Upregulation of PIR gene expression induced by human papillomavirus E6 and E7 in epithelial oral and cervical cells.

abstract：:In eukaryotic cells, about one-third of the synthesized proteins are translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum; they are membrane or lumen resident proteins and proteins direct to the Golgi apparatus. The co-translational translocation takes place through the heterotrimeric protein-conducting channel Sec61 which is ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Russo A

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following thymic output, αβ⁺CD4⁺ T cells become activated in the periphery when they encounter peptide-major histocompatibility complex. A combination of cytokine and co-stimulatory signals instructs the differentiation of T cells into various lineages and subsequent expansion and contraction during an appropriate and...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Coomes SM,Pelly VS,Wilson MS

更新日期：2013-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic regions with repeated sequences are unstable and prone to rapid DNA diversification. However, the role of tandem repeats within the coding region is not fully characterized. Here, we have identified a new hypervariable C-type lectin gene family with different numbers of tandem repeats (Rlecs; R means repeat) i...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Huang Y,Huang X,Zhou X,Wang J,Zhang R,Ma F,Wang K,Zhang Z,Dai X,Cao X,Zhang C,Han K,Ren Q

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although systemic or local inflammation, commonly featured by cytokine activation, is implicated in patients with bone loss, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. As microRNAs (miR), a class of small non-coding RNAs involved in essential physiological processes, have been found in bone cells, we aimed to invest...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Wang N,Zhou Z,Wu T,Liu W,Yin P,Pan C,Yu X

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In animals, heterotrimeric G proteins, comprising α-, β-and γ-subunits, perceive extracellular stimuli through cell surface receptors, and transmit signals to ion channels, enzymes and other effector proteins to affect numerous cellular behaviours. In plants, G proteins have structural similarities to the correspondin...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Urano D,Chen JG,Botella JR,Jones AM

更新日期：2013-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The innate immune response is the first line of defence against infection. Germ-line-encoded receptors recognize conserved molecular motifs from both exogenous and endogenous sources. Receptor activation results in the initiation of a pro-inflammatory immune response that enables the resolution of infection. Understan...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Bryant CE,Monie TP

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ThyX is an essential thymidylate synthase that is mechanistically and structurally unrelated to the functionally analogous human enzyme, thus providing means for selective inhibition of bacterial growth. To identify novel compounds with anti-bacterial activity against the human pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Skouloubris S,Djaout K,Lamarre I,Lambry JC,Anger K,Briffotaux J,Liebl U,de Reuse H,Myllykallio H

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gating of AMPA- and kainate-selective ionotropic glutamate receptors can be defined in terms of ligand affinity, efficacy and the rate and extent of desensitization. Crucial insights into all three elements have come from structural studies of the ligand-binding domain (LBD). In particular, binding-cleft closure is as...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Nayeem N,Mayans O,Green T

更新日期：2013-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane-associated histidine kinases (HKs) in two-component systems respond to environmental stimuli by autophosphorylation and phospho-transfer. HK typically contains a periplasmic sensor domain that regulates the cytoplasmic kinase domain through a conserved cytoplasmic linker. How signal is transduced from the lig...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Liu J,Yang J,Wen J,Yang Y,Wei X,Zhang X,Wang YP

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with various diseases, such as cancer, myopathies, neurodegeneration and obesity. Mitochondrial homoeostasis is achieved by mechanisms that adapt the number of mitochondria to that required for energy production and for the supply of metabolic intermediates necessary to su...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Groenewoud MJ,Zwartkruis FJ

更新日期：2013-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The conserved process of centriole duplication requires Plk4 kinase to recruit and promote interactions between Sas6 and Sas5/Ana2/STIL (respective nomenclature of worms/flies/humans). Plk4-mediated phosphorylation of Ana2/STIL in its conserved STAN motif has been shown to promote its interaction with Sas6. However, S...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Dzhindzhev NS,Tzolovsky G,Lipinszki Z,Abdelaziz M,Debski J,Dadlez M,Glover DM

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elevated cataract risk after radiation exposure was established soon after the discovery of X-rays in 1895. Today, increased cataract incidence among medical imaging practitioners and after nuclear incidents has highlighted how little is still understood about the biological responses of the lens to low-dose ionizing ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Markiewicz E,Barnard S,Haines J,Coster M,van Geel O,Wu W,Richards S,Ainsbury E,Rothkamm K,Bouffler S,Quinlan RA

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discovered in 1991 in a screen for genes involved in spindle pole body duplication, the monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) kinase has since claimed a central role in processes that ensure error-free chromosome segregation. As a result, Mps1 kinase activity has become an attractive candidate for pharmaceutical companies in the...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Pachis ST,Kops GJPL

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With over 9000 species, squamates, which include lizards and snakes, are the largest group of reptiles and second-largest order of vertebrates, spanning a vast array of appendicular skeletal morphology. As such, they provide a promising system for examining developmental and molecular processes underlying limb morphol...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Melville J,Hunjan S,McLean F,Mantziou G,Boysen K,Parry LJ

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At least 150 human proteins are glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs). The protein moiety of GPI-APs lacking transmembrane domains is anchored to the plasma membrane with GPI covalently attached to the C-terminus. The GPI consists of the conserved core glycan, phosphatidylinositol and glycan side ch...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Kinoshita T

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The range of biological outcomes generated by many signalling proteins in development and homeostasis is increased by their interactions with glycosaminoglycans, particularly heparan sulfate (HS). This interaction controls the localization and movement of these signalling proteins, but whether such control depends on ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Sun C,Marcello M,Li Y,Mason D,Lévy R,Fernig DG

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (ALS/MND) are currently not clinically available for disease diagnosis or analysis of disease progression. If identified, biomarkers could improve patient outcomes by enabling early intervention and assist in the determination of treatment efficacy. We ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Banack SA,Dunlop RA,Cox PA

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We here address the question of whether there is any correlation between subjective preference for simple configurations within a specific visual domain such as motion and strength of activity in visual areas in which that domain is emphasized. We prepared several distinctive patterns of dots in motion with various ch...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Zeki S,Stutters J

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases are among the most difficult human health conditions to model for drug development. Most genetic or toxin-induced cell and animal models cannot faithfully recapitulate pathology in disease-relevant cells, making it excessively challenging to explore the potential mechanisms under...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Wu YY,Chiu FL,Yeh CS,Kuo HC

更新日期：2019-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:How a single genome can give rise to distinct cell types remains a fundamental question in biology. Mammals are able to specify and maintain hundreds of cell fates by selectively activating unique subsets of their genome. This is achieved, in part, by enhancers-genetic elements that can increase transcription of both ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Tafessu A,Banaszynski LA

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most animals have separate sexes. The differential expression of gene products, in particular that of gene regulators, is underlying sexual dimorphism. Analyses of sex-biased expression have focused mostly on protein-coding genes. Several lines of evidence indicate that microRNAs, a class of major gene regulators, are...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Marco A

更新日期：2014-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The first meeting exclusively dedicated to the 'High-throughput dense reconstruction of cell lineages' took place at Janelia Research Campus (Howard Hughes Medical Institute) from 14 to 18 April 2019. Organized by Tzumin Lee, Connie Cepko, Jorge Garcia-Marques and Isabel Espinosa-Medina, this meeting echoed the recent...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Espinosa-Medina I,Garcia-Marques J,Cepko C,Lee T

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute nociceptive pain is an undesirable feeling but has a physiological significance as a warning system for living organisms. Conversely, chronic pain is lacking physiological significance, but rather represents a confusion of nerve functions. The neuropathic pain that occurs after peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is p...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Inoue K

更新日期：2018-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:'Epichromatin', the surface of chromatin beneath the interphase nuclear envelope (NE) or at the surface of mitotic chromosomes, was discovered by immunostaining with a specific bivalent mouse monoclonal anti-nucleosome antibody (mAb PL2-6). 'Chromomeres', punctate chromatin particles approximately 200-300 nm in diamet...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Olins DE,Olins AL

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of foetal DNA in the plasma of pregnant women has opened up new possibilities for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. The use of circulating foetal DNA for the non-invasive prenatal detection of foetal chromosomal aneuploidies is challenging as foetal DNA represents a minor fraction of maternal plasma DNA. I...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Lo YM

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the predominant serum immunoglobulin and has the longest serum half-life of all the antibody classes. The European rabbit IgG has been of significant importance in immunological research, and is therefore well characterized. However, the IgG of other leporids has been disregarded. To evaluate...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Pinheiro A,Woof JM,Almeida T,Abrantes J,Alves PC,Gortázar C,Esteves PJ

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteocytes secrete the glycoprotein sclerostin to inhibit bone formation by osteoblasts, but how sclerostin production is regulated in osteocytes remains unclear. Here, we show that tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) in osteocytes promotes sclerostin secretion through inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin com...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Liu W,Wang Z,Yang J,Wang Y,Li K,Huang B,Yan B,Wang T,Li M,Zou Z,Yang J,Xiao G,Cui ZK,Liu A,Bai X

更新日期：2019-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts of a recently discovered class of genes which do not code for proteins. LncRNA genes are approximately as numerous as protein-coding genes in the human genome. However, comparatively little remains known about lncRNA functions. We globally interrogated changes in the lncR...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Lin CY,Kleinbrink EL,Dachet F,Cai J,Ju D,Goldstone A,Wood EJ,Liu K,Jia H,Goustin AS,Kosir MA,Thepsuwan P,Lipovich L

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA interference (RNAi) in insects is routinely used to ascertain gene function, but also has potential as a technology to control pest species. For some insects, such as beetles, ingestion of small quantities of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is able to knock down a targeted gene's expression. However, in other species,...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Tayler A,Heschuk D,Giesbrecht D,Park JY,Whyard S

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA methylation has been investigated for many years, but recent technologies have allowed for single-cell- and single-base-resolution DNA methylation datasets and more accurate assessment of DNA methylation dynamics at the key genomic regions that regulate gene expression in human early embryonic development. In this...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Luo R,Bai C,Yang L,Zheng Z,Su G,Gao G,Wei Z,Zuo Y,Li G

更新日期：2018-10-31 00:00:00