduce coronary heart disease endpoints has confirmed portions of the lipid hypothesis. However, the time to benefit and increased benefit in overlapping populations have suggested that nonlipid or pleiotropic effects of statins may be present. The apparent benefit...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-003-0066-2
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacotherapies with agents that inhibit platelet function have proven to be effective in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes, and in the prevention of complications during and after percutaneous coronary intervention. Because of multiple synergetic pathways of platelet activation and their close interplay wit...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-013-0371-3
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Demonstration of a direct relationship between plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration and atherosclerosis has proven difficult due to confounding variables that accompany elevated plasma TG, such as other dyslipidemias, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. However, human genetic studies have provided evidence suggesting a ca...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-012-0243-2
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability for statins to reduce major cardiovascular events and mortality has lead to this drug class being the most commonly prescribed in the world. In particular, the benefit of these drugs in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is well established. In February 2012, the Food and Drug Administration released changes to statin ...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-012-0299-z
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common problem in the United States, with estimates that 30 million men suffer with some degree of ED. Although causes include psychogenic, organic, and mixed forms, in middle-aged and older men one of the most common causes is vascular disease. Endothelial dysfunction, even without defi...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-002-0078-3
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is now a consensus about recommending the Mediterranean diet pattern for the prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) and cancer. The most important aspect of this treatment decision, in contrast with the pharmacologic prevention of CHD (including cholesterol lowering), is that the Mediterranean diet has a str...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-008-0080-5
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in humans. One of its important features is the tendency to become more persistent over time, even in the absence of underlying progressive heart disease. Conversion and maintenance of sinus rhythm by pharmacological or electrical methods become increasing...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-017-0638-1
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the function of vitamin D in regulating calcium homeostasis is well established, there has been growing interest in its role in the prevention of numerous chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is mounting epidemiological evidence suggesting that vitamin D deficiency is linked to increas...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-017-0637-2
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and a risk factor for both cardiovascular and hepatic related morbidity and mortality. The increasing prevalence of this disease requires novel therapeutic approaches to prevent disease progression. Farnesoid X receptors a...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-015-0500-2
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the USA, 69 % of adults are either overweight or obese and 35 % are obese. Obesity is associated with an increased incidence of various cardiovascular disorders. Obesity is a risk marker for cardiovascular disease, in that it is associated with a much higher prevalence of comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertensio...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-016-0575-4
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid-lowering medications, particularly statins, have been a popular target for pharmacogenetic studies. A handful of genes have shown promise for predicting response to therapy from the perspective of lipid lowering, as well as myopathy. A number of genes have been implicated and have biological plausibility based o...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-016-0573-6
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The liver X receptors (LXRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Since their initial identification more than a decade ago, LXRs have been characterized as key transcriptional regulators of lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis. LXRs are activated by the intra...
journal_title:Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11883-008-0013-3
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00