Abstract：
:3-(Phenylamino)alanine (PAA), a contaminant found in L-tryptophan tablets, has been discussed as a possible cause of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS). We administered PAA (100 mg/kg) by gastric gavage to Wistar rats to determine its distribution and metabolism. We developed a purification procedure, using Bond Elut SCX cartridges followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in order to determine levels of PAA. The level of PAA in blood was 4.22 micrograms/ml at 5 h and urinary excretion was 21.7 micrograms for 5 h and 84.6 micrograms between 5 and 24 h. The amount of PAA in the contents of the large intestine at 5 h was 0.76 microgram, indicating poor transfer of PAA to the large intestine. However, the highest concentration of PAA was 12.3 micrograms/g in the brain, indicating the passage of PAA through the blood-brain barrier. In addition to detecting PAA in the blood and organs, we also detected four metabolites of PAA in urine. We used gas chromatography mass spectrometry to identify PAA in rat liver, as well as N-(hydroxyphenyl)glycine, N-phenylglycine, 3-(pheylamino)lactic acid, and 3-(hydroxyphenylamino)-lactic acid in rat urine. These results suggest that the degradation pathway of PAA is similar to that of phenylalanine.
journal_name
Arch Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of toxicologyauthors
Adachi J,Mio T,Ueno Y,Naito T,Nishimura A,Fujiwara S,Sumino K,Tatsuno Ydoi
10.1007/s002040050102subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
500-5issue
8eissn
0340-5761issn
1432-0738journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Insulin-exposed rat mammary cancer cells were flow sorted based on a c-myc reporter plasmid encoding a destabilized green fluorescent protein. Sorted cells exhibited gradual increases in c-myc levels. Cells overexpressing c-myc by only 10% exhibited phenotypic changes attributable to c-myc overexpression, such as cell...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-009-0463-6
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibition mechanism(s) of protein kinase B/Akt1 and its consequences on related cell signaling were investigated in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal (4-HNE), one of the most reactive aldehyde by-products of lipid peroxidation. In silico data indicate that 4-HNE interacts with kin...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-014-1260-4
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, we introduce a new concept, precision toxicology: the mode of action of chemical- or drug-induced toxicity can be sensitively and specifically investigated by isolating a small group of cells or even a single cell with typical phenotype of interest followed by a single cell sequencing-based analysis. P...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00204-017-1971-4
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of experiments was set up to elucidate the effects of pollution on marine and estuarine fish health, since the European flounder (Platichthys flesus) has shown a relatively high prevalence of (pre)neoplastic liver lesions and lymphocystis virus disease in Dutch coastal and estuarine waters. The hypothesis of ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040100213
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple oximes have been synthesized and evaluated for use as countermeasures against chemical warfare nerve agents. The current U.S. military and civilian oxime countermeasure, 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-methylpyridin-1-ium chloride (2-PAM), is under consideration for replacement with a more effective acetylcholines...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-012-0987-z
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:pp'DDT (600 mg/kg, orally) produced an increase in the level of free ammonia and a decrease of acetylcholine in the corpus striatum of rats. These effects were maximal 5 h after the administration of pp'DDT. The animals showed tremors after 2 h, mild or moderate convulsions after 3.5 h and severe convulsions 5 h after...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00303292
更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic ethanol consumption is a strong risk factor for the development of liver disease. Multiple mechanisms are involved in ethanol-mediated liver injury; oxidative stress being pointed has an important factor. However, it should be noted that moderate consumption of red wine has been associated with hepatoprotectiv...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00204-015-1538-1
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of pivalic acid (PIV), a compound often used to make pro-drugs, and of the structurally related trichloroacetic acid (TCA), on several hepatic and renal enzymes was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats, following a 4-day treatment period. The PIV and TCA treatments resulted in a similar and selective indu...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050253
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Degradation of neurofilament (NF) proteins by Ca2+-activated neutral protease (CANP) was studied in the nervous system of rats treated with neurotoxic or non-neurotoxic compounds. In the tibial nerve, the degradation of NF 68K was depressed by five neurotoxic compounds: acrylamide, N-hydroxymetylacrylamide, N-isopropy...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00316261
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytokeratins (CK) constitute a family of cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins that are typically expressed in epithelial cells. An abnormal structure and function are effects that are clearly related to liver diseases as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We have previously o...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-007-0192-7
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The flavonol quercetin shows a wide range of effects in biological systems. We investigated whether quercetin exerts its proposed antioxidant properties via the antioxidant enzyme system. Quercetin in a concentration range from 5 to 100 microM decreased manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and coppe...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-003-0482-7
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using isolated rat hepatocytes the biochemical effects of hydrazine have been investigated using both conventional assay techniques and high resolution proton NMR. High resolution proton NMR revealed that hydrazine caused a significant increase in alanine and lactate levels in the incubation buffer, whereas levels of ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01981506
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tetrahydroxylated biphenyl-ketone 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (BP2), one of twelve benzophenone-derived UV-filters, is used in cosmetic products and in packaging materials to protect these products from light induced damage. Recently published studies showed that BP2 exerts estrogenic activity; thus, it is ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-006-0085-1
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The circadian rhythms of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase (low values, during light, rising in the evening with maximum at 12.00 p.m.) are investigated in rats under diverse conditions. Intragastral administration of cholestyramine (bile acid-absorbing resin) leads to an increased rhythm of both e...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00340534
更新日期：1976-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Aciclovir (synonym: acyclovir) causes abnormal thymus development in rats. After treatment on day 10 of gestation a weight reduction of the organ is obvious in 21-day-old fetuses which persists postnatally. Adult male rats exposed in utero to one or three injections of 100 mg aciclovir/kg body wt given to the dam on d...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01973385
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic potential of DNA adducts and to compare DNA adduct levels and patterns in petroleum vacuum distillates, coal tar distillate, bitumen fume condensates, and related substances that have a wide range of boiling temperatures. An in vitro assay was used for DNA adduct ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040000172
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Milacemide (2-n-pentylaminoacetamide) hydrochloride was administered by continuous i.v. infusion for up to 7 days, at 300 and 600 mg/kg per day to male Sprague-Dawley rats. This was intended to provide high and sustained exposure to evaluate the effect of a preterminal 24-h fast on liver lipid content. Liver lipid con...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050067
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was conducted to determine the levels of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin) in plasma proteins and hemoglobin of cancer patients after cisplatin chemotherapy. Thirty-seven cancer patients with different type of cancers (lung, esophageal, urinary tract, and testicular cancer, melanoma, osteosarcoma e...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00303124
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclic AMP (c-AMP), added on its own to rat hepatocyte cultures, caused a marked accumulation of coproporphyrin III. The results obtained by comparing the effect of c-AMP to that of exogenous 5-aminolevulinate (ALA), and from adding c-AMP and ALA together, indicated that the coproporphyrinogen III metabolism was block...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-004-0637-1
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was performed to investigate the potential toxic effects of prenatal exposure to 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) on liver, kidney, spleen, and hematologic parameters of male and female rats in adult life. The rats were treated with OP subcutaneously in utero at doses of control (vehicle, corn oil), 100 or 25...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-008-0354-2
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of breast cancer in Korea has been increasing for the last two decades (1983-2005), and now, breast cancer is ranked the leading cause of cancer in Korean women. Along with other endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), bisphenol A (BPA) has been suspected as a potential risk factor for breast cancer. We s...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-008-0364-0
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver disease is an escalating global health issue. While liver transplantation is an effective mode of therapy, patient mortality has increased due to the shortage of donor organs. Developing renewable sources of human liver tissue is therefore attractive. Pluripotent stem cell-derived liver tissue represents a poten...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-018-2280-2
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single dose of 10 mg methylmercury chloride per kg body weight was given to 30 days old rats and to adult rats (180-200g)(. This resulted in brain levels of 1.4-2.2 micrograms Hg/g wet weight. In the young rats electron microscopic morphometry showed swelling of the granule cells. The extent of changes was more pron...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00332352
更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dibromoacetonitrile (DBAN) is a disinfection byproduct of chlorination of drinking water. Epidemiological studies indicate that it might present a potential hazard to human health. The present work provides evidence for DBAN activation to cyanide (CN(-)) by the hypoxanthine (HX)/xanthine oxidase (XO)/iron (Fe) system ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-002-0418-7
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activity of 18 vitamin D analogs on soft tissue calcification and growth impairment in neonatal rats and their effect on bone calcium mobilization, intestinal calcium absorption and binding to intestinal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in adult rats were compared. Depending on the chemical modification of the v...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00303129
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo screening methods for detection of thyroid function modulators are now under development in many research laboratories. We assessed the applicability of the Hershberger assay protocol to screen for thyroid function modulators. In experiment 1, castrated male BrlHan WIST@Jcl (GALAS) rats were administered a pot...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-005-0677-1
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of silver nanoparticles is one of the fastest growing product categories in the nanotechnology industry, with a focus on antimicrobial activity. However, thus far, toxicity data for silver nanoparticles are limited. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and the p...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-011-0714-1
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arsenic has been a recognized contaminant and toxicant, as well as a medicinal compound throughout human history. Populations throughout the world are exposed to arsenic and these exposures have been associated with a number of human cancers. Not much is known about the role of arsenic as a human carcinogen and more r...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00204-010-0554-4
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some nucleoside analogues are used to treat herpes simplex and other viral infections. They are known to impair spermatogenesis, but published data are scarce. We studied the effects of four nucleosides on SerW3 cells, a rat Sertoli cell line. Cells were cultured for 3 days in DMEM supplemented with four different con...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-016-1743-6
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nine bispyridinium oximes containing two pyridinium rings linked by dimethylether were synthesised. Each compound had on one of the pyridinium rings a hydroxyiminomethyl group in position 2 or 4, while the other ring was unsubstituted or had a methyl or a hydroxyiminomethyl group in position 2 or 4. The reactivating p...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00296900
更新日期：1979-02-23 00:00:00
