Abstract：
:The pathomechanisms involved in the neuronal dysfunction in Huntington disease (HD) are still unresolved and may be heterogeneous. One potential mechanism might be related to the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in the CNS. This might lead firstly to neuronal dysfunction and finally to the activation of apoptotic pathways. Several compounds, which should alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction, have been tested in preclinical models as well as in clinical trials of different scale. Recently we reported the efficacy of Ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid (Ethyl-EPA) in patients with HD. Ethyl-EPA is a polyunsaturated fatty acid from the n-3 group, which is in clinical development for HD and melancholic depression. In our trial with Ethyl-EPA in HD responding patients could be characterized by either a lower CAG repeat number or a chorea-predominant clinical expression of the disease. Here we would like to describe some evidence on the potential mechanism of action of Ethyl-EPA in HD. We specifically focus on pathways, which are known to be influenced in HD and are modified by Ethyl-EPA and which points to an involvement of mitochondrial function as a common target. Some attention is given to the NF-kappa B pathway and the c-Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK) pathway, which both may lead to an activation of the antiproliferative factor p53 and consequently mitochondrial dysfunction. Further the effects of EPA or Ethyl-EPA in preclinical models of HD are described. The evidence from these studies led to the design of phase III clinical trials, which are ongoing.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Murck H,Manku Mdoi
10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.10.020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-30 00:00:00pages
159-64issue
2-3eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
S0361-9230(06)00325-Xjournal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:We have examined the effects of the presence of the mutated human presenilin 1 gene (M146L; hps1*) on lesion-induced sprouting in the hippocampus of the mouse (C57/CBA). The entorhinal cortex was unilaterally lesioned with ibotenic acid in adult, male mice. Four weeks later the subsequent axonal sprouting in the denta...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00751-1
更新日期：2002-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy is the lysosome-mediated bulk degradation of cellular components for material recycling to maintain cellular homeostasis. Autophagy was initially regarded as a nonselective process, however, recent evidence indicates that this process can in fact be highly selective, especially for targeting and degrading or...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.11.009
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous cytoarchitectural and electron micrographic studies have indicated that the gustatory zone of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) may contain local circuit neurons. It is known that neurons of the caudal "visceroceptive" NST contain GABA, glutamic acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15), and GABA-transaminase (G...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(88)90202-x
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pattern of NADPH-diaphorase expression was studied in the retina and optic tectum of the cichlid fish Tilapia mariae during the first developmental stages. NADPH-diaphorase activity was seen early, at hatching. In the retina a few cell bodies of the retinal inner nuclear layer showed a faint labeling. Scattered la...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00451-8
更新日期：2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and globus pallidus (GP) are basically involved in the regulation of feeding and metabolic processes. In the LHA, glucose-sensitive (GS) neurons were described: their activity was found to be specifically suppressed by electrophoretic application of glucose, and these neurons appear...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(94)00269-7
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report results of chromatographic, pH titration and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies demonstrating that the bovine pineal antireproductive tripeptide, Thr-Ser-Lys (BPART), binds to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) at a site comprised of LHRH 2-5 (His-Trp-Ser-Tyr). BPART and LHRH hav...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(86)90219-4
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of the lateral, basomedial and basolateral nuclei of the amygdala in 1-28 day old kittens was studied using Golgi morphometric methods. The major finding of this study is the growth of neurons within each of the nuclei of the amygdala examined occurs during the same time period, between 5-14 and 16-18 ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(85)90075-9
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) refers to the delivery of electric current to specific deep brain structures through implanted electrodes. Recently approved for use in United States, DBS to the anterior nucleus of thalamus (ANT) is a safe and effective alternative treatment for medically refractory seizures. De...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.011
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to assess whether changes in the patterns of local field potential (LFP) oscillations of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) underlie to the clinical improvement within 60 s after turning off subthalamic DBS. We studied by spectral analysis the STN LFPs recorded in 13 nuclei from 7 patients with Parkinson's...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.11.012
更新日期：2006-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the behavioral, nutritional, and metabolic events that control dietary intake quality. Two experiments are described that manipulate nutritional conditions that have been hypothesized to affect dietary item choice so as to assess what effect, if any, the added factor of genetic obesity has in mod...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(85)90112-1
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Windup, the frequency dependent build-up of spinal neuronal responses is an electrophysiological model of the development of the central sensitization in the chronic pain states. NR2B subunit containing NMDA-type glutamate receptors are implicated in the windup of dorsal horn neurons, while their role at the motoneuro...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2004.06.002
更新日期：2004-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Promoting remyelination and/or minimizing demyelination are key therapeutic strategies under investigation for diseases and injuries like multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord injury, stroke, and virus-induced encephalopathy. Myelination is essential for efficacious neuronal signaling. This myelination process is origi...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.07.013
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) on monosynaptic population responses in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells were examined in acute rats for several doses and at several post injection time periods. Delta-9-THC enhanced paired pulse inhibition in a dose-dependent manner; however biphasic dose effe...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90042-9
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of lithium chloride on the activity of the afferent nerve fibers from the abdominal organs was studied in anesthetized rats. The administration of the lithium chloride solution (0.15 M) over the mesentery increased afferent discharge rate of the splanchnic and vagal gastric nerve. Injection of the same solu...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(94)90094-9
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of homotypic cortical tissue grafts to induce recovery of function after a gustatory neocortex (GN) lesion was studied using the conditioned taste aversion (CTA) paradigm. On acquisition day, 26 GN-lesioned and 8 sham-lesioned rats were presented with a saccharin solution, followed by an injection of the i...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(88)90222-5
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats implanted with electrodes for polygraphic recording were deprived of REM sleep for 24 hr. Following REM sleep deprivation animals were injected with quipazine maleate (7.5 mg/kg IP) and were polygraphically recorded for 48 hr. The results show that quipazine reduces REM sleep rebound and that it has a biphasic ef...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90067-3
更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After spinal cord injury (SCI) of the cat or rat neuronal centres below the level of lesion exhibit plasticity that can be exploited by specific training paradigms. In individuals with complete or incomplete SCI, human spinal locomotor centers can be activated by appropriate afferent input. This includes to facilitate...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0361-9230(08)00410-3
更新日期：2009-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Regenerative medicine strategies rely on exogenous cell transplantation and/or endogenous cell stimulation. Biomaterials can help to increase the regenerative potential of cells and biomolecules by controlling transplanted cell fate and provide a local, sustained release of biomolecules. In this review, we describe th...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.03.005
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A classical approach to the control of food consumption has been to assume separate mechanisms for the arousal to eat, on the one hand, and the satiation of feeding responses, on the other. The present paper is concerned with a single, and a comparatively simple, neuronal mechanism which is endowed with properties to ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(85)90008-5
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aβ plaques of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are believed to precede cognitive deficits or clinical manifestation by decades. However, validated biomarkers for early diagnosis of the AD disease are still not available. In this present study, we combined MRI-based neuroimages and histological assessment of the glial response...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.01.003
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fetal mouse raphe and hippocampal tissue (from embryos with crown-rump length (CRL) 13-16 mm) was transplanted into adult and aged isogenetic mice to study the growth of serotonergic fibers between host and donor tissue. A specific antibody against serotonin (5-HT) was used to immunocytochemically visualize 5-HT conta...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(81)90122-2
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three sets of experiments have been conducted that suggest that adrenal glucocorticoids play a role in the long-term control of intake and in dietary preferences. First, obesity is dependent upon glucocorticoid-modulated metabolic pathways. Surgical or pharmacological manipulations in obese animals that eliminate or d...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(91)90136-8
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin release was examined in human subjects after lingual applications of D-glucose and its anomers. A dose-dependent increase in the insulin release was noted following the application of equilibrated D-glucose consisting of 36% alpha- and 64% beta-anomer. The response was not reproduced after administration of at...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(86)90126-7
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crested Ducks (CR) occasionally show intracranial fat bodies. Additionally, behavioral abnormalities such as motor incoordination can be observed. Here, it is shown that a behavioral test helps to identify CR that have a problematical fat body. The ducks were put on their backs, and the time required for them to stand...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.03.009
更新日期：2008-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Unit responses to chorda tympani stimulation in urethane anesthetized rats were characterized by response latency and frequency following ability. One hundred and fifty one units responded with constant latencies, mean: 16.9 msec, S.D.: 7.8 msec. Responses recorded from within the superior salivatory nucleus (SSN) had...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90213-7
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A preembedding double immunostaining technique using antibodies against methionine-enkephalin and tyrosine hydroxylase was used to study synaptic relations between enkephalinergic and catecholaminergic neurons in the area postrema of the rat at the electron microscopic level. The large nuclei-containing cell bodies of...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(95)02016-k
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the unanesthetized cat, TRH was injected into the cerebral ventricles (ICV) through chronically implanted cannulae and the nature of the evoked salivation was investigated. TRH injected in doses from 0.1 to 1.0 mg evoked salivation which was not dose-dependent. The antimuscarinic drug atropine as well as the gangli...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(87)90021-9
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The C57BL/6J (B6) inbred mouse strain was compared to the A/J inbred strain for motor activity in an open-field, exploration of a hole-board, motor coordination in the coat-hanger test, and spatial learning in the Morris water maze. B6 mice displayed a higher number of segment crossings in the open-field and of hole-p...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00782-7
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcitonin, a peptide hormone expressed in C-cells of the thyreoid gland, as well as capsaicin, isolated from chili, both, modify intracellular signalling in nociceptive neurones. The pathways triggered by the activation of either of these receptors results in a modulation of the intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) co...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.02.006
更新日期：2011-04-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was conducted to examine the effects of d-amphetamine and the designer drugs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-3-butamine (HMDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-butanamine (BDB), 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-1-ethanamine (MDM1EA) in the chick embryo and the young ch...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(94)90011-6
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
