Abstract:
BACKGROUND/AIMS:Diarrhea is a significant problem in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of this study was to determine octreotide effectiveness in refractory AIDS-associated diarrhea. METHODS:In a 3-week protocol, 129 patients with a stool weight of > 500 g/day despite standard antidiarrheal therapy were randomized to receive octreotide or placebo (3:2 ratio). Octreotide dose was increased 100 micrograms weekly to a maximum of 300 micrograms three times a day based on weekly 72-hour stool collections. Subsequently, patients received open-label octreotide at doses of up to 500 micrograms three times a day. RESULTS:A 30% decrease in stool weight defined response. After 3 weeks, 48% of octreotide- and 39% of placebo-treated patients had responded (P = 0.43). At 300 micrograms three times a day, 50% of octreotide- and 30.1% of placebo-treated patients responded (P = 0.12). At a baseline stool weight of 1000-2000 g/day, 57% of octreotide- and 25% of placebo-treated patients responded (P = 0.06). Response rates based on CD4 counts, diarrhea duration, body weight, human immunodeficiency virus risk factor, and presence or absence of pathogens showed no benefit of octreotide. Adverse events were more frequent in the octreotide-treated group. CONCLUSION:In the doses studied, octreotide was not more effective than placebo in patients with refractory AIDS-associated diarrhea. This lack of effectiveness may be attributable to inadequate sample size, doses, and duration of study treatment.
journal_name
Gastroenterologyjournal_title
Gastroenterologyauthors
Simon DM,Cello JP,Valenzuela J,Levy R,Dickerson G,Goodgame R,Brown M,Lyche K,Fessel WJ,Grendell Jdoi
10.1016/0016-5085(95)90137-xsubject
Has Abstract,Author List Incompletepub_date
1995-06-01 00:00:00pages
1753-60issue
6eissn
0016-5085issn
1528-0012pii
S0016508595001879journal_volume
108pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验相关文献
GASTROENTEROLOGY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are associated with chronic tissue damage and continuous tissue repair. A central, but not well-characterized, event during this process is the migration of activated fibroblasts to the wound. METHODS:Human colonic lamina propria fibroblasts (CLPF) wer...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.gastro.2003.07.004
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study of ischemic and postischemic reperfusion intestinal injury in rats evaluates the potential therapeutic value of fructose 1-6 diphosphate on the basis of its ability to enhance anaerobic carbohydrate metabolism during ischemia and to prevent additional tissue injury after reestablishing blood flow by inhibit...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(90)91299-l
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses several host factors to infect and replicate in human hepatocytes. Cyclophilin A (CypA) is required for viral replication, and CypA inhibitors are in development. We investigated the effects of nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the region of peptidyl-...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.04.053
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed in tissue-specific pattern, but it is not clear how these are regulated. We aimed to identify squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-specific lncRNAs and investigate mechanisms that control their expression and function. METHODS:We studied expression patterns and f...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.02.018
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:We investigated the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta subtypes in cholangiocytes of normal and bile duct-ligated (BDL) rats and evaluated the role and mechanisms of estrogens in the modulation of cholangiocyte proliferation. METHODS:ER-alpha and ER-beta were analyzed by immunohistoc...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.2000.20184
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three generations of a kindred comprising 50 individuals are described in which recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy has occurred with high frequency. A uniform expression and complete penetrance of the trait in the women of a limited "affected" portion of the kindred (6 affected of 10 women), along with th...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Liver disease has been associated with cardiovascular disorders, but little is known about the relationship between serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and markers of atherogenesis. We investigated the relationship between low-normal and high-normal levels of ALT and an extended panel of ca...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.08.036
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulinlike growth factor I is a potent mitogen with insulinlike metabolic effects. Insulinlike growth factor I is synthesized in the liver, intestine, and other organs. Insulinlike growth factor I receptors are widely distributed and structurally similar to insulin receptors. Frozen sections of rabbit gastrointestina...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(90)91228-x
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether intravenous nutritional repletion can influence oxidative drug metabolizing capacity, antipyrine metabolism was studied in 6 malnourished patients on the second day of a 2-day baseline period and on the last day of two sequential, 8-day intravenous nutritional repletion periods. During the baselin...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(85)90321-x
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally accepted that the intestinal phase of pancreatic secretion is initiated by the stimulation of chemoreceptors sensitive to fat and protein degradation products and hydrogen ions. The effect of the volume and osmolality of food emptied by the stomach into the duodenum has received less attention. We inve...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four Puerto Rican sisters had recurrent prolonged cholestasis of pregnancy without preexisting or intercurrent hepatic disorders. Available information was reviewed on the course, mechanism, and sequelae of prolonged recurrent cholestasis after 14 pregnancies in the 4 sisters. Etiologic, clinical, laboratory, radiolog...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70193-8
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psycho-neuro-endocrine-immune modulation through the brain-gut axis likely has a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The brain-gut axis involves interactions among the neural components, including (1) the autonomic nervous system, (2) the central nervous system, (3) the stress system (hyp...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.003
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Methylation of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) often occurs in an age-dependent manner, as a field defect in some instances, and may be an early event in colitis-associated carcinogenesis. We aimed to determine whether specific mRNA signature patterns (MIR1, MIR9, MIR124, MIR137, MIR34B/C) could be used t...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.08.037
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterogeneity of colonic mucin glycoprotein was examined in rectal mucosal biopsy specimens from a variety of primate species (Saguinus oedipus, n = 18; Macaca mulatta, n = 2; Macaca fascicularis, n = 2; Aotus trivirgatus, n = 2; Saimiri sciureus, n = 2; and Callithrix jacchus, n = 2). After initial separation of radi...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(85)80127-x
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The onset, course, and regression of the biochemical and structural alterations associated with pancreatitis induced by various doses of caerulein were studied in the mouse. In addition, the protective effect of secretin was compared with that of the cholecystokinin-receptor antagonists proglumide and benzotript. Subc...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(85)80079-2
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Chronic pancreatitis has been suggested as a causal risk factor for pancreatic cancer in a recent study. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. METHODS:All patients in the Swedish inpatient Register with a discharge diagnosis of pancr...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247480
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of high- and low-affinity cholecystokinin (CCK)-A receptors on rodent pancreatic acini is well established. Until recently, CCK was believed to act directly on pancreatic acini to stimulate pancreatic secretion in both rodents and humans. However, conclusive evidence that human pancreatic acini lack func...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.05.002
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Incidence of and mortality from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common form of pancreatic cancer, are almost equivalent, so better treatments are needed. We studied gene expression profiles of PDACs and the functions of genes with altered expression to identify new therapeutic target...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.08.040
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three analogues of the carboxyl-terminal tricosapeptide of secretin (S5-27), one with glutamine replacing glutamic acid in position 9 (9-Gln-S5-27), a second with asparagine substituted for aspartic acid in position 15 (15-Asn-S5-27), and a third with both replacements (9-Gln-15-Asn-S5-27) were tested for their abilit...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:The mechanism by which cholelithiasis increases the risk of acute pancreatitis remains obscure. Because bile acids can enter the pancreas either by luminal diffusion or by interstitial leakage during gallstone impaction and pancreatitis is associated with impaired Ca(2+) signaling, we examined the eff...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.2002.33617
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Stool samples from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a higher abundance of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius than stool from individuals without CRC, based on metagenome sequencing. We investigated whether P anaerobius contributes to colon tumor formation in mice and its possible mechanisms of ca...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.009
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between gastric pepsin, acid secretion, and duodenal ulcer activity was studied in 33 patients with an endoscopically proven carter, in 17 patients who were studied within 3 mo of an acute crater but who no longer had a crater endoscopically, and in 10 patients who had no duodenal ulcer symptoms for l...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of this study show that lower esophageal sphincter contractions occur during phases 2 and 3 of the gastric interdigestive migratory motor complex in humans. In one series of studies, esophageal, gastric, and duodenal pressures were monitored overnight for 12 h in 7 healthy, fasting subjects. A second group...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted CD8(+) T cells are required for clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. MHC class I expression is up-regulated by type I and II interferons (IFNs). However, little is known about the effects of HCV infection on IFN-induced expression of...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.01.054
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Canalicular secretion of bile acids is stimulated by tauroursodesoxycholate (TUDC). This study investigates the underlying mechanisms. METHODS:TUDC effects on mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, taurocholate (TC) excretion, proteolysis, and the localization of the bile salt export pump (Bsep) we...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.2001.26262
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 20-yr-old man developed recurrent respiratory symptoms and left lower lobe pneumonia 14 yr after long-segment colonic interposition for corrosive esophageal injury. A fistula, from a redundant supradiaphragmatic pouch of colon to a subsegmental bronchus of the lower lobe of the left lung, was discovered and treated ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method of measuring gastric secretions and emptying rates after ingestion of an ordinary (solid-liquid) meal has been developed and validated. The technique quantifies movements of volume across the pylorus using constant duodenal perfusion with a nonabsorbable marker, polyethylene glycol (PEG), which, in turn, quan...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons in acid-induced HCO3- secretion was investigated in the duodenum of anesthetized rats. The proximal duodenum was perfused with saline (pH 4.5), the pH of perfusate and the transmucosal potential differences were continuously monitored, and HCO3- output was determined by...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(91)90721-v
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:The mechanisms of chemically induced injury are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid method for isolation of gastric mucosal cells (GMCs) and sensitive tests for investigating cell damage and protection. METHODS:GMCs were prepared from rat glandular stomach with pronase a...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(94)90213-5
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with celiac disease have immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibodies and IgA antigliadin antibody in gut secretions; this pattern of intestinal immunity may be a marker of latent celiac disease. Its frequency in patients referred for jejunal biopsy has been examined. METHODS:Serum IgG and IgA antigliadin anti...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(93)90333-8
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00