Abstract：
:The use of silver nanoparticles is one of the fastest growing product categories in the nanotechnology industry, with a focus on antimicrobial activity. However, thus far, toxicity data for silver nanoparticles are limited. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and the pathway by which they affect A549 lung epithelial cells. The effects of Ag NPs on cell survival, cell cycle progression, and mRNA and protein alterations of selected cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes were studied using formazan dye and LDH release assays, flow cytometric analysis, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. Ag NPs reduced cell viability, increased LDH release, and modulated cell cycle distribution through the accumulation of cells at G2/M and sub-G1 phases (cell death), with a concurrent decrease in cells at G1. Ag NP treatment increased Bax and Bid mRNA levels and downregulated Bcl-2 and Bcl-w mRNAs in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Ag NPs altered the mRNA levels of protein kinase C (PKC) family members. In particular, ectopic overexpression of PKCζ led to the enhancement of cellular proliferation and reduced sensitivity to Ag NPs in A549 cells. Together, these results suggest that Ag NPs induce strong toxicity and G2/M cell cycle arrest by a mechanism involving PKCζ downregulation in A549 cells.
journal_name
Arch Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of toxicologyauthors
Lee YS,Kim DW,Lee YH,Oh JH,Yoon S,Choi MS,Lee SK,Kim JW,Lee K,Song CWdoi
10.1007/s00204-011-0714-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
1529-40issue
12eissn
0340-5761issn
1432-0738journal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Neuropathy Target Esterase (NTE) was initially identified as the primary target esterase of some organophosphorus compounds that cause delayed neuropathy. Some studies in vivo suggest that this protein may also perform a function in embryonic development and therefore also in cell differentiation. The aim of this work...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-010-0518-8
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of various hepatotoxicants on urinary taurine and urinary creatine has been studied in the rat. Several hepatotoxic agents, carbon tetrachloride, thioacetamide, galactosamine and allyl alcohol which all caused hepatic necrosis (sometimes accompanied by steatosis), resulted in a rise in urinary taurine and i...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01974343
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Occupational exposure to benzene has been associated with leukemia, anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Genetic susceptibility to benzene toxicity in humans may be related to variations in benzene metabolizing genes. The main objective of this study was to ascertain whether polymorphism of GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1 an...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-017-2104-9
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evading apoptosis and chemo-resistance are considered as very important factors which help tumour progression and metastasis. Hence, to overcome chemo-resistance, there is an urgent requirement for emergence of more effective treatment options. Myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, is present in various plant-de...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-020-02938-5
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple oximes have been synthesized and evaluated for use as countermeasures against chemical warfare nerve agents. The current U.S. military and civilian oxime countermeasure, 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-methylpyridin-1-ium chloride (2-PAM), is under consideration for replacement with a more effective acetylcholines...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-012-0987-z
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In female rats, the lethality and hepatotoxicity of cerous chloride (CeCl3) were significantly altered by pretreatment with steroidal and nonsteroidal compounds (pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile "PCN", dexamethasone, spironolactone, phenobarbital) that stimulate hepatic drug-metabolizine enzyme activity and by estrad...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00372765
更新日期：1976-03-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Many carcinogens and mutagens are electrophilic in nature and will react with nucleophilic sites in protein and nucleic acid. Determination of the extent of formation of these adducts of genotoxic agents with protein provides a practical method of monitoring human exposure and of determining the possible risk associat...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00296978
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nine bispyridinium oximes containing two pyridinium rings linked by dimethylether were synthesised. Each compound had on one of the pyridinium rings a hydroxyiminomethyl group in position 2 or 4, while the other ring was unsubstituted or had a methyl or a hydroxyiminomethyl group in position 2 or 4. The reactivating p...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00296900
更新日期：1979-02-23 00:00:00
abstract：:3-(Phenylamino)alanine (PAA), a contaminant found in L-tryptophan tablets, has been discussed as a possible cause of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS). We administered PAA (100 mg/kg) by gastric gavage to Wistar rats to determine its distribution and metabolism. We developed a purification procedure, using Bond Elut...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050102
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amanita phalloides is responsible for more than 90 % of mushroom-related fatalities, and no effective antidote is available. α-Amanitin, the main toxin of A. phalloides, inhibits RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), causing hepatic and kidney failure. In silico studies included docking and molecular dynamics simulation couple...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-015-1582-x
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selenium (Se) is an essential dietary component for animals including humans and is regarded as a protective agent against cancer. Although the mode of anticancer action of Se is not fully understood yet, several mechanisms, such as antioxidant protection by selenoenzymes, specific inhibition of tumor cell growth by S...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00204-010-0595-8
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nephrotoxicity of 4-amino-3-S-glutathionylphenol (PAP-GSH), a known metabolite of 4-amino-phenol (PAP), was determined in male Fischer 344 rats. Administration of a single dose of 40 or 60 mumol kg-1 caused a marked elevation in blood urea nitrogen and an increase in the urinary excretion of glucose, protein and g...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03035706
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The flavonol quercetin shows a wide range of effects in biological systems. We investigated whether quercetin exerts its proposed antioxidant properties via the antioxidant enzyme system. Quercetin in a concentration range from 5 to 100 microM decreased manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and coppe...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-003-0482-7
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This discussion of the NEL presents some thoughts how toxicologists could be encouraged to use more sophisticated modern techniques for the study of various environmental chemicals. It is proposed to use the concept of the NEL only for data obtained by conventional techniques in routine toxicity experiments. Informati...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00695868
更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, acutely toxic doses of the environmental pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) have been reported to affect the hepatic distribution of essential metals in the rat. However, the reduced food intake by TCDD was not taken into account. Therefore, metal concentrations were determined in different...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02284268
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of the oxime HI-6, unrelated to reactivation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), on field potentials in the dentate gyrus of the rat hippocampus following AChE inhibition, were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. In hippocampal slices, AChE inhibition decreased the perforant path evoked population spike amplit...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050146
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess the neurotoxicity of diazinon oxon (DZO), a major in vivo metabolite of the phosphorothionate insecticide diazinon (DZ), on differentiating mouse N2a neuroblastoma cells. When used at concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 microM, DZO did not cause cell death but it impaired the outgrowth of...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-008-0339-1
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) has a high global prevalence in grain-based products. Biomarkers of exposure are detectable in most humans and farm animals. Considering the acute emetic and chronic anorexigenic toxicity of DON, maximum levels for food and feed have been implemented by food authorities. The tolerabl...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-019-02470-1
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The consumption of plants containing the diterpenoid atractyloside (ATR) causes selective proximal tubule injury, renal failure and death in humans. We have compared the effects of ATR in freshly isolated renal proximal tubules and glomeruli from rat and also in cell lines: NRK, derived from the proximal tubules, and ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050362
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro assays are often used for the hazard characterisation of compounds, but their application for quantitative risk assessment purposes is limited. This is because in vitro assays cannot provide a complete in vivo dose-response curve from which a point of departure (PoD) for risk assessment can be derived, like t...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-013-1107-4
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The organophosphorus compound trichlorfon, dimethyl (2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl) phosphonate, was administered by stomach tube (100 mg/kg) to pregnant guinea pigs at two different stages of gestation (days 36, 37, 38 and 51, 52, 53). The pups developed locomotory disturbances, and post mortem examination revealed ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00263954
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium, copper and zinc have been determined in kidney cortex, kidney medulla and liver from 51 cadmium-polluted and 122 nonpolluted autopsied subjects. Liver cadmium and zinc were significantly higher in the cadmium-polluted subjects than in the nonpolluted subjects. Kidney cadmium, copper and zinc were lower in the...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00316211
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP) is initiated by inhibition/aging of more than 70-75% of neuropathy target esterase (NTE). Di-n-butyl-2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate (DBDCVP) (1 mg/kg s.c.) inhibited 96%, 86% and 83% of NTE in brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerve, respectively, and induced a typic...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00316450
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Female Wistar rats were treated with various doses of progesterone orally via the diet or via the SC route. Oral treatment resulted in enhanced progesterone levels in the liver as measured by radioimmunoassay. There were up to 3-fold increases in activity of ethylmorphine demethylation by isolated microsomes; metaboli...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00316323
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a potent radioprotector, against oxidative organ damage induced by whole body γ-irradiation and explore its mechanistic effects. The mice were subjected to whole body γ-irradiation at 5 Gy for the detec...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-011-0687-0
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was conducted to determine the levels of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin) in plasma proteins and hemoglobin of cancer patients after cisplatin chemotherapy. Thirty-seven cancer patients with different type of cancers (lung, esophageal, urinary tract, and testicular cancer, melanoma, osteosarcoma e...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00303124
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The significance of elevated excretion of metallothionein in urine of women living in cadmium-polluted areas of Japan was studied with respect to renal dysfunction. The relationships between the concentrations of metallothionein in urine and those of other non-specific urinary indices of renal dysfunction, i.e., total...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00373398
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic heavy metal, is distributed widely in the general environment of today. The characteristic clinical manifestations of chronic Cd intoxication include renal proximal tubular dysfunction, general osteomalacia with severe pains, and anemia. We have recently reported that the serum level of er...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050352
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review encompasses the most important advances in liver functions and hepatotoxicity and analyzes which mechanisms can be studied in vitro. In a complex architecture of nested, zonated lobules, the liver consists of approximately 80 % hepatocytes and 20 % non-parenchymal cells, the latter being involved in a seco...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00204-013-1078-5
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinoids, derivatives of vitamin A, are essential for many vertebrate functions. Furthermore, several drugs of this class of compounds are valuable in the treatment of certain forms of skin disorders and cancer. However, the therapeutic application of retinoids is limited by their teratogenic potency. The limbs are i...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050368
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
