Morphology of seahorse head hydrodynamically aids in capture of evasive prey.

Abstract:

:Syngnathid fish (seahorses, pipefish and sea dragons) are slow swimmers yet capture evasive prey (copepods) using a technique known as the 'pivot' feeding, which involves rapid movement to overcome prey escape capabilities. However, this feeding mode functions only at short range and requires approaching very closely to hydrodynamically sensitive prey without triggering an escape. Here we investigate the role of head morphology on prey capture using holographic and particle image velocimetry (PIV). We show that head morphology functions to create a reduced fluid deformation zone, minimizing hydrodynamic disturbance where feeding strikes occur (above the end of the snout), and permits syngnathid fish to approach highly sensitive copepod prey (Acartia tonsa) undetected. The results explain how these animals can successfully employ short range 'pivot' feeding effectively on evasive prey. The need to approach prey with stealth may have selected for a head shape that produces lower deformation rates than other fish.

journal_name

Nat Commun

journal_title

Nature communications

authors

Gemmell BJ,Sheng J,Buskey EJ

doi

10.1038/ncomms3840

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-01-01 00:00:00

pages

2840

issn

2041-1723

pii

ncomms3840

journal_volume

4

pub_type

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