Selection of reference genes for normalisation of real-time RT-PCR in brain-stem death injury in Ovis aries.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Heart and lung transplantation is frequently the only therapeutic option for patients with end stage cardio respiratory disease. Organ donation post brain stem death (BSD) is a pre-requisite, yet BSD itself causes such severe damage that many organs offered for donation are unusable, with lung being the organ most affected by BSD. In Australia and New Zealand, less than 50% of lungs offered for donation post BSD are suitable for transplantation, as compared with over 90% of kidneys, resulting in patients dying for lack of suitable lungs. Our group has developed a novel 24 h sheep BSD model to mimic the physiological milieu of the typical human organ donor. Characterisation of the gene expression changes associated with BSD is critical and will assist in determining the aetiology of lung damage post BSD. Real-time PCR is a highly sensitive method involving multiple steps from extraction to processing RNA so the choice of housekeeping genes is important in obtaining reliable results. Little information however, is available on the expression stability of reference genes in the sheep pulmonary artery and lung. We aimed to establish a set of stably expressed reference genes for use as a standard for analysis of gene expression changes in BSD. RESULTS:We evaluated the expression stability of 6 candidate normalisation genes (ACTB, GAPDH, HGPRT, PGK1, PPIA and RPLP0) using real time quantitative PCR. There was a wide range of Ct-values within each tissue for pulmonary artery (15-24) and lung (16-25) but the expression pattern for each gene was similar across the two tissues. After geNorm analysis, ACTB and PPIA were shown to be the most stably expressed in the pulmonary artery and ACTB and PGK1 in the lung tissue of BSD sheep. CONCLUSION:Accurate normalisation is critical in obtaining reliable and reproducible results in gene expression studies. This study demonstrates tissue associated variability in the selection of these normalisation genes in BSD sheep and underlines the importance of selecting the correct reference genes for both the animal model and tissue studied.

journal_name

BMC Mol Biol

journal_title

BMC molecular biology

authors

Passmore M,Nataatmadja M,Fraser JF

doi

10.1186/1471-2199-10-72

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-07-23 00:00:00

pages

72

issn

1471-2199

pii

1471-2199-10-72

journal_volume

10

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Gene expression studies for the analysis of domoic acid production in the marine diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries Hasle (Hasle) (Ps-n) is distinctive among the ecologically important marine diatoms because it produces the neurotoxin domoic acid. Although the biology of Ps-n has been investigated intensely, the characterization of the genes and biochemical pathways leading to domoic acid bios...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-14-25

    authors: Boissonneault KR,Henningsen BM,Bates SS,Robertson DL,Milton S,Pelletier J,Hogan DA,Housman DE

    更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00

  • cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) activates transcription via two distinct genetic elements of the human glucose-6-phosphatase gene.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase catalyzes the dephosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphatase to glucose, the final step in the gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic pathways. Expression of the glucose-6-phosphatase gene is induced by glucocorticoids and elevated levels of intracellular cAMP. The effect of cAMP in re...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-6-2

    authors: Thiel G,Al Sarraj J,Stefano L

    更新日期:2005-01-19 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR studies in Candida glabrata following azole treatment.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The selection of stable and suitable reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a crucial prerequisite for reliable gene expression analysis under different experimental conditions. The present study aimed to identify reference genes as internal controls for gene expression studies by RT-qPC...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-13-22

    authors: Li QQ,Skinner J,Bennett JE

    更新日期:2012-06-29 00:00:00

  • Accumulation of large non-circular forms of the chromosome in recombination-defective mutants of Escherichia coli.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Double-strand breakage of chromosomal DNA is obviously a serious threat to cells because various activities of the chromosome depend on its integrity. However, recent experiments suggest that such breakage may occur frequently during "normal" growth in various organisms - from bacteria through vertebrates, p...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-4-5

    authors: Handa N,Kobayashi I

    更新日期:2003-04-28 00:00:00

  • Identification of ColR binding consensus and prediction of regulon of ColRS two-component system.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Conserved two-component system ColRS of Pseudomonas genus has been implicated in several unrelated phenotypes. For instance, deficiency of P. putida ColRS system results in lowered phenol tolerance, hindrance of transposition of Tn4652 and lysis of a subpopulation of glucose-grown bacteria. In order to disco...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-10-46

    authors: Kivistik PA,Kivi R,Kivisaar M,Hõrak R

    更新日期:2009-05-16 00:00:00

  • Identification of two amino acids in the C-terminal domain of mouse CRY2 essential for PER2 interaction.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Cryptochromes (CRYs) are a class of flavoprotein blue-light signaling receptors found in plants and animals, and they control plant development and the entrainment of circadian rhythms. They also act as integral parts of the central circadian oscillator in humans and other animals. In mammals, the CLOCK-BMAL...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-11-69

    authors: Ozber N,Baris I,Tatlici G,Gur I,Kilinc S,Unal EB,Kavakli IH

    更新日期:2010-09-14 00:00:00

  • Post-translational generation of constitutively active cores from larger phosphatases in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum: implications for proteomics.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the complete genome sequences of a large number of organisms have been determined, the exact proteomes need to be characterized. More specifically, the extent to which post-translational processes such as proteolysis affect the synthesized proteins has remained unappreciated. We examined this issue ...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-5-6

    authors: Kumar R,Musiyenko A,Oldenburg A,Adams B,Barik S

    更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00

  • Comparative in silico analysis identifies bona fide MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte stress 1 gene promoter.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Myocyte stress 1 (MS1) is a striated muscle actin binding protein required for the muscle specific activity of the evolutionary ancient myocardin related transcription factor (MRTF)/serum response factor (SRF) transcriptional pathway. To date, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that govern skelet...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-9-50

    authors: Ounzain S,Dacwag CS,Samani NJ,Imbalzano AN,Chong NW

    更新日期:2008-05-19 00:00:00

  • Novel insight into the composition of human single-stranded DNA-binding protein 1 (hSSB1)-containing protein complexes.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins are essential cellular components required for the protection, metabolism and processing of single-stranded DNA. Human single-stranded DNA-binding protein 1 (hSSB1) is one such protein, with described roles in genome stability maintenance and transcriptional regulation. A...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/s12867-016-0077-5

    authors: Ashton NW,Loo D,Paquet N,O'Byrne KJ,Richard DJ

    更新日期:2016-12-09 00:00:00

  • Alternative splicing and differential subcellular localization of the rat FGF antisense gene product.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:GFG/NUDT is a nudix hydrolase originally identified as the product of the fibroblast growth factor-2 antisense (FGF-AS) gene. While the FGF-AS RNA has been implicated as an antisense regulator of FGF-2 expression, the expression and function of the encoded GFG protein is largely unknown. Alternative splicing...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-9-10

    authors: Zhang SC,MacDonald KA,Baguma-Nibasheka M,Geldenhuys L,Casson AG,Murphy PR

    更新日期:2008-01-23 00:00:00

  • Requirements for E1A dependent transcription in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The human adenovirus type 5 early region 1A (E1A) gene encodes proteins that are potent regulators of transcription. E1A does not bind DNA directly, but is recruited to target promoters by the interaction with sequence specific DNA binding proteins. In mammalian systems, E1A has been shown to contain two reg...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-10-32

    authors: Yousef AF,Brandl CJ,Mymryk JS

    更新日期:2009-04-17 00:00:00

  • GATA elements control repression of cardiac troponin I promoter activity in skeletal muscle cells.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:We reported previously that the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) promoter drives cardiac-specific expression of reporter genes in cardiac muscle cells and in transgenic mice, and that disruption of GATA elements inactivates the cTnI promoter in cultured cardiomyocytes. We have now examined the role of cTnI promoter...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-8-78

    authors: Di Lisi R,Picard A,Ausoni S,Schiaffino S

    更新日期:2007-09-17 00:00:00

  • Phylogeny and expression of carbonic anhydrase-related proteins.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are found in many organisms, in which they contribute to several important biological processes. The vertebrate alpha-CA family consists of 16 subfamilies, three of which (VIII, X and XI) consist of acatalytic proteins. These are named carbonic anhydrase related proteins (CARPs), an...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-11-25

    authors: Aspatwar A,Tolvanen ME,Parkkila S

    更新日期:2010-03-31 00:00:00

  • Identification of suitable reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR analysis of hydrogen peroxide-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Oxidative stress can induce cell injury in vascular endothelial cells, which is the initial event in the development of atherosclerosis. Although quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) has been widely used in gene expression studies in oxidative stress injuries, using carefully validated ...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/s12867-017-0086-z

    authors: Li T,Diao H,Zhao L,Xing Y,Zhang J,Liu N,Yan Y,Tian X,Sun W,Liu B

    更新日期:2017-04-05 00:00:00

  • Identification, characterization and expression of novel Sex Hormone Binding Globulin alternative first exons in the human prostate.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The human Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) gene, located at 17p13.1, comprises, at least, two different transcription units regulated by two different promoters. The first transcription unit begins with the exon 1 sequence and is responsible for the production of plasma SHBG by the hepatocytes, while the ...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-10-59

    authors: Pinós T,Barbosa-Desongles A,Hurtado A,Santamaria-Martínez A,de Torres I,Morote J,Reventós J,Munell F

    更新日期:2009-06-17 00:00:00

  • Single and combinatorial chromatin coupling events underlies the function of transcript factor Krüppel-like factor 11 in the regulation of gene networks.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a group of master regulators of gene expression conserved from flies to human. However, scant information is available on either the mechanisms or functional impact of the coupling of KLF proteins to chromatin remodeling machines, a deterministic step in transcriptional regula...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-15-10

    authors: Calvo E,Grzenda A,Lomberk G,Mathison A,Iovanna J,Urrutia R

    更新日期:2014-05-25 00:00:00

  • Transpositionally active episomal hAT elements.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:hAT elements and V(D)J recombination may have evolved from a common ancestral transposable element system. Extrachromosomal, circular forms of transposable elements (referred to here as episomal forms) have been reported yet their biological significance remains unknown. V(D)J signal joints, which resemble e...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-10-108

    authors: O'Brochta DA,Stosic CD,Pilitt K,Subramanian RA,Hice RH,Atkinson PW

    更新日期:2009-12-14 00:00:00

  • TRPC1 transcript variants, inefficient nonsense-mediated decay and low up-frameshift-1 in vascular smooth muscle cells.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 1 (TRPC1) is a widely-expressed mammalian cationic channel with functional effects that include stimulation of cardiovascular remodelling. The initial aim of this study was to investigate variation in TRPC1-encoding gene transcripts. RESULTS:Extensive TRPC1 transcript ...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-12-30

    authors: Dedman AM,Majeed Y,Tumova S,Zeng F,Kumar B,Munsch C,Bateson AN,Wittmann J,Jäck HM,Porter KE,Beech DJ

    更新日期:2011-07-12 00:00:00

  • Discriminating nucleosomes containing histone H2A.Z or H2A based on genetic and epigenetic information.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Nucleosomes are nucleoproteic complexes, formed of eight histone molecules and DNA, and they are responsible for the compaction of the eukaryotic genome. Their presence on DNA influences many cellular processes, such as transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair. The evolutionarily conserved histone vari...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-10-18

    authors: Gervais AL,Gaudreau L

    更新日期:2009-03-04 00:00:00

  • Characterization of Stra8 in Southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis): evidence for its role in meiotic initiation.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:RA (retinoic acid) signal pathway has been proved to be required for germ cell meiotic initiation in mammals, aves and amphibians. Stra8 (Stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8) is an important factor in RA signal pathway. However, the role of RA and Stra8 in germ cell meiotic initiation in teleosts is poorly ch...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-14-11

    authors: Dong R,Yang S,Jiao J,Wang T,Shi H,Zhou L,Zhang Y,Wang D

    更新日期:2013-05-22 00:00:00

  • What is normal? Next generation sequencing-driven analysis of the human circulating miRNAOme.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-protein-coding RNA species that have a regulatory function in modulating protein translation and degradation of specific mRNAs. MicroRNAs are estimated to target approximately 60% of all human mRNAs and are associated with the regulation of all physiological processes. Simila...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/s12867-016-0057-9

    authors: Tonge DP,Gant TW

    更新日期:2016-02-09 00:00:00

  • Rad9 modulates the P21WAF1 pathway by direct association with p53.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies suggest that human RAD9 (hRad9), encoding a DNA damage checkpoint molecule, which is frequently amplified in epithelial tumor cells of breast, lung, head and neck cancer, participates in regulation of the tumor suppressor p53-dependent transactivation of pro-survival P21WAF1. This study exam...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-8-37

    authors: Ishikawa K,Ishii H,Murakumo Y,Mimori K,Kobayashi M,Yamamoto K,Mori M,Nishino H,Furukawa Y,Ichimura K

    更新日期:2007-05-21 00:00:00

  • Sequence periodicity of Escherichia coli is concentrated in intergenic regions.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Sequence periodicity with a period close to the DNA helical repeat is a very basic genomic property. This genomic feature was demonstrated for many prokaryotic genomes. The Escherichia coli sequences display the period close to 11 base pairs. RESULTS:Here we demonstrate that practically only ApA/TpT dinucle...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-5-14

    authors: Hosid S,Trifonov EN,Bolshoy A

    更新日期:2004-08-26 00:00:00

  • Functional characterization of the sciarid BhC4-1 core promoter in transgenic Drosophila.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Core promoters are cis-regulatory modules to which bind the basal transcriptional machinery and which participate in the regulation of transcription initiation. Although core promoters have not been extensively investigated through functional assays in a chromosomal context, the available data suggested that...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-12-32

    authors: Garcia AC,Gitaí DL,Humann FC,Paçó-Larson ML,Monesi N

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Downregulation of microRNA-100 protects apoptosis and promotes neuronal growth in retinal ganglion cells.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are preferentially lost in glaucoma or optic neuritis. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of mircoRNA 100 (miR-100) against oxidative stress induced apoptosis in RGC-5 cells. RESULTS:Rat RGC-5 cells were cultured in plates and H2O2 was added to induce o...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/s12867-014-0025-1

    authors: Kong N,Lu X,Li B

    更新日期:2014-11-18 00:00:00

  • Transcriptional response of pancreatic beta cells to metabolic stimulation: large scale identification of immediate-early and secondary response genes.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Physiological long term adaptation of pancreatic beta cells is driven by stimuli such as glucose and incretin hormones acting via cAMP (e.g. GLP-1) and involves regulated gene expression. Several rapidly inducible immediate-early genes (IEGs) have been identified in beta cells. Many of these IEGs code for tr...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-8-54

    authors: Glauser DA,Brun T,Gauthier BR,Schlegel W

    更新日期:2007-06-22 00:00:00

  • Nuclear distribution and chromatin association of DNA polymerase alpha-primase is affected by TEV protease cleavage of Cdc23 (Mcm10) in fission yeast.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Cdc23/Mcm10 is required for the initiation and elongation steps of DNA replication but its biochemical function is unclear. Here, we probe its function using a novel approach in fission yeast, involving Cdc23 cleavage by the TEV protease. RESULTS:Insertion of a TEV protease cleavage site into Cdc23 allows i...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-6-13

    authors: Yang X,Gregan J,Lindner K,Young H,Kearsey SE

    更新日期:2005-06-07 00:00:00

  • Validation of reference genes for quantitative expression analysis by real-time RT-PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Real-time RT-PCR is the recommended method for quantitative gene expression analysis. A compulsory step is the selection of good reference genes for normalization. A few genes often referred to as HouseKeeping Genes (HSK), such as ACT1, RDN18 or PDA1 are among the most commonly used, as their expression is a...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-10-99

    authors: Teste MA,Duquenne M,François JM,Parrou JL

    更新日期:2009-10-30 00:00:00

  • Small nucleolar RNA Sf-15 regulates proliferation and apoptosis of Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) function in guiding 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). In recent years, more and more snoRNAs have been found to play novel roles in mRNA regulation, such as pre-mRNA splicing or RNA editing. In our previous study, ...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/s12867-019-0128-9

    authors: Wu B,Huang L,Qiu W,Liu X,Shen Y,Lu Y,Yang Z,Li X,Cui B,Xu S,Qiao H,Qiu R,Yao L,Kan Y,Li D

    更新日期:2019-04-11 00:00:00

  • Deletion of the cruciform binding domain in CBP/14-3-3 displays reduced origin binding and initiation of DNA replication in budding yeast.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication involves many protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. We have previously shown that 14-3-3 proteins bind cruciform DNA and associate with mammalian and yeast replication origins in a cell cycle dependent manner. RESULTS:By expressing the human 14-3-3epsilon, as...

    journal_title:BMC molecular biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1186/1471-2199-8-27

    authors: Yahyaoui W,Callejo M,Price GB,Zannis-Hadjopoulos M

    更新日期:2007-04-12 00:00:00