The beta3-adrenoceptor agonist GW427353 (Solabegron) decreases excitability of human enteric neurons via release of somatostatin.

abstract：:Absorptive cells of the small intestine are highly polarized cells with distinct microvillus membrane (MVM) and basolateral plasma membrane domains. We compared membrane structure in the following preparations of rat small intestine commonly used for in vitro study of MVM function: epithelial sheets, isolated epitheli...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Bjorkman DJ,Allan CH,Hagen SJ,Trier JS

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:De novo hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatitis after chemotherapy results in high morbidity and mortality. We evaluate the clinical course of de novo HBV-related hepatitis after chemotherapy. METHODS:Two hundred forty-four consecutive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative lymphoma patients ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Hui CK,Cheung WW,Zhang HY,Au WY,Yueng YH,Leung AY,Leung N,Luk JM,Lie AK,Kwong YL,Liang R,Lau GK

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although it has recently become possible to detect hepatitis C viral antigens in liver biopsy specimens, the frequency and clinical significance of this finding remains uncertain. Therefore, 49 liver biopsy specimens from 35 patients with hepatitis C were studied to make these assessments. METHODS:Hepatitis...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Di Bisceglie AM,Hoofnagle JH,Krawczynski K

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The evaluation of patients with chronic watery diarrhea represents a diagnostic challenge for clinicians because organic causes, including inflammatory bowel disease, microscopic colitis, and chronic infection, must be differentiated from functional diarrhea and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel sy...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Carrasco-Labra A,Lytvyn L,Falck-Ytter Y,Surawicz CM,Chey WD

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For decades, interactions between the enteric neuromuscular apparatus and the central nervous system have served as the primary focus of pathophysiological research in the functional gastrointestinal disorders. The accumulation of patient reports, as well as clinical observations, has belatedly led to an interest in t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Barbara G,Feinle-Bisset C,Ghoshal UC,Quigley EM,Santos J,Vanner S,Vergnolle N,Zoetendal EG

更新日期：2016-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Caco-2 cells have been used extensively to elucidate events involved in intestinal cell proliferation and differentiation. Because individual isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) and p21waf1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, may regulate these processes, their role(s) on the growth and differentiati...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Abraham C,Scaglione-Sewell B,Skarosi SF,Qin W,Bissonnette M,Brasitus TA

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the possibility that the 33- and 39-amino acid forms of cholecystokinin (CCK) are cleaved to produce CCK-octapeptide (CCK-8) during circulation in humans. When a mixture of the 33- and 39-amino acid forms of porcine CCK was infused at 0.1-2.5 pmol/kg.min into normal subjects, material indistinguishabl...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Springer CJ,Calam J

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Immune-nonimmune cell interactions modulate mucosal immunity. We investigated the expression of adhesion molecules by intestinal fibroblasts, the effect of immune cell-derived factor on fibroblast binding of T cells, and the consequences of interfering with adhesion molecule expression on fibroblast-T...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Musso A,Condon TP,West GA,De La Motte C,Strong SA,Levine AD,Bennett CF,Fiocchi C

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:People infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of some malignancies, but little is known about the effects of infection on risk of cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract. We evaluated the risks of different histologic and anatomic subtypes of carcinomas and non-Hod...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Persson EC,Shiels MS,Dawsey SM,Bhatia K,Anderson LA,Engels EA

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Corticofugal pathways to the human esophagus have been recently identified in humans using transcranial magnetic stimulation. The aim of this study was to determine the topographic representation of the esophagus on the cerebral cortex. METHODS:Focal magnetic stimulation of 1-cm areas was performed o...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Aziz Q,Rothwell JC,Hamdy S,Barlow J,Thompson DG

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a consequence of defects in diverse metabolic pathways that involve hepatic accumulation of triglycerides. Features of these aberrations might determine whether NAFLD progresses to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We investigated whether the diverse defe...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Alonso C,Fernández-Ramos D,Varela-Rey M,Martínez-Arranz I,Navasa N,Van Liempd SM,Lavín Trueba JL,Mayo R,Ilisso CP,de Juan VG,Iruarrizaga-Lejarreta M,delaCruz-Villar L,Mincholé I,Robinson A,Crespo J,Martín-Duce A,Romero-Gó

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Caliber-persistent artery of the stomach (also known as cirsoid aneurysm, Dieulafoy's lesion, and submucosal arterial malformation) is clinically manifested as recurrent, massive, often fatal hematemesis. The lesion often is not seen endoscopically. Left gastric angiography in one patient with hematemesis showed a con...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Eidus LB,Rasuli P,Manion D,Heringer R

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An in vitro fecal incubation system was used to demonstrate how lactulose influences ammonia metabolism in the colon. Lactulose and other fermentable substrates (glucose, mannitol, and sorbitol), pH and organic acid were varied independently so that their different effects could be determined. Fermentable substrate ca...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Vince A,Killingley M,Wrong OM

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) is a somatic genetic disease in which pathogenesis is influenced by the local colonic environment and the patient's genetic background. Consolidating the knowledge of genetic and epigenetic events that occur with initiation, progression, and metastasis of sporadic CRC has identified so...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Carethers JM,Jung BH

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Noninvasive methods are needed to identify clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) and esophageal varices (EVs) in patients with compensated cirrhosis. We looked for markers of the presence of CSPH and EVs in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS:We performed a cross-sectional study that include...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Berzigotti A,Seijo S,Arena U,Abraldes JG,Vizzutti F,García-Pagán JC,Pinzani M,Bosch J

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior animal models of cholesterol gallstone formation have been criticized for their dissimilarity to the conditions of humans with gallstones. We present a new hamster model of cholesterol cholelithiasis that more closely approximates the human situation. Sixty female Golden Syrian hamsters (average weight 83.2 +/- ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Pearlman BJ,Bonorris GG,Phillips MJ,Chung A,Vimadalal S,Marks JW,Schoenfield LJ

更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the relationships of the serum markers of fibrogenesis and basement membrane formation to the clinical and morphological severity of alcoholic liver disease and to the degree of alcohol abuse. The concentrations of the aminoterminal propeptide of type III collagen, type IV collagen, and laminin...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Niemelä O,Risteli J,Blake JE,Risteli L,Compton KV,Orrego H

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diverting the fecal stream has been considered to affect the course of Crohn's disease favorably. Adverse effects on the distal segment have not previously been distinguished from clinical signs and symptoms. The course of four patients with Crohn's disease who underwent fecal diversion with an in situ rectum were obs...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Korelitz BI,Cheskin LJ,Sohn N,Sommers SC

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Diarrhea is a significant problem in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of this study was to determine octreotide effectiveness in refractory AIDS-associated diarrhea. METHODS:In a 3-week protocol, 129 patients with a stool weight of > 500 g/day despite standard antidiarrh...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Simon DM,Cello JP,Valenzuela J,Levy R,Dickerson G,Goodgame R,Brown M,Lyche K,Fessel WJ,Grendell J

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Black patients with chronic hepatitis C have lower response rates than white patients to interferon monotherapy. The factors responsible for these differences are unknown, as is the impact of combination antiviral therapy on responsiveness among ethnic groups. We evaluated the impact of race on respon...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： McHutchison JG,Poynard T,Pianko S,Gordon SC,Reid AE,Dienstag J,Morgan T,Yao R,Albrecht J

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several areas regarding Helicobacter pylori that need improvement or clarification in the United States include treatment of dyspepsia, physician education on disease associations with H. pylori, and evidence from U.S. studies that 7-day H. pylori eradication regimens are more effective than current regimens. Dyspepsi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Freston JW

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Neutrophils are generally thought to play an important proinflammatory role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether blocking the invasion of neutrophils by anti-L-selectin monoclonal antibodies modulates chemically induced colitis and how ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Kühl AA,Kakirman H,Janotta M,Dreher S,Cremer P,Pawlowski NN,Loddenkemper C,Heimesaat MM,Grollich K,Zeitz M,Farkas S,Hoffmann JC

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are conflicting reports on the influence of cigarette smoking on healing in patients with duodenal ulcer; some studies show an adverse effect on healing rate and others no effect. This study reports the influence of smoking on short-term healing and relapse rate in 135 patients with duodenal ulcer who were treat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Korman MG,Hansky J,Eaves ER,Schmidt GT

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Outcomes of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are determined by cancer-related and non-related events. Treatments for hepatitis C virus infection have reduced non-cancer events among patients receiving liver transplants, so reducing HCC-related death might be an actionable end p...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Mazzaferro V,Sposito C,Zhou J,Pinna AD,De Carlis L,Fan J,Cescon M,Di Sandro S,Yi-Feng H,Lauterio A,Bongini M,Cucchetti A

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the components of dietary fiber, the soluble polysaccharides, primarily guaran and pectin, have been found to impair intestinal absorption. Little is known, however, about the mechanism of this effect. The direct action of guaran on small intestinal absorption was evaluated by a single-pass perfusion technique. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Elsenhans B,Zenker D,Caspary WF

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Clinical Practice Update was to rapidly review the emerging evidence and provide timely expert recommendations regarding the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This expert comm...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Rubin DT,Feuerstein JD,Wang AY,Cohen RD

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In rats, hypergastrinemia due to achlorhydria produced by antisecretory drugs or resection of the gastric fundus leads to enterochromaffinlike (ECL) cell hyperplasia and gastric carcinoids. In humans, achlorhydria due to pernicious anemia may also lead to ECL cell hyperplasia and multicentric gastric carcinoids in as ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Hirschowitz BI,Griffith J,Pellegrin D,Cummings OW

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 36-year-old man with brittle diabetes mellitus developed hepatic infarction immediately after an episode of ketoacidosis. The infarction was documented by angiogram 99mTc sulfur colloid scan, and biopsy. Except for the association with ketoacidosis, no other possible cause of hepatic infarction was found. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Ng RC,Sigmund CJ Jr,Lagos JA,Chernin M

更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excretion of hydrogen in breath commonly persists despite an overnight fast. Although elevation of hydrogen concentration above the fasting value after administration of a test sugar is evidence of malabsorption, the significance of the fasting value itself is unknown. We determined the normal limits of fasting breath...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Perman JA,Modler S,Barr RG,Rosenthal P

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of sigma and phencyclindine binding sites in the gastrointestinal tract of the guinea pig was studied by autoradiography after in vitro incubation of tissue slices with (+)3H-SKF 10,047 and 3H-1-1-[(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl] piperidine to locate sigma and phencyclidine receptors, respectively. A dense dis...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Roman F,Pascaud X,Chomette G,Bueno L,Junien JL

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00