Abstract:
:Single unit recordings were used to map the spatial distribution of motor (MI) cortical influences on thalamic somatosensory relay nuclei in the rat. A total of 215 microelectrode penetrations were made to record single neurons in tracks through the medial and lateral ventroposterior (VPM and VPL), ventrolateral (VL), reticular (nRt), and posterior (Po) thalamic nuclei. Single units were classified according to their: 1) location within the nuclei, 2) receptive fields, and 3) response to standardized microstimulation in deep layers of the forepaw-forelimb areas of MI cortex. For mapping purposes, only short latency (1-7 msec) excitatory neuronal responses to the MI cortex stimulation were considered. Percentages of recorded thalamic neurons responsive to the MI stimulation varied considerably across nuclei: VL: 42.6%, nRt: 23.0%, VPL: 15.7%, VPM: 9.3%, and Po: 3.9%. Within the VPL, most responsive neurons were found in "border" regions, i.e., areas adjacent to the VL, and (to a lesser extent) the nRt and Po thalamic nuclei. The same parameters of MI cortical stimulation were used in studies of corticofugal modulation of afferent transmission through the VPL thalamus. A condition-test (C-T) paradigm was implemented in which the cortical stimulation (C) was delivered at a range of time intervals before test (T) mechanical vibratory stimulation was applied to digit No. 4 of the contralateral forepaw. The time course of MI cortical effects was analyzed by measuring the averaged evoked unit responses of the thalamic neurons to the T stimuli, and plotting them as a function of C-T intervals from 5-50 msec. Of the 30 VPL neurons tested during MI stimulation, the average response to T stimulation was decreased a mean 43%, with the suppression peaking at about 30 msec after the C stimulus. This suppression was more pronounced in the VPL border areas (-52% in areas adjacent to VL and nRt) than in the VPL center (-25%).
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Shin HC,Chapin JKdoi
10.1016/0361-9230(90)90213-jsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-02-01 00:00:00pages
257-65issue
2eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
0361-9230(90)90213-Jjournal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The presence of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is described within specific regions of the adult rat pituitary gland. Immune staining methods revealed a small number of GDNF-immunopositive cells in the anterior lobe, and in areas of the neural lobe, while no immunoreactive endocrine cells were obse...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00242-2
更新日期:2000-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered the primary cause of neuropathic pain. Osthole (7-methoxy-8[3-methylpent 2-enyl]coumarin) is a component extracted from Cnidium monnieri (L.) cusson plant seeds and has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of o...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.08.008
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the second decade of this century it has been known that opiates can influence ingestive behaviors. Generally, opioid agents enhance feeding and opioid antagonists decrease feeding. The present paper reviews the responsiveness of different animal species to opiates in relation to ingestive behaviors, the opioid ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(85)90116-9
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The volume and neuron number of the sexually dimorphic accessory olfactory bulb and locus coeruleus are altered by early postnatal exposure (from the day of birth to postnatal day 16) to diazepam. After diazepam treatment, both volume and neuron number were decreased in the male accessory olfactory bulb and in the fem...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(91)90255-i
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathomechanisms involved in the neuronal dysfunction in Huntington disease (HD) are still unresolved and may be heterogeneous. One potential mechanism might be related to the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in the CNS. This might lead firstly to neuronal dysfunction and finally to the activation of apoptoti...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.10.020
更新日期:2007-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::After spinal cord injury (SCI) of the cat or rat neuronal centres below the level of lesion exhibit plasticity that can be exploited by specific training paradigms. In individuals with complete or incomplete SCI, human spinal locomotor centers can be activated by appropriate afferent input. This includes to facilitate...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0361-9230(08)00410-3
更新日期:2009-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Arachidonic acid [20:4(N-6)] has been implicated in neurological damage induced by cerebral ischaemia. Membrane arachidonate concentrations can be reduced by changes in dietary fat intake. Therefore, in the present study, we have investigated the effects of N-3 fatty acid supplementation on neuronal damage induced by ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(93)90180-j
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent in vivo electrophysiological studies in our laboratory demonstrated medial thalamus (MT) induced short-term facilitation in the middle layers of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The aim of the present study was to investigate different forms of short-term plasticity (STP) in layer II/III of the ACC in an in...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.10.011
更新日期:2007-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common neurological disease, causing severe disability and even deaths. Stem cell transplantation has been increasingly used in stroke therapy, and neural stem cells (NSCs) are a good source for stem cell transplantation. However, the regulatory mechanism of NSCs remains unclear. In...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.026
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a low protein diet during gestation, lactation, and after weaning on the anatomical development of a subcortical nucleate formation, the neostriatum, and a reticulate formation, the diagonal band of Broca, were studied. At 10, 30, and 90 days the volume of the neostriatum was decreased in the experiment...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(78)90073-4
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purinergic signaling system, including P2 receptors, plays an important role in various central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Over the last few decades, a substantial amount of accumulated data suggest that most P2 receptor subtypes (P2X1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7, and P2Y1, 2, 6, 12, and 13) regulate neuronal/neurogli...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.030
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unilateral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) cause significant bilateral increases in striatal proenkephalin (PEK) mRNA in rat brain. We have tested the possibility that implantation of fetal mesencephalic cells can normalize these changes. Two types of grafts were used: 1) embryonic day-15 mesencephalic cells ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(91)90050-t
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats implanted with electrodes for polygraphic recording were deprived of REM sleep for 24 hr. Following REM sleep deprivation animals were injected with quipazine maleate (7.5 mg/kg IP) and were polygraphically recorded for 48 hr. The results show that quipazine reduces REM sleep rebound and that it has a biphasic ef...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(82)90067-3
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is described for the removal of discrete areas of the monkey brain. A detailed mapping of norepinephrine, dopamine, choline acetyltransferase and glutamic acid decarboxylase in the newborn and pubescent monkey brain is presented. ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(80)80016-5
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two experiments of the present study examined the influence of bilateral electrophysiologically-guided ibotenic acid lesions of the medial (gustatory) and lateral (viscerosensory) subdivisions of the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) on lipoprivic feeding and on the acquisition of a conditioned taste aversion. In Experim...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00766-9
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using immunohistochemistry for serotonin (5-HT) after administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), we have demonstrated the existence of a particular group of 5-HT accumulating neurons in the posterior hypothalamus of the rat and cat. This cluster of neurons, which we termed "5-HT immunoreactive (IR) posterior hypot...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(84)90153-9
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal immune activation during pregnancy is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia; however, a full mechanistic understanding has yet to be established. The activity of a transient cell population, the subplate neurons, is critical for the development of cortical inhibition and functi...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.10.006
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efferent projections from the basal forebrain to the cat's cerebral cortex were traced with the retrograde horseradish peroxidase technique. Different areas of the cerebral cortex of 51 cats were injected with small amounts of horseradish peroxidase. The entire basal forebrain was screened for labeled neurons. Followi...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(84)90165-5
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we showed for the first time the localization of ZNT7 immunoreactivity in the mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) by means of immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Our results revealed that ZNT7 immunoreactivity was abundantly expressed in the nerve cells of the mouse DRG. Str...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.06.022
更新日期:2007-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mature brain. At an early developmental period, it acts in an excitatory manner that influences many processes of proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the neurons. Previous evidence indicated that manipulation of the GABAergi...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.01.006
更新日期:2021-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that cholinergic grafts derived from the medial septal nucleus are capable of restoring behavioral function in rats with lesions that sever the cholinergic inputs to the hippocampal formation. In this study, we demonstrate that intrahippocampal grafts of cholinergic-rich striatal tissue als...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(92)90020-x
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prenatal cocaine exposure has been shown to cause neurobehavioral abnormalities. To determine whether effects on basic patterns of cell development underlie these functional deficits, we examined the aftermath of acute and chronic cocaine exposure on ontogenetic patterns of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key regulat...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(93)90043-b
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is now generally recognized that interleukin-6 (IL6) is one of the cytokines that mediate the various nonspecific host defense responses to infectious pathogens. Among its now well-demonstrated effects on systemic administration are fever and acute-phase proteinemia. These effects are also activated by the cytokine...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(90)90185-3
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic encephalopathy has recently been recognized late complication of diabetes resulting in progressive cognitive deficits. Emerging evidence has indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic eye and kidney as well as non-diabetic neurodegeneration....
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.12.006
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dynamics of hypothalamic arginine vasopressin (AVP) release was examined during the development of hypertension in rats with deoxycorticosterone (DOCA)-NaCL induced hypertension. Experiments were performed in four groups of uninephrectomized Sprague-Dawley rats 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment with: (I) DOCA a...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(86)90016-x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microtubule associated proteins are a heterogeneous group of proteins that have been implicated in regulating microtubule stability. They play an important role in the organisation of the neuronal cytoskeleton during neurite outgrowth, plasticity and regeneration. The fish visual system presents a considerable degree ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00618-9
更新日期:2001-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::In eleven acute precollicular rats, cortical and hippocampal EEG activity was recorded. Hippocampal theta activity of low frequency (mean 4.5 c/sec) was found in nine rats and in four occupied above 50% of the recording time. In contrast, in the cortex the synchronized EEG activity dominated. The electrical stimulatio...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(89)90006-3
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trisomy of the whole or distal part of human chromosome 21 (HSA 21) (Ts21) results in Down Syndrome (DS), which is characterized in part by mental retardation and associated neurological abnormalities. Structural abnormalities observed frequently include reduced brain weight, decreased number and depth of sulci in the...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(86)90074-2
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axons of retinal ganglion cells showed responses not previously emphasized: (a) many tonic units discharged oscillations, 2--12 spikes per burst, interburst intervals 20--300 msec; (b) phasic units showed concentric or flanking ON and OFF fields, response frequency depended on balance of retinal excitation and inhibit...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(76)90080-0
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of unilateral cortical spreading depression (CSD) on feeding, drinking and other behaviors were studied in rats. CSD waves were elicited by a microinjection of KC1 solution through an implanted cannula. The animal's behavior and slow potential changes (SPC) accompanying CSD were then simultaneously monitor...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(78)90108-9
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00