Abstract：
:Despite continuous improvements in cancer management, locoregional recurrence or metastatic spread still occurs in a high proportion of patients after radiotherapy or combined treatments. One underlying reason might be a low efficacy of current treatments on eradication of cancer stem cells (CSCs). It has been recognised for a long time, that only the small subpopulation of CSCs can cause recurrences and that all CSCs need to be killed for permanent tumour cure. However, only recently novel technologies have allowed to enrich CSCs and to investigate their biology. An emerging experimental and clinical database provides first hints that cell populations accumulated by putative stem cell markers or tumours that highly express such markers may be more radioresistant than their marker-negative counterparts. Other data support a higher tolerance of CSCs to hypoxia and preferential location in specific microenvironmental niches. However, conflicting data, methodological problems of the assays and a generally small database on only few tumour types necessitate further large and well-designed prospective experimental and clinical investigations that specifically address this question to corroborate this hypothesis. If such investigations confirm biological differences between CSCs and non-CSCs, this would imply that novel treatment strategies need to be tested specifically for their effect on CSCs. Another implication is that also biomarkers for prediction of local tumour control after radiotherapy or combined treatments need to reflect the behaviour of CSCs and not of the bulk of all cancer cells. This review discusses the importance of CSCs for treatment failure and challenges occurring from the CSC concept for cancer diagnosis, treatment and prediction of outcome. It is concluded that CSC-based endpoints and biomarkers are eventually expected to considerably improve tumour cure rates in the clinics through individualised tailoring of treatment.
journal_name
Semin Cancer Bioljournal_title
Seminars in cancer biologyauthors
Koch U,Krause M,Baumann Mdoi
10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.02.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
116-24issue
2eissn
1044-579Xissn
1096-3650pii
S1044-579X(10)00004-0journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Cancer cells show various types of mutations and aberrant expression in genes involved in DNA repair responses. These alterations induce genome instability and promote carcinogenesis steps and cancer progression processes. These defects in DNA repair have also been considered as suitable targets for cancer therapies. ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.02.005
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A key regulator of cell morphology is the actin cytoskeleton and it has long been appreciated that the cytoskeleton is characteristically altered in cancer. Actin is organized into polymeric structures with distinct dynamics which in turn participate in a wide variety of cell processes including adhesion, migration, c...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2007.08.004
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Altering energy metabolism to meet the uncontrolled proliferation and metastasis has emerged as one of the most significant hallmarks in tumors. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms and regulatory actions underlying have not been fully elucidated. As a family of NAD+ dependent protein modifying enzymes, sirtuins...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.11.003
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neoplasms progress to cancer through a process of natural selection. The rate of evolution, and thus progression is determined by three parameters: mutation rate, population size of the evolving neoplastic cells, and intensity of selection or rate of clonal expansion. All three parameters are reviewed in the context o...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2005.06.004
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:People are continuously exposed exogenously to varying amounts of chemicals that have been shown to have carcinogenic or mutagenic properties in experimental systems. Exposure can occur exogenously when these agents are present in food, air or water, and also endogenously when they are products of metabolism or pathop...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.06.010
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past few decades, understanding how tumor cells evade the immune system and their communication with their tumor microenvironment, has been the subject of intense investigation, with the aim of developing new cancer immunotherapies. The current therapies against cancer such as monoclonal antibodies against ch...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.012
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2001.0416
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common histological form of primary liver cancer; the tumor cells having retained features of hepatocytic differentiation. It is important to emphasize the heterogeneity of the histological background on which the tumor develops. Most HCCs complicate the evolution of an activ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2000.0321
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a striking geographical and ethnical distribution. It occurs with high frequency in southern China and Southeast Asia. Family clustering was also observed in NPC and a typical family with 15 NPC cases was introduced in this paper. Epidemiological and genetic studies have been carried...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1044579x02000871
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human bladder carcinogenesis stands as a paradigm for research on the molecular genetic mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis. The pathogenesis of bladder cancer is multistage with a typical onset later in life. Epidemiological studies associate occupational exposure to aromatic amines with increased bladder cancer ri...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2009.10.004
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leukocytes, and macrophages in particular, are an important component of the stroma of neoplastic tissues. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) have the properties of a polarized M2 population and are a key component of inflammatory circuits which promote tumor growth and progression. Chemokines play a key role in the r...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2003.10.001
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The treatment of cancer with tumor vaccines has been a goal of physicians and scientists ever since effective immunization against infectious disease with vaccines was developed. In the past, major tumor antigens had not been molecularly characterized. Recent advances are, however, beginning to define potential molecu...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/1044-579x(95)90001-2
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colorectal cancer is highly incident worldwide and presents a health burden with elevated mortality rate despite prevention, detection, and treatment, mainly due to metastatic liver disease. Histological growth patterns of colorectal cancer liver metastases have emerged as a reproducible prognostic factor, with biolog...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.007
更新日期：2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common form of lymphoid malignancy in Western countries, accounting for around a quarter of all leukaemias. Evidence from epidemiological and family studies have provided evidence for familial clustering of CLL compatible with inherited genetic predisposition to CLL. Dir...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.08.006
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:About a century ago Otto Warburg observed that tumor cells exhibited increased glycolysis despite the presence of oxygen and stated this metabolic shift to glycolysis as the origin of cancer cell. In the meantime it has become clear, that the altered glucose metabolism is only one piece of the tumor metabolome puzzle....
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2012.02.009
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of F-box proteins in pancreatic tumorigenesis is emerging owing to their pivotal and indispensable roles in cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation and proliferation. In this review, we will focus on β-TrCP (β-transducin repeat-containing protein) and two other prototypical mammalian F-box proteins, Fbxw7...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.004
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing evidence supports the notion that pharmaceutical targeting of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) systems offers the potential to treat human immune system disorders. This review describes this emerging area of research, which has the benefit of being supported by a relatively detailed understandi...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2007.12.007
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are a heterogeneous group of cancers arising from the mucosal lining of the oral cavity. A majority of these cancers are associated with lifestyle risk habits including smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and betel quid chewing. Cetuximab, targeting the epidermal growth factor r...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.011
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Investigations across a range of disciplines over the past decade have brought the study of cell motility and its role in invasion to an exciting threshold. The biophysical forces proximally involved in generating cell locomotion, as well as the underlying signaling and genomic regulatory processes, are gradually beco...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2000.0362
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T cells of the adaptive immune system monitor protein degradation products via their presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules to recognize infected cells. Both macroautophagy and endocytosis target intra- and extracellular constituents, respectively, for lysosomal degradation. This results in a...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.03.005
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Splenic marginal zone lymphoma is a rare mature B-cell malignancy involving the spleen, bone marrow and blood. Over the past years, the rapid expansion of sequencing technologies allowing the genome-wide assessment of genomic, epigenetic and transcriptional changes has revolutionized our understanding of the biologica...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.08.002
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy and a major cause of death in middle-aged women. A positive family history of breast cancer is one of the strongest risk factors for the disease. In addition, many afflicted breast cancer families are characterized by early onset and bilateral tumors, and also, in som...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2000.0325
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sequencing of whole genomes has provided new perspectives into the blueprints of diverse organisms. Knowing the sequences, however, does not always tell us much about the function of the genes that regulate development and homeostasis. RNA interference (RNAi) is becoming the method of choice for gene function analysis...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1044-579x(03)00039-7
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than 70% of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are diagnosed with metastases, leading to poor prognosis. For some cancer patients with limited sites of metastatic tumors, the term oligometastatic disease (OMD) has been coined as opposed to systemic polymetastasis (PMD) disease. Stephan Paget first described an organ-s...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.026
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dendritic cells (DC) are central to the initiation of immunity. To induce immune reactivity, DC are recruited at the site of antigen expression, uptake antigens and migrate to secondary lymphoid organs while receiving activation signals delivered by pathogens, dying cells, and/or T cells. Tumours can escape the immune...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2001.0400
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related-deaths. The risk of development of CRC is complex and multifactorial, and includes disruption of homeostasis of the intestinal epithelial layer mediated though dysregulations of tumor suppressing/promoting signaling pathways. Guanylate cyclase 2C (...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.08.011
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma worldwide and comprises a heterogeneous group of malignancies that originate from the malignant transformation of germinal center (GC) B cells. Over the past decade, significant improvement has been achieved in our understandi...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.08.001
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are considered sensors for the nutritional state of the cell. The former is a branch of the glucose metabolic pathway that provides donor molecules for glycosylation processes, whereas the second requires co-translational N-glycosylation...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.04.001
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in cancer progression and is required for tissue invasion and metastasis. Starting with Folkman's initial observations in 1971, basic research continued to shed new molecular insight into this multifaceted process, leading to the development of several anti-angiogenic drugs. To date, ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.005
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
