Abstract：
:The development of biophysical models of chromosome aberration induction has undergone considerable improvements in the past few years. This is mainly due to the development of new experimental techniques, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and premature chromosome condensation (PCC), and to a better knowledge of track structure characteristics (both in the physical and chemical stages). In particular, track structure simulations, providing a detailed description of the spatial distribution of energy depositions and relevant DNA lesions, represent a useful starting point for the development of 'ab initio' models. Various aspects of the processes determining the induction and the formation kinetics of chromosome aberrations are still under debate, concerning in particular the target description (interphase chromosome organization), the characterization of relevant DNA lesions, the possibility of inducing exchanges starting from single radiation-induced lesions, the rejoining mechanisms (proximity effects and possible induction of incomplete exchanges, i.e. one-way exchanges) and the influence of specific scoring criteria adopted both in experiments and models. Starting from Lea's breakage-and-reunion theory and Revell's exchange theory, an overview is given of various models recently reported in the literature. The assumptions adopted by the authors concerning the various processes involved in aberration formation are analysed in detail, in order to clarify the different approaches adopted in treating the open questions outlined above.
journal_name
Radiat Environ Biophysjournal_title
Radiation and environmental biophysicsauthors
Ottolenghi A,Ballarini F,Merzagora Mdoi
10.1007/s004110050132keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-05-01 00:00:00pages
1-13issue
1eissn
0301-634Xissn
1432-2099journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:With a model system of pBR322 plasmid DNA solution in vitro, the dose effects of radiation-induced single- and double-strand breaks (SSB and DSB) were measured and DSB was distinguished into alpha- and beta-types. Under the condition of low scavenging capacity existing in the irradiated DNA solution, SSB and alpha DSB...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004110000054
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the mountainous "Hohe Tauern" region of Salzburg (Austria), milk samples have been collected in a long-term montitoring programme since 1988, at eight alpine sites used for extensive, seasonal stock farming. For this alpine environment with its acidic soils developed on silicate bedrock, high soil-to-plant transfer...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-008-0192-x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent analyses of the Canadian fluoroscopy cohort study reported significantly increased radiation risks of mortality from ischemic heart diseases (IHD) with a linear dose-response adjusted for dose fractionation. This cohort includes 63,707 tuberculosis patients from Canada who were exposed to low-to-moderate dose f...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-019-00819-9
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to verify whether extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) could affect transposition activity like some environmental stress factors such as heat shock or UV irradiation. Using an Escherichia coli Lac Z(-) strain transformed with a plasmid containing a Tn 10 derivative element expr...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-003-0192-9
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-linear mechanical response of viscoelastic strain responding media to high amplitude stress-strain is examined from a phenomenological point of view and found to lead to results compatible with empirical observations of high intensity ultrasound irradiation of brain, liver, and eye lens tissues. The proposed hyste...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01324230
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential mechanisms underlying the increase in serum iron concentration in gamma-irradiated mice were studied. The gamma irradiation dose used was 4 Gy, and cobalt-60 ((60)Co) source was used for the irradiation. The dose rate was 0.25 Gy/min. In the serum of irradiated mice, the concentration of ferrous ions dec...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-015-0623-4
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:137Cs from global fallout of nuclear weapon testings in the 1950s and 1960s was determined in successive layers (0-30 cm) of eight undisturbed grassland soils in Bavaria, Germany. The maximum activity concentration was found in soil layers between 4 and 15 cm below the surface. Using the vertical distribution of the c...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004110050088
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, temporal variations of indoor radon concentrations in Bulgaria were investigated. The radon concentrations were measured by nuclear track detectors as part of the Bulgarian National Survey, performed in the dwellings of 28 regional districts. The detectors were exposed through a year in two consecutive ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-019-00789-y
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fluorescent intercalation complex of ethidium bromide with DNA was used as a probe to demonstrate damage in the base-pair region of DNA, due to the action of superoxide radicals. The O.2- radical itself, generated by gamma-radiolysis of oxygenated aqueous Na-formate solutions, is rather ineffective with respect to...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01326732
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Time-dependent yields of the most important products of water radiolysis E(aq)(-), (*)OH, H(*), H(3)O(+), H(2), OH(-) and H(2)O(2) have been calculated for (60)Co-photons, electrons, protons, helium- and carbon-ions incident onto water. G values have been evaluated for the interval from 1 ps to 1 mus after initial ene...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-008-0194-8
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preliminary results on the spectral dependence of the absorption of light in tissue are presented and discussed with respect to medical laser application. ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01323942
更新日期：1977-10-12 00:00:00
abstract：:An LBO (Li2B4O7) walled ionization chamber was designed to monitor the epithermal neutron fluence in boron neutron capture therapy clinical irradiation. The thermal and epithermal neutron sensitivities of the device were evaluated using accelerator neutrons from the 9Be(d, n) reaction at a deuteron energy of 4 MeV (4 ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-017-0700-y
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microcalorimetric experiments on growth and maintenance metabolism of Saccharomyces strains ranging from haploid to hexaploid are described. During growth, the mean dry weight, the mean volume and the maximum heat flux of the cells are nearly linear functions of ploidy. These parameters are correlated with the cell co...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01323624
更新日期：1976-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoradiography is an effective tool for the imaging of radionuclide distributions in various samples. In sophisticated applications with special preparation and development of sample-emulsion combinations and subsequent grain counts it can be highly quantitative, but it requires carefully controlled conditions and a ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01209769
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of gamma radiation on red blood cells have been examined using a spin labeling method. For this purpose two spin labels were used to monitor membrane fluidity: methyl 5-doxylpalmitate (Met 5-DP) and methyl 12-doxylstearate (Met 12-DS). The irradiation of red cells with the doses of 200 and 500 Gy caused dec...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01595573
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study reported in the present paper aimed to evaluate the effective energy (Eeff) of X-rays emitted from the surface of a bare X-ray probe and from different spherical applicators with various diameters, which are widely employed for low kV intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) of breast cancer. A previously validate...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-020-00887-2
更新日期：2021-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Thorough studies of 28 water bodies, predominantly lakes from the younger moraine area of Schleswig-Holstein, Northern Germany but also some peat bog waters in Niedersachsen, Northern Germany and lake Balaton in Hungary, showed the presence of at least six redox systems: NO3-/NO2-; NO3-/NH4+; NO2-/NH4+; So/HS-; So/H2S...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01221229
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation-related risks of cancer can be transported from one population to another population at risk, for the purpose of calculating lifetime risks from radiation exposure. Transfer via excess relative risks (ERR) or excess absolute risks (EAR) or a mixture of both (i.e., from the life span study (LSS) of Japanese a...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-012-0441-x
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two data groups were analyzed: (1) the exposure rate in the former Czechoslovakia after the Chernobyl accident in 1986, and (2) the decrease of beta activity of an atmospheric fallout sample taken in Bratislava during 24 h on 30 May 1965. Both quantities decreased with the first power of time. This pattern of decrease...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-005-0276-9
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Checkpoints are components of signalling pathways involved in genome stability. We analysed the putative dual functions of Rad17 and Chk1 as checkpoints and in DNA repair using mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Logarithmic populations of the diploid checkpoint-deficient mutants, chk1Delta/chk1Delta and rad17...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-007-0119-y
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blue (F450) and green (F530) leaf fluorescence were studied together with the red chlorophyll fluorescence (emission maxima F690 and F735) during light-induced chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics (Kautsky effect) in predarkened leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.). The intensity ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01225923
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monte Carlo codes have been used for approximately 80 years to solve various problems in medical physics. In this paper, the importance of the MCNPX code in treatment planning is highlighted. As illustrative examples of the role of MCNPX in this field, some dosimetric parameters, isodose distribution curves, and figur...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-020-00841-2
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four different thiol reagents: p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (pCMB), mercuric chloride (HgCl2), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), and 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were employed as agents modifying the transport of a hydrophilic and hydrophobic non-electrolyte spin labels: 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-o...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01323760
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the various methods for studying the relative effects of transmutation and radiation of incorporated nuclides, simulation of beta radiation by external gamma exposure is of practical importance. Self-irradiation and mutual irradiation of the labeled cells cannot be neglected in any case. Furthermore, additional ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01326755
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a consequence of the increased use of renewable energy and the now long distances between energy generation and consumption, in Europe, electric power transfer by high-voltage (HV) direct current (DC) overhead power lines gains increasing importance. Thousands of kilometers of them are going to be built within the ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-014-0520-2
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present work we have investigated the possible interaction between Bleomycin (B) and UV light or hyperthermia (HT) in the induction of lethal events in diploid yeast populations in the stationary phase of growth. UV and B acting as single agents determine sigmoid survival curves. The combination of UV + B produ...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01219348
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, thyroid cancer incidence (follow-up period: 1991-2001) has been analyzed, including persons who were exposed as children at an age between 0 and 17 years and who are living in the Bryansk oblast, the worst contaminated area of Russia after the Chernobyl accident. According to the census of 1989, the pop...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-006-0039-2
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The observable responses of living systems to ionizing radiation depend on the level of biological organization studied. Understanding the relationships between the responses characteristic of the different levels of organization is of crucial importance. The main objective of the present study is to investigate how s...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-011-0382-9
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of a study in which groups of sheep were given single oral administrations of 14C, 3H and 35S and then slaughtered over a period of 1 year are reported. The experimental data were used to investigate the potential of metabolically based models for describing the transfer of the three radionuclides to sheep...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004110050078
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the present work is to apply the plasma clearance parameters to strontium, previously determined in our laboratory, to improve the biokinetic and dosimetric models of strontium-90 ((90)Sr) used in radiological protection; and also to apply this data for the estimation of the radiation doses from stron...
journal_title：Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00411-007-0154-8
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
