Abstract：
:During much of the past century, the microbe itself stood at the heart of microbial pathogenesis. Little thought was devoted to the host per se, though it was granted that differences in susceptibility to certain infections did exist between individuals, and between different ethnic groups. During the past 20 years, extraordinary strides in our grasp of mammalian genetics have made the host side of the equation far more approachable. A restricted collection of genes now presents itself as the likely repository for genetic differences that foretell susceptibility to infectious disease. The Toll-like receptors, of which 10 are presently known to exist in humans, offer an excellent example of this genetic reductionism, in that they embody the afferent component of the innate immune system, and strongly influence the containment of an infection from its earliest stages. The Toll-like receptors were identified as the culmination of a long and relentless inquiry into the yet-unsolved clinical problem of sepsis.
journal_name
Curr Infect Dis Repjournal_title
Current infectious disease reportsauthors
Beutler B,Ulevitch RJdoi
10.1007/s11908-007-1009-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
419-26issue
5eissn
1523-3847issn
1534-3146journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In the United States each year, influenza accounts for an estimated 20,000 to 40,000 deaths, nearly 300,000 hospitalizations, and millions of days lost from work. In the past few years, there has been an explosion of information in the medical literature related to influenza. This paper reviews these latest developmen...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-000-0039-3
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorders that share a common spongiform histopathology. TSEs may be transmitted in a sporadic, familial, iatrogenic, or zoonotic fashion. The putative infectious agent of TSE, the prion, represents a novel paradigm of...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-004-0053-y
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Modern advances in malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) technology have increased demand for low-cost, easy-to-use assays in areas endemic for malaria. Substantial developments in diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, improvements in non-falciparum RDTs, and novel biotechnological innovations are gra...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11908-018-0655-4
更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Although highly active antiretroviral therapy suppresses HIV replication resulting in extraordinary clinical benefits, toxicity, adherence difficulties, and the monetary cost of medications limit the long-term effectiveness and availability of therapy for many HIV-infected individuals. Strategies to interrupt therapy ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-002-0059-2
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in postmenopausal women; the estimated incidence ranges from 4% to 15%. The clinical presentation of UTI is somewhat different in postmenopausal older women than it is in younger women: postmenopausal women are less likely to report frequency, dysuria, hematuria, and fever, but ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-999-0043-1
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rates of syphilis continue to increase in the United States and HIV-infected patients make up a large proportion of cases. The interaction between syphilis and HIV is complex and still incompletely understood. Although diagnosis and management of HIV-infected patients with syphilis is, in general, similar to HIV-uninf...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-010-0083-6
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in elderly and children. Vitamin C is known as a physiological antioxidant, regulating innate immune system in the lung. Vitamin C has been used to prevent and treat CAP. However, the use of vitamin C for preventing and trea...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11908-016-0530-0
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a well-described phenomenon in HIV-infected patients following initiation of antiretroviral therapy and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in some patients. Risk for IRIS is enhanced in those with low CD4 counts and preexisting opportunistic infect...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-012-0308-y
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclosporiasis is a food- and water-borne infection that affects healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Awareness of the disease has increased, and outbreaks continue to be reported among vulnerable hosts and now among local residents in endemic areas. Advances in molecular techniques have improved identification ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-009-0016-4
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapy of cryptococcal meningitis has been focused primarily on optimizing the antifungal regimen to improve the previously high treatment failure rates. Until recently, relatively little attention has been paid to the impact of increased intracranial pressure, which is a frequent problem that complicates management ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-002-0026-y
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eosinophilia in patients exposed to tropical or subtropical environments is caused most commonly by helminth (worm) infections. Besides a detailed exposure history, the diagnostic approach must consider other infections and noninfectious causes of eosinophilia, as treatments for many of these disorders differ. ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-006-0034-4
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:About 1% of all patients with end-stage renal disease in the United States are infected with HIV. With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV death rates have declined 80%, and chronic diseases resulting from HIV have replaced opportunistic infections as the leading cause of death among ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-009-0078-3
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial meningitis is a complex disorder in which neurologic injury is caused, in part, by the causative organism and, in part, by the host's own inflammatory response. In studies of experimental bacterial meningitis, adjuvant treatment with corticosteroids, specifically dexamethasone, has beneficial effects. On the...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-005-0061-6
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungi are common inhabitants of the oral and nasal mucosa, and therefore the differentiation between colonization and pathogenicity in the setting of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms can be difficult. Fungal head and neck infections occur in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons, and patients wi...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-002-0078-z
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical toxinology is a specialized area of clinical medicine focused on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases caused by animal, plant, and fungal toxins. This review focuses on recent developments in snakebite. Snakebite is newly recognized as a Neglected Tropical Disease by the World...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-011-0172-1
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common clinical syndrome in women. Most UTIs are caused by Escherichia coli. UTI has become a productive and accessible model system for studying the molecular details of how bacteria interact with mucosal surfaces and the nature of the host response. Important advances in the past y...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-006-0021-9
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antiretroviral therapy (ART) does not eliminate HIV-1 from latently infected reservoirs, and this remains the critical obstacle to the eradication of infection. Although ART is effective in suppressing viral load, life-long ART is burdensome in many respects. Given expanding numbers of HIV-infected individuals on ART ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-014-0392-2
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pouchitis is an inflammatory complication after restorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). IPAA is the surgical treatment of choice in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who require colectomy. Initial episodes of acute pouchitis generally respond to antibiotics but significant numbers of c...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-014-0442-9
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria is a devastating disease, inflicting epidemic morbidity and mortality with an estimated 500 million cases and 2.5 million deaths annually. Children suffer the most severe morbidity; one child dies of malaria every 30 seconds, accounting for over 1 million of the deaths annually. There continues to be a tremend...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-003-0064-0
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, substantial advances have been achieved in the treatment of mucormycosis. It is now clear that early initiation of therapy results in substantially better outcomes, underscoring the need to maintain a high index of suspicion and aggressively biopsy potential lesions. Increasing data support the need f...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-010-0129-9
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:All of the endemic mycoses have cutaneous and mucocutaneous manifestations that are most commonly seen when patients have disseminated infection. Biopsy of skin lesions is simple and safe and can assist in making a timely diagnosis of disseminated infection. Primary cutaneous inoculation infection has been reported wi...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-013-0352-2
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroimaging studies have revealed that neurocysticercosis is a major cause of neurologic disease in most developing countries and is an emerging disease in industrialized areas. Patients with neurocysticercosis present mainly with seizures (parenchymal form) or intracranial hypertension (ventricular/subarachnoid form...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-999-0055-x
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is still associated with a large burden and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Besides universal vaccination and antibiotic treatment, statins as adjunctive therapy may also have a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of CAP. Our goal from thi...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11908-017-0581-x
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dermatologic manifestations of travel-related illness are particularly vexing due to the broad differential diagnosis and clinicians' unfamiliarity with uncommonly seen diseases. This paper aims to educate and update the reader on selected infectious diseases in the returned traveler whose disease manifestations are p...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-015-0467-8
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews techniques of rapid testing and the effective diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis. Despite 50 years' study of streptococcal pharyngitis and 20 years' experience with rapid tests for its diagnosis, the subject continues to evolve. Rapid diagnostic tests have become more sensitive. Experts now co...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-004-0006-5
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungal endocarditis (FE) is an increasingly prevalent and devastating disease in today's highly advancing medical practice. With more patients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics or invasive interventions including long-term central venous catheters or prosthetic heart valve placements, FE is increasingly reported. R...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-008-0045-4
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections have been reported with increasing frequency from many parts of the world. Most infections involve the skin and soft tissue structures, and CA-MRSA is now the most commonly identifiable cause of purulent skin and soft tissue infectio...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-007-0061-9
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three newer oral antifungal agents, itraconazole, terbinafine and fluconazole, have revolutionized treatment of superficial mycoses. The tissue pharmacokinetics of itraconazole and terbinafine allow much shorter courses of therapy- with higher efficacy-in the treatment of onychomycosis, compared to other oral agents. ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-000-0074-0
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two million of the 15 million (13.3%) new cases of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among persons 15 to 49 years old occur in pregnant women. Access to care and a provider's ability to assess risk, screen, and treat STIs are critical factors in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Significant variations in pro...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-007-0008-1
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare cause of purulent vulvovaginal ulceration. Six recent cases of vulvovaginal pyoderma gangrenosum associated with rituximab are described. All cases were seen in the setting of rituximab used for the treatment of B cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Age range was 50-74; symptoms were...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-015-0478-5
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
