Abstract:
:Activated sludge granules and flocs have their inherent advantages and disadvantages for wastewater treatment due to their different characteristics. So far quantitative information on their evaluation is still lacking. This work provides a quantitative and comparative evaluation on the characteristics and pollutant removal capacity of granules and flocs by using a new methodology through integrating fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, accelerating genetic algorithm and entropy weight method. Evaluation results show a higher overall score of granules, indicating that granules had more favorable characteristics than flocs. Although large sized granules might suffer from more mass transfer limitation and is prone to operating instability, they also enable a higher level of biomass retention, greater settling velocity and lower sludge volume index compared to flocs. Thus, optimized control of granule size is essential for achieving good pollutant removal performance and simultaneously sustaining long-term stable operation of granule-based reactors. This new integrated approach is effective to quantify and differentiate the characteristics of activated sludge granules and flocs. The evaluation results also provide useful information for the application of activated sludge granules in full-scale wastewater treatment plants.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Fang F,Qiao LL,Ni BJ,Cao JS,Yu HQdoi
10.1038/srep42910subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-02-17 00:00:00pages
42910issn
2045-2322pii
srep42910journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Somatostatin (SST)-positive interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) play important roles in neuronal diseases, memory and cognitive functions. However, their development in the ACC remains unclear. Using postnatal day 3 (P3) to P45 GIN mice, we found that most of the intrinsic membrane properties of SST in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep28137
更新日期:2016-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence implies that both AKT1 and GABAA receptor (GABAAR) subunit genes are involved in schizophrenia pathogenesis. Activated Akt promotes GABAergic neuron differentiation and increases GABAAR expression on the plasma membrane. To elucidate the role of Akt1 in modulating GABAergic functions and schizoph...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep33095
更新日期:2016-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::The Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylRS) and its cognate tRNAPyl are extensively used to add non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) to the genetic code of bacterial and eukaryotic cells. However, new ncAAs often require a cumbersome de novo engineering process to generate an appropriate PylRS/tRNAPyl pair. We here report a s...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48357-0
更新日期:2019-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies on ungulate reproduction have focused on the covariates of male reproductive success, while there is much less information on female tactics of mate choice. The aim of this work is to fill this gap and to assess condition-dependent variations in female tactics in a lekking fallow deer (Dama dama) populati...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58681-5
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Based on a panel of 30 provinces and a timeframe from January 2009 to December 2013, we estimate the association between monthly human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) incidence and the relevant Internet search query volumes in Baidu, the most widely used search engine among the Ch...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27413-1
更新日期:2018-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance (IR) has become a global epidemic that represents a serious hazard to public health. However, the precise mechanisms modulating IR have not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the role of transcriptional factor Twist 1 in adipocyte IR and to further explore the molecular me...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30820-z
更新日期:2018-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::The phase diagrams of continuous binary nanoalloys are important in providing guidance for material designs and industrial applications. However, experimental determination of the nano-phase diagram is scarce since calorimetric measurements remain quite challenging at the nanoscale. Based on the size-dependent cohesiv...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep41990
更新日期:2017-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a contagious, severe and often lethal form of hemorrhagic fever in humans. The association of EVD outbreaks with forest clearance has been suggested previously but many aspects remained uncharacterized. We used remote sensing techniques to investigate the association between deforestation ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14727-9
更新日期:2017-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::The place conditioning paradigm is an efficient, widely-used method to study mechanisms that underlie appetitive or aversive learning and memory processes. However, pharmacological agents used to induce conditioned place preference (CPP) or aversion (CPA) can per se interfere with learning and memory processing, hence...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25568-5
更新日期:2018-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Prediction of infection trends, estimating the efficacy of contact tracing, testing or impact of influx of infected are of vital importance for administration during an ongoing epidemic. Most effective methods currently are empirical in nature and their relation to parameters of interest to administrators are not evid...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73308-5
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Aerosol nanoparticle injectors are fundamentally important for experiments where container-free sample handling is needed to study isolated nanoparticles. The injector consists of a nebuliser, a differential pumping unit, and an aerodynamic lens to create and deliver a focused particle beam to the interaction point in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45120-3
更新日期:2019-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Teleost fish exhibit a remarkable diversity in the control of sex determination, offering the opportunity to identify novel differentiation mechanisms and their ecological consequences. Here, we perform GWAS using 4715 fish and 46,501 SNP to map sex determination to three separate genomic locations in Atlantic salmon ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23984-1
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::The blood-based diagnosis has a potential to provide an alternative approach for easy diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with less invasiveness and low-cost. However, present blood-based AD diagnosis mainly focuses on measuring the plasma Aβ level because no other biomarkers are found to possess evident transport m...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep15703
更新日期:2015-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteremia caused by MRSA with reduced vancomycin susceptibility (MRSA-RVS) frequently resulted in treatment failure and mortality. The relation of bacterial factors and unfavorable outcomes remains controversial. We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of patients with bacteremia caused by MRSA with vancomycin MIC ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26277-9
更新日期:2018-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac tissue engineering using biomaterials with or without combination of stem cell therapy offers a new option for repairing infarcted heart. However, the bioactivity of biomaterials remains to be optimized because currently available biomaterials do not mimic the biochemical components as well as the structural p...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep39988
更新日期:2017-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple factors help shape the infant intestinal microbiota early in life. Environmental conditions such as the presence of bioactive molecules from breast milk dictate gut microbial growth and survival. Infants also receive distinct, personalized, bacterial exposures leading to differential colonization. Microbial e...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep40932
更新日期:2017-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the most common infectious diseases of the middle ear especially affecting children, leading to delay in language development and communication. Although Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen associated with CSOM, its interaction with middle ear epithelial ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47079-7
更新日期:2019-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Multiplexed or simultaneous detection of multiple analytes is a valuable tool in many analytical applications. However, complications caused by the presence of interfering compounds in a sample form a major drawback in existing molecular sensor technologies, particularly in multi-analyte systems. Although separating a...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep06785
更新日期:2014-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to obtain three-dimensional (3-D) information about morphologies of nanostructures elucidates many interesting properties of materials in both physical and biological sciences. Here we demonstrate a novel method in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) that gives a fast and reliable assessment o...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07537-6
更新日期:2017-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Ovule-derived haploid culture is an effective and important method for genetic study and plant breeding. Gerbera hybrida is a highly heterozygous species, and the lack of homozygous lines presents a challenge for molecular genetic research. Therefore, we performed haploid induction through unpollinated ovule culture a...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58552-z
更新日期:2020-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Immune-profiling is becoming an important tool to identify predictive markers for the response to immunotherapy. Our goal was to validate multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) panels to apply to formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues using a set of immune marker antibodies, with the Opal™ 7 color Kit (PerkinElmer) ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13942-8
更新日期:2017-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic fibrosis is caused by exaggerated wound healing response to chronic injury, which eventually leads to hepatic cirrhosis. Differentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to myofibroblast-like cells by inflammatory cytokines is the critical step in fibrosis. This step is accompanied by enlargement of the endopl...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08703-6
更新日期:2017-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of post-translational modifications of Plasmodium falciparum proteins, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination, are shown to have key regulatory roles during parasite development. NEDD8 is a ubiquitin-like modifier of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases, which regulates diverse cellular processes. Although...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77001-5
更新日期:2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Mosquito larvae continuously encounter microbes in their aquatic environment, which serve as food and play a critical role in successful development. In previous work, we isolated a Chromobacterium sp. (C.sp_P) with larvicidal activity from the midgut of dengue vector Aedes mosquitoes in Panama. In this study, we foun...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26680-2
更新日期:2018-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::The sinusoidal endothelial cells present in the liver (LSECs) are tipically characterized by the presence of pores (fenestrae). During some pathological conditions LSECs undergo "capillarization", a process characterized by loss of fenestrations and acquisition of a vascular phenotype. In chronic liver disease capilla...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45114-1
更新日期:2019-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in peripapillary microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in systemic hypertension (HTN) patients. This was a cross-sectional study. Based on the duration of HTN, seventy-eight HTN patients were divided into two groups. (HTN group 1: <1...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63603-6
更新日期:2020-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the shape of plant cellulose microfibrils is critical for understanding plant cell wall molecular architecture and conversion of cellulose into biofuels. Only recently has it been determined that these cellulose microfibrils are composed of 18 cellulose chains rather than 36 polymers arranged in a diamond-...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32211-w
更新日期:2018-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Despite advances in renovascular disease (RVD) research, gaps remain between experimental and clinical outcomes, translation of results, and the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms. A predictive tool to indicate support (or lack of) for biological findings may aid clinical translation of therapies. We creat...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-57386-8
更新日期:2020-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::AMPA subtype ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) mediate the majority of fast neurotransmission across excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. Each AMPA receptor is composed of four multi-domain subunits that are organized into layers of two amino-terminal domain (ATD) dimers, two ligand-binding domain ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep19082
更新日期:2016-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::We show that ATM kinase inhibition using AZ31 prior to 9 or 9.25 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) reduced median time to moribund in mice to 8 days. ATR kinase inhibition using AZD6738 prior to TBI did not reduce median time to moribund. The striking finding associated with ATM inhibition prior to TBI was increased cry...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep41892
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00