Abstract：
:While the function of vitamin D in regulating calcium homeostasis is well established, there has been growing interest in its role in the prevention of numerous chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is mounting epidemiological evidence suggesting that vitamin D deficiency is linked to increased CVD risk. However, the results of previous vitamin D supplementation trials have yielded mixed results in regards to cardiovascular health, and the results of ongoing large-scale randomized controlled trials are not yet available. Further complicating the issue, calcium supplementation, which is often prescribed concurrently with vitamin D, has been associated with increased CVD risk in some (but not all) studies. Thus, it is currently unclear whether vitamin D supplements, particularly for those that are deficient, can help prevent the development of CVD. In addition, there has not been uniform consensus regarding the threshold of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels that constitutes "sufficiency" across organizational guidelines. This review will provide an update on the most recent evidence regarding the effects of vitamin D and calcium supplements on CVD clinical outcomes, summarize ongoing vitamin D trials, and discuss the current but remarkably disparate recommendations regarding vitamin D deficiency screening and supplementation.
journal_name
Curr Atheroscler Repjournal_title
Current atherosclerosis reportsauthors
Chin K,Appel LJ,Michos EDdoi
10.1007/s11883-017-0637-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
5issue
1eissn
1523-3804issn
1534-6242pii
10.1007/s11883-017-0637-2journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:More than half of the men and women in the United States are overweight or obese. Obesity is associated with an increased risk for various diseases, most notably, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and coronary heart disease (CHD). The location of excessive body fat, particularly in the visceral area, has ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-000-0065-5
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke is a common and disabling condition. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administered within 3 h of symptom onset is the standard therapy for eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke. Unfortunately, because of the time limitation, very few patients with ischemic stroke actually receive this treat...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-010-0121-8
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review aims to describe the differences between men and women in those factors that can influence a worse prognosis in women after an acute cardiovascular event. RECENT FINDINGS:Women adequately treated with current evidence-based medications for acute myocardial infarction and for conventional c...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-020-00882-4
更新日期：2020-09-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherothrombotic cardiovascular events are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A number of factors beyond hyperglycemia contribute to this increased risk of cardiovascular events in T2D, including elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, inflammation, endothelial dysfunctio...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-014-0408-2
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipid-lowering medications, particularly statins, have been a popular target for pharmacogenetic studies. A handful of genes have shown promise for predicting response to therapy from the perspective of lipid lowering, as well as myopathy. A number of genes have been implicated and have biological plausibility based o...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-016-0573-6
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Olive oil is the principal source of fat in the Mediterranean diet, which has been associated with a lower incidence of coronary heart disease and certain cancers. Olive oil is characterized by a high proportion of monounsaturated oleic acid, but the main peculiarity of extra-virgin oil is the presence of remarkable q...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-001-0012-0
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherosclerosis remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Atherothrombotic complications, including vascular occlusions and severe narrowing of nutrient blood vessels in the cerebral, coronary, or peripheral circulation, usually require invasive revascularization strategies. As molecular...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-003-0022-1
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacotherapies with agents that inhibit platelet function have proven to be effective in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes, and in the prevention of complications during and after percutaneous coronary intervention. Because of multiple synergetic pathways of platelet activation and their close interplay wit...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-013-0371-3
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Managing dyslipidemia is an important part of the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction remains the primary lipid goal. Patients who have experienced an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are at very high risk of recurrent adverse cardiovascular events. A ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11883-009-0024-8
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose is to review evidence on cardiovascular risks and benefits of new treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus. RECENT FINDINGS:In response to guidance issued by the Food and Drug Administration, thousands of patients have been enrolled in large randomized trials evaluating the cardiovascular ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-016-0633-y
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the role of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in improving outcomes in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) has been described, the data regarding gender-based survival outcomes are limited. There is a higher preponderance of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) i...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-015-0512-y
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality world-wide and is well suited for prevention because it has a high prevalence, high burden of economic cost, well-defined modifiable risk factors, and effective prevention measures. Atherosclerosis is one of the major mechanisms of ischemic stroke, but the apparent diffe...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-006-0012-1
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aspirin remains one of the most extensively studied cardiovascular medications in the history of medicine. However, despite multiple, well-designed, large randomized controlled trials evaluating the potential of aspirin to prevent cardiovascular events in individuals without known cardiovascular disease (CVD), the rol...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-015-0555-0
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biologic therapies involve the utilization of proteins, DNA, antibodies, or other substances derived or synthesized from living tissue for therapeutic effects. There are several biologic therapies in clinical development for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. The most advanced in human trials are apolipo...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-004-0118-2
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the recent decline in mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), this disease remains the leading killer of US adults of all ages. CHD in young adults is not as well characterized as CHD in older individuals because it occurs less frequently, but this disease can have devastating consequences for young patie...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-012-0226-3
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are permanent dilations in the infra-renal area in which the arterial tissue is characterized by inflammation and medial degeneration. AAAs are a common vascular disorder and cause significant mortality in the aged population. Despite the high prevalence of this disease, there is limit...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-002-0023-5
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of statins to lower serum cholesterol and reduce coronary heart disease endpoints has confirmed portions of the lipid hypothesis. However, the time to benefit and increased benefit in overlapping populations have suggested that nonlipid or pleiotropic effects of statins may be present. The apparent benefit...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-003-0066-2
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dyslipidemia is central to the process of atherosclerosis. Modification of the lipid profile by diet, exercise, or pharmacologic therapy has been demonstrated to reduce the risk from atherosclerosis in clinical studies in primary and secondary prevention. Nicotinic acid has been in clinical use for over 50 years. The ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-009-0014-x
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this review, we describe the mechanism behind coronary artery calcification formation and detection, as well as its implication in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification, intervention, and prognosis in asymptomatic individuals. RECENT FINDINGS:Multiple cohort and population studies have ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-019-0812-8
更新日期：2019-11-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The original version of this article contains errors in Table 3. "At least 1 project/publication in the year" and "> 1 publication per year" have been switched under the titles of "Clinical Track" and "Physician-Scientist track". ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi：10.1007/s11883-018-0743-9
更新日期：2018-06-19 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has a complex, bidirectional relationship with the vascular wall. In disease states, PVAT secretes pro-inflammatory adipocytokines which may contribute to atherosclerosis. Recent evidence demonstrates that pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) may also function as a sen...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-019-0817-3
更新日期：2019-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammation lies at the base of endothelial dysfunction, eventually leading to plaque formation. The degree of inflammation defines the "vulnerability" of plaque to rupture. Numerous strategies have been adopted to identify and eventually treat high-risk vulnerable plaque. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (L...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-010-0095-6
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a group of enzymes that oxidatively modify drugs to a more water-soluble form for renal excretion. Nearly 50% of all clinically used medications and endogenous steroids are metabolized by the CYP enzyme 3A4, which explains why many of the important potential drug interactions involved this...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-000-0090-4
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review aims to explore the relationship between AF and carotid atherosclerosis, and the impact on the outcomes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Also, our aim is to critically review current knowledge and delineate future directions for effective treatment or prevention as well as str...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-019-0808-4
更新日期：2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial genes are associated with the development of atherosclerotic lesions in arteries and may provide a partial explanation to the focal nature of lesion distribution in the arterial wall. This review is aimed to discuss the genetic aspects of atherogenesis with ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-020-00873-5
更新日期：2020-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherosclerosis is a complex disease associated with aberrant lipoprotein metabolism and leukocyte infiltration into arterial tissue that leads to cardiovascular diseases. Statins have emerged as among the most effective means of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in both primary and secondary prevention sett...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-012-0294-4
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality. Acutely, ICH is associated with a sudden surge in intracranial pressure (ICP), as the volume of hematoma increases the pressure in the closed head, leading to non-specific symptoms of ICP: headache, nausea, vomiting,...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-012-0251-2
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review addresses normal and pathologic functions of serum amyloid A (SAA), an enigmatic biomarker of inflammation and protein precursor of AA amyloidosis, a life-threatening complication of chronic inflammation. SAA is a small, highly evolutionarily conserved acute-phase protein whose plasma leve...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-020-00888-y
更新日期：2020-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Exaggerated postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This metabolic abnormality is principally due to overproduction and/or decreased catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and is a consequence of pathogenic genetic variations and other coexistent medical conditions, ...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-013-0309-9
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is common after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and represents a significant cause of poor functional outcome. DCI was mainly thought to be caused by cerebral vasospasm; however, recent clinical trials have been unable to confirm this hypothesis. Studies in humans and ani...
journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11883-017-0690-x
更新日期：2017-10-23 00:00:00
