Abstract:
:Researchers studying both cellular and viral disease agents in the laboratory have become infected since the early days of microbiology 150 years ago. However, in the early 21st century, new concerns about bioweapons being used to generate terror and also with a series of newly emerging or newly understood disease-causing microbes have resulted in infections and deaths of workers studying these microbes in the laboratory, generally to gain understanding and to develop treatments and vaccines. Here, five examples are summarized: (i) smallpox virus escaped from a UK laboratory where it was being maintained and stored, (ii) the 2014 infections and deaths of five researchers who were isolating West African Ebola virus for DNA sequencing epidemiology studies, (iii) and (iv) two recent infections that happened in the same US laboratory where researchers were infected with agents causing septicemic Yersinia plague and Bacillus anthrax and (v) the 2012 death in California from laboratory infection by Neisseria meningitidis resulting in spinal meningitis.
journal_name
FEMS Microbiol Lettjournal_title
FEMS microbiology lettersauthors
Silver Sdoi
10.1093/femsle/fnu008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-6issue
1eissn
0378-1097issn
1574-6968pii
fnu008journal_volume
362pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::D-(-)-3-Hydroxybutyrate (3HB) oligomer hydrolase was purified from Paracoccus denitrificans. The enzyme was a monomeric protein with an approximate molecular mass of 31 kDa. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 5.2. Optimum temperature and pH were 35-40 degrees C and 8.0, respectively. The enzyme activity was not a...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11006.x
更新日期:2002-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::The insertion sequence ISRm8 was identified by sequence analysis of the cryptic plasmid pRmeGR4b of Sinorhizobium meliloti GR4. ISRm8 is 1451 bp in length and carries 22/24-bp terminal imperfect inverted repeats with seven mismatches and a direct target site duplication of 3 bp. ISRm8 carries a unique open reading fra...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb12804.x
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a large-scale gene disruption screen of Magnaporthe oryzae, a gene MoST1 encoding a protein belonging to the hexose transporter family was identified as a gene required for conidiation and culture pigmentation. The gene MoST1 located on chromosome V of the M. oryzae genome was predicted to be 1892 bp in length with...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/1574-6968.12369
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to obtain functional expression of PHA synthase gene phaC2 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Escherichia coli, the coding region of phaC2 was subcloned, including the ribosomal binding site, into pBluescript SK- collinear to the lac promoter. This plasmid pBHR71-C2 enabled functional expression of phaC2 in E. co...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12767.x
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abstract::We have constructed a very efficient synthesis and secretion system for cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) of Vibrio cholerae 569B using Bacillus-brevis. The constructed expression-secretion vector has the multiple promoters and the signal peptide coding region of the mwp gene, a structural gene for one of the major cell w...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rod-shaped Alphaproteobacteria possessing long prosthecae-like appendages have been detected abundantly in biofilms attaching onto anode graphite of cellulose-fed microbial fuel cells (MFCs). To identify their ecological roles, the present study isolated a corresponding bacterium (strain Mfc52) by direct plating of a ...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01326.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endpolygalacturonase I from Stereum purpureum has been identified as a causative substance for the silver-leaf disease in apples. It possesses a unique pro-sequence in the C-terminal region that lacks endpolygalacturonases from any other origin. In this study, we analyzed and compared enzymatic characteristics between...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/femsle/fnv134
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Bacillus subtilis, carbon catabolite control is mediated by the regulatory protein CcpA. In addition to loss of catabolite repression, ccpA mutants exhibit a severe growth defect. They are not able to grow with glucose and ammonium as single sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively. Only ccpA mutant strains car...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10830.x
更新日期:2001-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::The lipoate acetyltransferase (E2p) subunits of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex of Escherichia coli have three tandemly repeated lipoyl domains, although net deletions of one or two has no apparent effect on the activity of the purified complexes. Plasmids containing IPTG-inducible aceEF-lpd operons, which en...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb14047.x
更新日期:1992-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Two isolates, belonging to a new species of a novel genus of the Phylum "Deinococcus/Thermus ", were recovered from hot spring runoffs on the Island of São Miguel in the Azores. Strains RQ-24(T) and TU-8 are the first cultured representatives of a distinct phylogenetic lineage within this phylum. These strains form or...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.femsle.2005.05.002
更新日期:2005-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Recent molecular approaches for the study of microbial communities such as PCR-cloning have enabled the detection and identification of as-yet-unculturable taxa. Cloning and sequencing of multiple samples is extremely laborious and expensive to perform thoroughly due to the large diversity involved. For this purpose, ...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.femsle.2005.09.048
更新日期:2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::In Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), rifampicin resistance is almost invariably due to mutations in the rpoB gene, whose function is critical for cell viability. Most of these mutations, at least initially, impair the fitness of the bacteria but confer a selective advantage when antibiotic pressure is exerted. Subsequ...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00905.x
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In haloarchaea, a cluster of three genes is localized directly adjacent to the major replication origin, and, hence, the encoded proteins were annotated as 'origin-associated proteins' (Oap). However, prior to this study, no experimental data were available for these conserved hypothetical proteins. Bioinformatic anal...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/femsle/fnz238
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methods for in vivo monitoring of redox changes in different cellular compartments have been developed in recent years, and are mostly based on redox-sensitive variants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). However, due to the thermodynamic stability of the introduced reactive disulfide bond, these sensors are limit...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.01935.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein A from the Staphylococcus aureus strain V8 has a molecular mass about 8000 Da less than that of known proteins A. The corresponding gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Sequence analysis of this structurally new protein A revealed that it lacked an IgG-binding domain (58 amino acids), and that it...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-1097(92)90554-2
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alternaria brassicicola is a pathogen that penetrates directly through the host cuticle thanks to several serine esterases, according to our findings. Among these, an 80-kDa lipase (E.C 3.1.1. 3) was detected by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting in the water washings of ungerminated spores. The purified lipase cross-reacted...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08794.x
更新日期:1999-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Carboxy (C)-terminal processing proteases (CTP) are a relatively new group of serine proteases. Found in a broad range of organisms - bacteria, archaea, algae, plants and animals - these proteases are involved in the C-terminal processing of proteins. In comparison with amino-terminal processing of bacterial proteins,...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.02181.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific non-typhoid Salmonella serovars carry large virulence plasmids that promote sustained extra-intestinal infections. These plasmids all share a highly conserved 8-kb region containing the spv operon, consisting of the regulatory spvR locus and the four structural spvABCD genes. The SpvR protein belongs to the L...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07253.x
更新日期:1994-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have performed amplified-fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting on a collection of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains with a restriction endonuclease combination (BglII and MfeI) that has previously been used successfully for typing Campylobacter jejuni isolates with high re...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09200.x
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The commercialization of the n-butanol bioprocess is largely dependent on the price of feedstocks. Renewable cellulose appears to be an appealing feedstock. The microbial production of n-butanol still remains challenging because of the limited availability of intracellular NADH. To address this issue, an Escherichia c...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/femsle/fnw008
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Tat machinery catalyzes the transport of folded proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane in bacteria and the thylakoid membrane in plants. Transport occurs only in the presence of an electric field (Δψ) and/or a pH (ΔpH) gradient, and thus, Tat transport is considered to be dependent on the proton motive force (pm...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/femsle/fny123
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enteritidis isolated from poultry infections generated a convoluted colonial morphology after 48 h growth on colonisation factor antigen (CFA) agar at 25 degrees C. A mutant S. enteritidis defective for the elaboration of the SEF17 fimbrial antigen, in which the agf gene cluster was inactivated by insertion...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10460.x
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::From the nisZ gene sequence, a non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled DNA probe, was tested for detection of nisin-producing strains using polymerase chain reaction amplification. The digoxigenin-labeled DNA probe clearly discriminated between nisin-producing and non-producing strains with a high degree of sensitivity an...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13410.x
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regulation of nitrogen assimilation was investigated in the Gram-positive actinomycete Corynebacterium glutamicum. Biochemical studies and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that glutamine synthetase activity is regulated via adenylylation in this organism. The genes encoding the central signal transduction protei...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13518.x
更新日期:1999-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The multiple antibiotic resistance operon (marRAB) is a member of the multidrug resistance (mdr) systems. Similar to other mdr systems, this operon when induced encodes resistance to structurally and functionally unrelated antibiotics. marRAB has been shown to be conserved in the family Enterobacteriaceae, but within ...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09153.x
更新日期:2000-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fungi of the genus Fusarium are important plant pathogens and contaminants of cereal grains producing different types of mycotoxins. Enniatins are a group of mycotoxins with ionophoric properties frequently detected in North European grains. Within the Fusarium complex responsible for grain infection, Fusarium avenace...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.02145.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenylate kinase isoenzymes localised in the mitochondria and in the cytosol have been detected in extracts of glucose-grown Aspergillus nidulans using specific staining after electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. The isoenzymes have similar Km values for AMP, ADP and MgATP2- but may differ in the mechanism used for i...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-1097(91)90146-2
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adhesion-promoting proteins (APP) (molecular mass approx. 300 kDa), which promote adhesion of Streptococcus mutans JBP (serotype c) to hydroxyapatite, were isolated from human submandibular-sublingual (SMSL) saliva by gel filtration on a Trisacryl GP2000 M column. The effects of hexoses, pentoses, methyl-pentoses,...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-1097(91)90639-r
更新日期:1991-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Methanogenic archaea conserve energy for growth by reducing some one- and two-carbon compounds to methane and concomitantly generating an ion motive force. Growth of Methanosarcina acetivorans on carbon monoxide (CO) is peculiar as it involves formation of, besides methane, formate, acetate and methylated thiols. It h...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01492.x
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the possibility of nonconjugative lateral DNA transfer in a colony biofilm of mixed Escherichia coli strains. By simply coculturing a plasmid-free F(-) strain and another F(-) strain harboring a nonconjugative plasmid in a colony biofilm on antibiotic-free agar media, transformed cells were produced within 2...
journal_title:FEMS microbiology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2005.00072.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00