Abstract:
:It is usually assumed that sparsely ionizing radiation produces randomly distributed DNA breakages. This seems to be supported by the finding that in some DNA fragments single-strand scissions occur uniformly at all nucleotide sites, regardless of sequence. We performed experiments on two DNA fragments of about 300 bp having different conformation to test whether radiation-induced single-strand breakage is dependent on DNA conformation. Breakage analysis was carried out by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which allows determination of the broken site at single nucleotide resolution. We found uniform cutting patterns in B-form regions. On the contrary, X- or gamma-irradiation of curved fragments of kinetoplast DNA showed that the distribution of single-strand breaks was not uniform along the fragment, as the cleavage pattern was modulated in phase with the runs of A-T pairs. This modulation likely reflected the reduced accessibility of the sites which on hydroxyl-radical attack give rise to strand breaks. The cleavage pattern was phased with the runs of A-T pairs. Moreover, the overall yield of strand breaks was considerably lower in curved DNA fragments than in those with extended straight regions. The conformation effect found here indicates that the cleavage pattern reflects the fine structural features of DNA.
journal_name
Radiat Environ Biophysjournal_title
Radiation and environmental biophysicsauthors
Barone F,Belli M,Mazzei Fdoi
10.1007/BF01255271subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
23-33issue
1eissn
0301-634Xissn
1432-2099journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The objective of the present work is to apply the plasma clearance parameters to strontium, previously determined in our laboratory, to improve the biokinetic and dosimetric models of strontium-90 ((90)Sr) used in radiological protection; and also to apply this data for the estimation of the radiation doses from stron...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-007-0154-8
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the track structure code PARTRAC, DNA strand break induction by direct and indirect radiation action was calculated for the E. coli catabolite gene activator protein (CAP) DNA complex with (125)I located at the position of the H(5) atom of the cytosine near the center. The shape of the resulting DNA fragment si...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-004-0231-1
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radiation-induced process of strand breaks on pBR322 plasmid DNA in aqueous solution for different energy electrons was studied by Monte Carlo simulation. Assumptions of induction mechanisms of single- and double-strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs) used in the simulation are that SSB is induced by OH or H reaction with ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-002-0161-8
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::After ingestion or inhalation of radionuclides, internal organs of the human body will be exposed to ionising radiation. Current risk estimates of radiation-associated cancer from internal emitters are largely based on extrapolation of risk from high-dose externally exposed groups. Concerns have been expressed that ex...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s00411-007-0122-3
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biophysical characteristics of heavy ions make them a rational source of radiation for use in radiotherapy of malignant tumours. Prior to radiotherapy treatment, a therapeutic regimen must be precisely defined, and during this stage information on individual patient radiosensitivity would be of very great medical ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-006-0063-2
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rare earth radionuclides 177 Lu and 153Sm were administered as single i.p. injections in NMRI mice. Lu was deposited principally (up to 60%) in the skeleton if the quantity of stable carrier was low. Increase of stable carrier enhanced deposition in the reticulo-endothelial system. Sm was preferentially deposited ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01324368
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study reported in the present paper aimed to evaluate the effective energy (Eeff) of X-rays emitted from the surface of a bare X-ray probe and from different spherical applicators with various diameters, which are widely employed for low kV intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) of breast cancer. A previously validate...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-020-00887-2
更新日期:2021-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::Cl-36 is an important component of nuclear waste. The concentrations of stable chlorine (Cl) in pig and cow tissues were measured to provide information which can be used to parameterize models of (36)Cl transfer into agricultural animals. The concentration of stable Cl in cows' milk was 1.0 +/- 0.2 g L(-1), in cow mu...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-007-0137-9
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mountainous "Hohe Tauern" region of Salzburg (Austria), milk samples have been collected in a long-term montitoring programme since 1988, at eight alpine sites used for extensive, seasonal stock farming. For this alpine environment with its acidic soils developed on silicate bedrock, high soil-to-plant transfer...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-008-0192-x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimates are presented on the carbon-14 generation rates in several reactor types and in peaceful nuclear explosions. If the carbon-14 generated in light water reactors is released, the population radiation dose rate it causes initially will be comparable to that resulting from the krypton-85 and tritium generated in...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01331176
更新日期:1976-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate whether residual radiation damage in hematopoietic tissue is measurable in situ by a change in cell turnover, the retention of the thymidine analogue 5-(125-I)iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (125-IUdR) following incorporation into DNA of cells in bone marrow and spleen of mice was measured 35 days after 0-500 rad ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01325468
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With a model system of pBR322 plasmid DNA solution in vitro, the dose effects of radiation-induced single- and double-strand breaks (SSB and DSB) were measured and DSB was distinguished into alpha- and beta-types. Under the condition of low scavenging capacity existing in the irradiated DNA solution, SSB and alpha DSB...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004110000054
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Responses of the S/S variant of the L5178Y murine leukemic lymphoblast, the photoreceptor cell of the rabbit retina and the lenticular epithelium of the rabbit to heavy ions (20Ne, 28Si, 40Ar and 56Fe) are described and discussed primarily from the standpoint of the need for a comprehensive theory of cellular radiosen...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01209679
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse spermatogonial germ cells are highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. Lithium salts are reported to stimulate the postirradiation recovery of hematopoietic marrow cells. We have, therefore, examined whether administered lithium chloride (LiCl) would also be able to protect the mouse germinal cells against radiat...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004110050063
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The root apex cells of Pisum sativum were irradiated in an U-240 isochronous cyclotron at the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv. Several types of micronuclei, differing in structural peculiarities, were observed in the 84 h following exposure to beams of accelerated 1H,...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01275215
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of biophysical models of chromosome aberration induction has undergone considerable improvements in the past few years. This is mainly due to the development of new experimental techniques, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and premature chromosome condensation (PCC), and to a better kn...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s004110050132
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many experimental studies are carried out to compare biological effectiveness of high dose rate (HDR) with that of low dose rate (LDR). The rational for this is the uncertainty regarding the value of the dose rate effectiveness factor (DREF) used in radiological protection. While a LDR is defined as 0.1 mGy/min or low...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-020-00852-z
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new device for the measurement of complete laser induced fluorescence emission spectra (maxima near 690 and 735 nm) of leaves during the induction of the chlorophyll fluorescence is described. In this the excitation light (cw He/Ne laser, 632.8 nm) is switched on by a fast electro-mechanical shutter which provides a...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01211213
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and adult leukaemia has been studied extensively during the last decade. The first studies were based on crude exposure assessments, estimated through job titles, with no or only limited control confounding factors. The re...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s004110050036
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The macroscopic reaction of the mouse skin was used to derive RBE values for negative pi-Mesons. Hind limbs of mice were irradiated with pions or X-rays. The pions were produced by the 590 MeV accelerator of the Schweizerisches Institut für Nuklearforschung (SIN). Early reaction was assessed over a period of 6--30 day...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01358292
更新日期:1979-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to verify whether extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) could affect transposition activity like some environmental stress factors such as heat shock or UV irradiation. Using an Escherichia coli Lac Z(-) strain transformed with a plasmid containing a Tn 10 derivative element expr...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-003-0192-9
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::125I incorporated in DNA is known to be exceptionally toxic. Values of D0 range from about 40 to about 90 decays for survival of mammalian cells. The effectiveness of 125I in DNA with respect to the induction of breaks of the DNA strands, however, appears to be comparatively low. The numbers of strand breaks per energ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01213705
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Sax-Markov binary eurejoining/misrejoining (SMBE) model is a stochastic representation of Sax's breakage-and-reunion mechanism of misrejoining DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). In this model, to approximate DSB misrejoining probabilities that decrease with increasing distance, the nucleus is treated as a collection...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004110000067
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A temporary increase in the incidence of infant leukaemia in Greece was reported by Petridou et al., which was attributed to in utero exposure to ionising radiation resulting from the Chernobyl accident. We performed a similar analysis based on the data of the German Childhood Cancer Registry in order to check whether...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004110050099
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computational models of human anatomy are mathematical representations of human anatomy designed to be used in dosimetry calculations. They have been used in dosimetry calculations for radiography, radiotherapy, nuclear medicine, radiation protection and to investigate the effects of low frequency electromagnetic fiel...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00411-003-0221-8
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing hair follicles with their rapid cell proliferation would be expected to be sensitive organs to cytotoxic agents such as radiation. Various abnormalities in the hair and hair follicles have been reported in the past. Changes in the number of cells in the newly forming hair cortex have been shown in the mouse to...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02434035
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main aim of this study was to investigate the dosimetric characteristics of the INTRABEAM ® system in the presence of air gaps between the surface of applicators (APs) and tumor bed. Additionally, the effect of tissue heterogeneities was another focus. Investigating the dosimetric characteristics of the INTRABEAM®...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-020-00835-0
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this interdisciplinary project is to establish slice culture preparations from rodents and humans as a new model system for studying effects of X-rays and heavy ions within normal and tumor tissues. The advantage of such slice cultures relies on the conservation of an organotypic environment, the easy treat...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-010-0293-1
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thorough studies of 28 water bodies, predominantly lakes from the younger moraine area of Schleswig-Holstein, Northern Germany but also some peat bog waters in Niedersachsen, Northern Germany and lake Balaton in Hungary, showed the presence of at least six redox systems: NO3-/NO2-; NO3-/NH4+; NO2-/NH4+; So/HS-; So/H2S...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01221229
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Checkpoints are components of signalling pathways involved in genome stability. We analysed the putative dual functions of Rad17 and Chk1 as checkpoints and in DNA repair using mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Logarithmic populations of the diploid checkpoint-deficient mutants, chk1Delta/chk1Delta and rad17...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-007-0119-y
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00