Biological effectiveness of very high gamma dose rate and its implication for radiological protection.

abstract：:It is usually assumed that sparsely ionizing radiation produces randomly distributed DNA breakages. This seems to be supported by the finding that in some DNA fragments single-strand scissions occur uniformly at all nucleotide sites, regardless of sequence. We performed experiments on two DNA fragments of about 300 bp...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Barone F,Belli M,Mazzei F

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In spite of a well-known relationship between exposure to radiation and increased risk for cancer development, the biological mechanisms involved in radiation-induced carcinogenesis remain poorly documented. Various hypotheses are discussed in this paper. It appears that radiation cannot be directly responsible for th...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Sabatier L,Lebeau J,Dutrillaux B

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mass attenuation coefficient, μm, atomic cross-section, σi, electronic cross-section, σe, effective atomic number, Zeff and effective electron density, Nel, were determined experimentally and theoretically for some vitamins (retinol, beta-carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, niacinamide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, bioti...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Demir D,Turşucu A,Oznülüer T

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of gamma radiation on red blood cells have been examined using a spin labeling method. For this purpose two spin labels were used to monitor membrane fluidity: methyl 5-doxylpalmitate (Met 5-DP) and methyl 12-doxylstearate (Met 12-DS). The irradiation of red cells with the doses of 200 and 500 Gy caused dec...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Gwoździński K

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The naturally synchronous development of early mouse embryos was exploited to address the question, whether micronuclei require a mitosis for expression or whether they can be expressed in the same cell cycle, in which exposure to X-rays or caffeine took place. Experiments with 2-cell and with 4-cell embryos showed th...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Müller WU,Schlusen I,Streffer C

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monte Carlo codes have been used for approximately 80 years to solve various problems in medical physics. In this paper, the importance of the MCNPX code in treatment planning is highlighted. As illustrative examples of the role of MCNPX in this field, some dosimetric parameters, isodose distribution curves, and figur...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Vahabi SM,Shamsaie Zafarghandi M

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:125I incorporated in DNA is known to be exceptionally toxic. Values of D0 range from about 40 to about 90 decays for survival of mammalian cells. The effectiveness of 125I in DNA with respect to the induction of breaks of the DNA strands, however, appears to be comparatively low. The numbers of strand breaks per energ...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Tisljar-Lentulis G,Schneeweiss FH,Feinendegen LE

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preliminary results on the spectral dependence of the absorption of light in tissue are presented and discussed with respect to medical laser application. ...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Eichler J,Knof J,Lenz H

更新日期：1977-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to verify whether extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) could affect transposition activity like some environmental stress factors such as heat shock or UV irradiation. Using an Escherichia coli Lac Z(-) strain transformed with a plasmid containing a Tn 10 derivative element expr...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Del Re B,Garoia F,Mesirca P,Agostini C,Bersani F,Giorgi G

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cosmic radiation is an occupational risk factor for commercial aircrews. In this large European cohort study (ESCAPE) its association with cancer mortality was investigated on the basis of individual effective dose estimates for 19,184 male pilots. Mean annual doses were in the range of 2-5 mSv and cumulative lifetime...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Langner I,Blettner M,Gundestrup M,Storm H,Aspholm R,Auvinen A,Pukkala E,Hammer GP,Zeeb H,Hrafnkelsson J,Rafnsson V,Tulinius H,De Angelis G,Verdecchia A,Haldorsen T,Tveten U,Eliasch H,Hammar N,Linnersjö A

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carrier-free 11C-labeled carbon monoxide was produced by proton irradiation of a nitrogen gas flow target via the 14N(p, alpha)11C process followed by on-line reduction of the predominantly formed 11C-carbon dioxide with a yield of 0.4 mCi/muAmin. After appropriate quality control about 2 mCi of carrier-free 11C-carbo...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Weinreich R,Ritzl F,Feinendegen LE,Schnippering HG,Stöcklin G

更新日期：1975-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The main aim of this study was to investigate the dosimetric characteristics of the INTRABEAM ® system in the presence of air gaps between the surface of applicators (APs) and tumor bed. Additionally, the effect of tissue heterogeneities was another focus. Investigating the dosimetric characteristics of the INTRABEAM®...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Tegaw EM,Gholami S,Omyan G,Geraily G

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microcalorimetric experiments on growth and maintenance metabolism of Saccharomyces strains ranging from haploid to hexaploid are described. During growth, the mean dry weight, the mean volume and the maximum heat flux of the cells are nearly linear functions of ploidy. These parameters are correlated with the cell co...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Lamprecht I,Schaarschmidt B,Welge G

更新日期：1976-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:High steady-state transcriptional activity is essential for normal mitochondrial function. The requisite transcription rate is satisfied in part by high copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). In the present study, we analyze mtDNA copy number by real-time PCR in nucleated blood cells from control mice and mice expo...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Evdokimovsky EV,Ushakova TE,Kudriavtcev AA,Gaziev AI

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A temporary increase in the incidence of infant leukaemia in Greece was reported by Petridou et al., which was attributed to in utero exposure to ionising radiation resulting from the Chernobyl accident. We performed a similar analysis based on the data of the German Childhood Cancer Registry in order to check whether...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Steiner M,Burkart W,Grosche B,Kaletsch U,Michaelis J

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism of chemical radiosensitization by halogenated bases incorporated into DNA. Radiation-induced base and sugar-phosphate backbone damage to 5-bromouridine-5'-monophosphate (5-BrUMP) was monitored using a flow system connected in series with a recording spectrophotome...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Greenstock CL,Whitehouse RP

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mice, persisting radiation-induced growth retardation of hematopoietic tissue suggested that at least part of the surviving stem cells are genetically injured. Additional mitotic stress some time after the radiation insult might remove injured stem cells, thus improving the overall recovery of the irradiated bone m...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： von Wangenheim KH,Peterson HP,Cronkite EP,Feinendegen LE

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our recent results suggest that 50 Hz magnetic fields (MF) enhance ultraviolet (UV)-induced tumorigenesis in mouse skin. The aim of the present experiment was to study suppression of apoptosis as a possible mechanism for MF effects on skin tumorigenesis. Another aim was to test the importance of a UV and MF exposure s...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Kumlin T,Heikkinen P,Kosma VM,Alhonen L,Jänne J,Juutilainen J

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four different thiol reagents: p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (pCMB), mercuric chloride (HgCl2), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), and 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were employed as agents modifying the transport of a hydrophilic and hydrophobic non-electrolyte spin labels: 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-o...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Gwoździński K,Bartosz G,Leyko W

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigation of cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) in body fluids, as a potential biomarker for assessing the effect of ionizing radiation on the organism, is of considerable interest. We investigated changes in the contents of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) and cell-free nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) in the urine of X-ray-expos...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Abdullaev SA,Minkabirova GM,Bezlepkin VG,Gaziev AI

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An extensive programme of experiments on transfer of radionuclides to aquatic species was conducted in the former USSR starting from the early 1950s. Only a few of these studies were made available in the English language literature or taken into account in international reviews of radionuclide behaviour in marine eco...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Fesenko S,Fesenko E,Titov I,Karpenko E,Sanzharova N,Fonseca AG,Brown J

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of Green's function has played a fundamental role in transport calculations for high-charge high-energy (HZE) ions. Two recent developments have greatly advanced the practical aspects of implementation of these methods. The first was the formulation of a closed-form solution as a multiple fragmentation perturb...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Shinn JL,Wilson JW,Schimmerling W,Shavers MR,Miller J,Benton EV,Frank AL,Badavi FF

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Procedures for age-adjustment of cancer fractions are proposed which do not require fixed age intervals. The full available information on survival times can then be used, which is especially important in small treatment groups. For incidental cancers a non-decreasing prevalence function and for fatal cancers the Kapl...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Heidenreich WF,Collier C,Morlier JP,Cross FT,Kaiser JC,Monchaux G

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of microgravity on the repair of x-ray-induced DNA double-strand breaks was studied in the temperature-conditional repair mutant rad54-3 of diploid yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cells were exposed on the ground and kept at a low temperature until microgravity conditions were achieved. In orbit, they we...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Pross HD,Kiefer J

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to detect membrane fluidity modifications in blood lymphocytes that had been exposed to gamma-radiation, at a graded series of depths from the surface to the centre of the membrane bilayer and as a function of cell viability. A time course was performed to verify the contribution of the membr...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Vincent-Genod L,Benderitter M,Voisin P

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the process of developing a new dosimetry system for atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki (DS02), an intercomparison study between (152)Eu and (36)Cl measurements was proposed, to reconcile the discrepancy previously observed in the Hiroshima data between measurements and calculations of thermal neutron ...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Hoshi M,Endo S,Tanaka K,Ishikawa M,Straume T,Komura K,Rühm W,Nolte E,Huber T,Nagashima Y,Seki R,Sasa K,Sueki K,Fukushima H,Egbert SD,Imanaka T

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of the increasing application of ionizing radiation in medicine, quantitative data on effects of low-dose radiation are needed to optimize radiation protection, particularly with respect to cataract development. Using mice as mammalian animal model, we applied a single dose of 0, 0.063, 0.125 and 0.5 Gy at 10 ...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Dalke C,Neff F,Bains SK,Bright S,Lord D,Reitmeir P,Rößler U,Samaga D,Unger K,Braselmann H,Wagner F,Greiter M,Gomolka M,Hornhardt S,Kunze S,Kempf SJ,Garrett L,Hölter SM,Wurst W,Rosemann M,Azimzadeh O,Tapio S,Au

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study is to investigate if 1,800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and/or changes in heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression in human blood cells, using different exposure and co-exposure conditions. Human umbilical cord blood-derived m...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Lantow M,Lupke M,Frahm J,Mattsson MO,Kuster N,Simko M

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article describes the application of a simplified Bayesian method for estimation of doses from a mixed field using cytogenetic biological dosimetry, taking as an example neutron and gamma radiation emitted from the MARIA nuclear research reactor in Poland. The Bayesian approach is a good alternative to the common...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Słonecka I,Łukasik K,Fornalski KW

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of supplying three different stable iodine levels (about 70, 80, and 160 mg day-1) in the daily feed of four dairy cows has been studied for the excretion pattern of 131I. None of the different treatments had a statistically significant effect. A mean milk transfer coefficient of 0.015 +/- 0.001 d l-1 was d...

journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics

authors： Voigt G,Schotola C,Probstmeier G,Röhrmoser G

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00