Abstract：
:Efferent projections from the basal forebrain to the cat's cerebral cortex were traced with the retrograde horseradish peroxidase technique. Different areas of the cerebral cortex of 51 cats were injected with small amounts of horseradish peroxidase. The entire basal forebrain was screened for labeled neurons. Following all injections, retrogradely labeled neurons could be detected in either the medial septum, or the vertical and horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca, or the substantia innominata, or in several of these structures. All three basal forebrain structures project heavily to allocortical regions, but only weakly to neocortical regions. An exception is the medial prefrontal cortex which is densily innervated by the substantia innominata (i.e., comparably dense as allocortical regions are innervated by the substantia innominata). Large injections into he basal temporal cortex (including the perirhinal cortex) and into the insular cortex also led to a considerable number of labeled cells in the substantia innominata. The results indicate a widespread innervation of the cat's cerebral cortex by the basal forebrain. This diffuse projection to the cortex has recently been found also in monkeys and rats. Anatomical and functional implications of these projections in the cat are discussed and related to findings in other species.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Irle E,Markowitsch HJdoi
10.1016/0361-9230(84)90165-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-05-01 00:00:00pages
493-512issue
5eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
0361-9230(84)90165-5journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:With the use of moveable electrodes, 28 rat mesencephalic sites were examined for self-stimulation behavior (SS). The relative importance of each site in SS was established according to (1) a traditional method which consists of comparing sites based on the rates of responding (2) a psychophysical procedure based on t...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90097-1
更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The unique noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant mirtazapine acts antinociceptive. It is optically active and currently marketed as racemate. In an animal model of acute pain it has been shown that the enantiomers exhibit differential effects: the R(-)-enantiomer showed anti-, the S(+)-enantiomer pron...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.12.015
更新日期：2009-04-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrogastrography (EGG) is a noninvasive measurement of stomach activity using surface electrodes positioned over the abdominal surface. For over 10 years, EGG has been used as an objective measure of epigastric symptoms and nausea experienced in visually induced sickness provoked by circularvection. It was reported...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(98)00095-1
更新日期：1998-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Using microdialysis, the effects of endogenous dopamine on basal extracellular concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and on the increases of GABA produced by glutamate were investigated in the medial prefrontal cortex of the awake rat. The dopamine uptake inhibitor nomifensine (1, 100 and 1000 microM), used...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00353-1
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isoflurane (ISO) is an anesthesia and can result in neuron injury. A previous study has indicated that microRNA-302b-3p (miR-302b-3p) exerts a crucial function in modulating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion damage-induced neuronal injury. We sought to examine the role of miR-302b-3p in ISO-induced neuronal injury. In the...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.12.016
更新日期：2020-12-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Proneuropeptide Y (proNPY) is posttranslationally processed to NPY(1-36)amide and the C-terminal flanking peptide of NPY (CPON). Antisera directed against the N-terminal part of NPY, CPON, or CysNPY(32-36)amide were used to identify peptide fragments processed from proNPY in biopsies of human frontal cortical specimen...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90235-4
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two experiments examined the effects of the alpha-2 antagonist L657,743 on monkey electroencephalographic (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP) activity following auditory and visual stimuli. In the first experiment, EEG was recorded before and after the administration of a saline placebo or L657,743 (0.01, 0.05 mg/...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90142-x
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain serotonin (5-HT) levels and accumulation rate within the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) were elevated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats after ovarian steroid treatment, which consisted of estradiol benzoate (EB) followed by progesterone (P) 48 hr later. Some animals were also given the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor pa...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(81)90111-8
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study in piglets was designed to examine cerebrovascular effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and potential mechanisms involved. Anesthetized new-born pigs with closed cranial windows implanted were used. Effects of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors, NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) and amino...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(95)02142-6
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nutritional factors and nutritional deficiencies have been repeatedly associated with cognitive impairment. Most of the evidence is based on cross-sectional studies, which cannot prove whether a nutritional deficit is the cause or the consequence of an impaired cognitive status. In fact, cognitive impairment, in turn,...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.09.020
更新日期：2006-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, multi-electrode array recording was used to examine dorsal horn activity following stimulation of primary afferents in a rat dorsal root attached-spinal cord slice preparation. The multi-electrode array probe was placed under the dorsal horn slice and local field potentials evoked by stimulation ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.04.012
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the groundbreaking work of Ramon y Cajal, the cerebellar Purkinje cell has always represented an ideal model for studying the organization, development and function of synaptic circuits. Purkinje cells receive distinct types of glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses, each characterized by exquisite sub-cellular an...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.10.004
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of the lateral, basomedial and basolateral nuclei of the amygdala in 1-28 day old kittens was studied using Golgi morphometric methods. The major finding of this study is the growth of neurons within each of the nuclei of the amygdala examined occurs during the same time period, between 5-14 and 16-18 ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(85)90075-9
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microinjection of galanin into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus has been reported to predominantly increase dietary fat consumption during the light or late dark periods. However, there have been no studies of the macronutrient-specific effects of galanin administered into the amygdala (AMY). We u...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(95)02086-1
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for constructing a simple spike counter from a conventional calculator by taking advantage of the "adding display to memory" function [(M+) key] is described. The modification involves connecting the (M+) key to a dissecting pin and to a metallic notebook binder which is taped on to a transparent plastic shee...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90017-5
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gestational exposure to nicotine has been shown to interfere with biochemical markers of development of central and peripheral noradrenergic activity. The current study examines the development and function of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors in the offspring of pregnant rats given nicotine infusions of 6 mg/kg/day f...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90066-9
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and globus pallidus (GP) are basically involved in the regulation of feeding and metabolic processes. In the LHA, glucose-sensitive (GS) neurons were described: their activity was found to be specifically suppressed by electrophoretic application of glucose, and these neurons appear...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(94)00269-7
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is described within specific regions of the adult rat pituitary gland. Immune staining methods revealed a small number of GDNF-immunopositive cells in the anterior lobe, and in areas of the neural lobe, while no immunoreactive endocrine cells were obse...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00242-2
更新日期：2000-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Epigenetic processes are involved in regulation of cell functions and survival, but their role in responses of neurons and glial cells to oxidative injury is insufficiently explored. Here, we studied the role of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation in reactions of neurons and surrounding glial cells to photodynam...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.01.005
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the role of the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) in stress-induced prolactin (Prl) release, adult male rats which had received monosodium glutamate (MSG 4 mg/g) on alternate days for the first 10 days of life were subjected to ether stress for 2 min. Blood samples were drawn at 0, 15, 30 and 60 min after e...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90068-0
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder affected by amyloid and vascular pathogenesis. Brain insulin resistance (BIR) has been suggested as one of the pathomechanisms of sporadic AD. We investigated how the amyloid and vascular pathogenesis of AD interacts with BIR. We examined...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.02.012
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the ontogeny of muscarinic depression in the developing rat visual cortex using carbachol (a nonhydrolyzable cholinergic agonist) application to neocortical slices obtained from four postnatal age groups: 9-10 days, 15 days, 30-40 days and 18 months. Carbachol suppressed the evoked synaptic response of laye...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(91)90228-c
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A modified synaptosomal superfusion apparatus is described which uses less than 10 micrograms of tissue per replicate sample and facilitates the routine separation of 3H-DA, 3H-DOPAC, and 3H-HVA. A flow rate of 1.5 ml/min allows superfusion without the use of reuptake or monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Superfusate sampl...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90232-o
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secondary brain injuries following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are mediated by inflammatory pathway activation. The present study aimed to characterize long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are differentially expressed in cerebral tissues during ICH pathogenesis and to investigate their pathogenic functions. An ICH mo...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.04.017
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The projections from the rat medial prefrontal cortex to the amygdaloid complex were investigated using retrograde transport of fluorescent dyes and anterograde transport of horseradish peroxidase-WGA. The ventral anterior cingulate, prelimbic, infralimbic and medial orbital areas and the taenia tecta were found to pr...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(86)90237-6
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A correlative study between behavioral, neurochemical and hormonal measures was conducted on male black tufted-ear marmoset monkeys (Callithrix penicillata). Behavioral analysis was performed in order to examine the effects of confrontation with a natural predator (taxidermized oncilla cat, Felis tigrina). The subject...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.07.012
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glaucoma is no longer viewed simply as elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) that damages the optic nerve. In addition to high IOP, evidence is rapidly accumulating that suggests damage to the optic nerve may be initiated or sustained by any number of factors including ischemia, excitotoxicity, neurotrophin insufficienc...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0361-9230(03)00074-1
更新日期：2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) have been suggested to promote memory and cognitive capabilities. In a recent publication we observed that GH increase the proportion of the NR2B subunit mRNA transcript of the NMDA receptor in rat hippocampus. NR2B has been suggested to be essential for spa...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.01.012
更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Developing nigrostriatal axons and their perikarya have substantial quantities of dopamine (DA) before the axons reach their postsynaptic target. In order to investigate possible developmental effects of these stores of DA, we have depleted DA chronically during critical periods in the ontogeny of the nigrostriatal sy...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90169-1
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In accordance with the genetic nature of Huntington's disease (HD), transgenic and knock-in mouse models have been developed that have sought to recapitulate the key features of the human condition. To date, only a single rat model has been developed, the tgHD rat that carries 51 CAG repeats. The tgHD rat has many of ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.03.003
更新日期：2009-06-30 00:00:00
