Abstract:
:Glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is the most potent trophic factor for motoneuron survival and neuromuscular junction formation. GDNF is upregulated in injured or denervated skeletal muscle and returns to normal levels following reinnervation. However, the mechanism by which GDNF is regulated in denervated muscle is not well understood. The nerve-derived neurotransmitter calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is upregulated following neuromuscular injury and is subsequently released from motoneurons at the neuromuscular junction. CGRP also promotes nerve regeneration, but the mechanism is not well understood. The current study investigates whether this increase in CGRP regulates GDNF, thus playing a key role in promoting regeneration of injured nerves. This study demonstrates that CGRP increases GDNF secretion without affecting its transcription or translation. Rat L6 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes and subsequently treated with CGRP. GDNF mRNA expression levels were quantified by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and secreted GDNF was quantified in the conditioned medium by ELISA. CGRP treatment increased secreted GDNF protein without altering GDNF mRNA levels. The translational inhibitor cycloheximide did not affect CGRP-induced GDNF secreted protein levels, whereas the secretional inhibitor brefeldin A blocked the CGRP-induced increase in GDNF. This study highlights the importance of injury-induced upregulation of CGRP by exposing its ability to increase GDNF levels and demonstrates a secretional mechanism for regulation of this key regeneration-promoting neurotrophic factor.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Rosa E,Cha J,Bain JR,Fahnestock Mdoi
10.1002/jnr.23512subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-03-01 00:00:00pages
514-20issue
3eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
93pub_type
杂志文章abstract::People showing symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often present an impairment of reaction time and response inhibition. These executive functions are influenced by nicotinergic acetylcholine receptors (nAchr) as mediators of cholinergic signaling, and show differences between both sexes. We ex...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24342
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the use of an antiserum directed against the human smooth muscle-associated protein 8 (SMAP8) fragment SMAP8(98-138), Western blot and immunohistochemical studies revealed SMAP8 expression in the rat brain. A band with a molecular size of about 45 kDa was detected in tissues from the rat hypothalamus and a weaker...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21315
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have observed significantly lower kinetic parameters (KM and Vmax) for methionine adenosyltransferase activity in erythrocytes obtained from early onset schizophrenics when compared to samples from normal subjects. These differences are apparently not due to differences in S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) utilization. Th...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490080113
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic lead exposure during development is known to produce learning deficits. In the present study, we investigated the effects of developmental exposure to lead on spatial memory, as shown in the Morris water maze, and on expression of inducible cyclooxygenase-2 protein in the hippocampi of male rats. Rats were sep...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21423
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. A deficiency of GABAergic inhibition mediated via the GABAA receptor complex has for a long time been suspected to be a central factor in epileptogenesis. Status epilepticus is a condition of sustained and prolonged excitation of...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19981215)54:6<863::AID-JNR
更新日期:1998-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Dissociated embryonic rat ventral mesencephalon containing the developing A8-A10 dopamine (DA) neurons was cultured alone or in the presence of a 10 mm segment of adult rat sciatic nerve that had been explanted and maintained in separate culture for 72 hours prior to introduction to mesencephalic cultures. Nerve segme...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490270318
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Embryonic central nervous system neuroepithelial cells are a transient population of cells that give rise to neuronal and glial progenitors. In the E12-E16 embryonic rat spinal neural tube we have identified neuroepithelial cells as radially oriented cells expressing the GD3 ganglioside as recognized by the monoclonal...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19960901)45:5<549::AID-JNR
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical or total brain cultures of microglia are commonly used as a model to study the inflammatory processes in Parkinson's disease. Here we characterize microglia cultures from rat ventral midbrain and evaluate their response to zymosan A. We used specific markers of microglia and evaluated the morphology, the phag...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22219
更新日期:2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-linking of alpha-synuclein and Lewy body formation have been implicated in the dopaminergic neuronal cell death observed in Parkinson's disease (PD); the mechanisms responsible, however, are not clear. Reactive oxygen species and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been found in the intracellular, alpha-...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21644
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combination of nerve growth factor (NGF) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) rapidly induced the locomotion of PC12 cells by sequentially stimulating lamellar spreading, ruffling with pinocytosis, and polarization by retraction from the substratum. During migration, cells acquired long processes as a result ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19960515)44:4<308::AID-JNR
更新日期:1996-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally recognized that lipid peroxides play an important role in the pathogenesis of several diseases and that sulfhydryl groups are critically involved in cellular defense against endogenous or exogenous oxidants. Recent evidence indicates that lipid peroxides directly participate in induction of cytoprotect...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10177
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotinates, pantothenates, riboflavin, vitamins B6 and B12' free (acetyl) and total (free and bound) choline, biopterin, thiamin, biotin, methylated and nonmethylated folates in frontal, temporal, precentral, postcentral, and occipital cortex, thalamus, cerebellum, pons, basal ganglia, and substantia nigra were estim...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490110409
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventeen white patients from the Stanford Sleep Disorders Clinic complaining of excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) were selected for restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) studies. Fourteen of the patients with clinically diagnosed narcolepsy were seropositive for DR2. RFLP analysis of these patients compare...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490180134
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tachykinin, substance P, has long been associated with transmission of noxious stimuli. However, relatively little is known about signal transduction pathways subserving peptidergic regulation in sensory neurons. To investigate whether cyclic AMP (cAMP) could be a potential second messenger subserving substance P ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(20000301)59:5<624::AID-JNR
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abdominal muscle electromyograms were monitored in response to graded mechanical loads added to either inspiration or expiration in anesthetized cats. The surgical preparation, the apparatus, and the levels of loads applied (resistive, tracheal occlusion, and continuous positive pressure) were matched with those emplo...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490130413
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscarinic cholinergic receptors of the M5 subtype are expressed by dopamine-containing neurons of the ventral tegmentum. These M5 receptors modulate the activity of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, which play an important role in mediating reinforcing properties of abused psychostimulants like cocaine. The potential ro...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10728
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the structural neural substrates that may contribute to sex differences in risk-taking propensity (RTP). A close association between risk-seeking behavior and the emotional-regulation network led us to hypothesize that the sex differences in RTP would be associated with sex differences in brain m...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24504
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemia elicits a variety of stress responses in neuronal cells, which result in cell death. wld(S) Mice bear a mutation that significantly delays Wallerian degeneration. This mutation also protects all neuronal cells against other types of stresses resulting in cell death, including ischemia. To clarify the types of...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22792
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroepithelial b2T cells were derived from the hindbrain and the spinal cord of mouse transgenic embryos, which expressed SV40 T antigen under the control of a Hoxb2 enhancer. Strikingly, b2T cell lines of either origin exhibit a very similar gene expression pattern, including markers of the hindbrain and the spinal ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10716
更新日期:2003-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The interleukin (IL)-15-dependent immune responses of murine microglia were strongly affected by low concentrations of the ganglioside GD3. The ganglioside binding to IL-15 inhibited the proinflammatory effects of the cytokine, reducing IL-15-dependent T-cell proliferation as well as mRNA expression for IL-15Ralpha, p...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20777
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in initiating intracellular type I interferon (IFN)-mediated innate immunity against viral infections. We examined whether human neuronal cells (primary human neurons, NT2-N and CHP-212 cells) express TLRs and mount type I IFN-mediated innate immunity against herpes si...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22110
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuron expression of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), and the regulation of the levels of TNF by alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor activation were investigated. Adult rat hippocampal neurons and phorbol ester (PMA)-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were examined. Intracellular levels of TNF mRNA accumulation, as ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10101
更新日期:2002-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study was undertaken in order to establish the presence of pluripotential neuroblasts in the developing chick CNS. This has been suggested by our previous observations that expression of emerging neuronal phenotypes in the chick embryo CNS is affected by exposure to neurotrophic substances (i.e., GHRH, SRIF, NGF,...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490410516
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether one or more opioid receptor types might be preferentially involved in gliogenesis, primary mixed glial cultures derived from mouse cerebra were continuously treated with varying concentrations of opioid agonists selective for mu (mu), i.e., DAGO ([D-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]enkephalin), delta (delta...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490290415
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The male preponderance in autism prevalence has brought together the disparate topics of sex/gender and autism research. Two directions of neuroimaging studies on the relationships between sex/gender and autism may inform male-specific risk mechanisms and female-specific protective mechanisms of autism. First, we revi...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.23948
更新日期:2017-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::In the following review, we address difficulties that have arisen when attempting to convert the myelin multilayers into vesicles. The emphasis is on CNS myelin of adult mammals although both central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin are considered. The ability to prepare vesicle of myeli...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.490410202
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal 2C3 specific to β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers (AβOs) enabled us to test our hypothesis that the alteration of lipoprotein-Aβ interaction in the central nervous system (CNS) initiates and/or accelerates the cascade favoring Aβ assembly. Immunoprecipitation of frontal cortex employing 2C3 unequivocally detected so...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22615
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of rat C6 rat glioma cells exhibit a diminished response to isoproterenol and forskolin after being treated with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDbU). An IC50 for PDbU of 38 +/- 5 nM and 62 +/- 8 nM was observed in the isoproterenol and forskolin response, respectively. Similarly, C6 cultures exhibited a diminishe...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490250110
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice heterozygously deficient in the major myelin component P0 are an established model of an inherited neuropathy and show signs of myelin degeneration in motor nerves. Unlike the case in patients, the sensory nerves are only mildly affected in the mouse mutants and do not show features indicative of myelin degenerat...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10115
更新日期:2002-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently demonstrated that brain plastic events significantly modify synaptic protein synthesis measured by the incorporation of [(35)S]methionine in brain synaptosomal proteins. Notably, in rats learning a two-way active avoidance task, the local synthesis of two synaptic proteins was selectively enhanced. Be...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22037
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00