Abstract:
:Mammals and birds are the only animals that exhibit high-amplitude slow-waves (SWs) in the electroencephalogram during sleep. The SWs that characterize slow-wave sleep (SWS) in mammals and birds reflect the large-scale synchronization of slow neuronal activity. In mammals, this synchronization is dependent upon the high degree of interconnectivity within the neocortex, a cytoarchitectonic trait also found in the avian hyperpallium, but not the reptilian dorsal cortex. Consequently, I recently proposed that the presence of SWs in sleeping mammals and birds, and their absence in sleeping reptiles, is attributable to the greater degree of interconnectivity within the neocortex and hyperpallium when compared to the dorsal cortex [N.C. Rattenborg, Evolution of slow-wave sleep and palliopallial connectivity in mammals and birds: A hypothesis, Brain Res. Bull. 69 (2006) 20-29]. Rial et al. (this issue) challenge this hypothesis by noting that high-amplitude SWs occur in awake reptiles. Based largely on this observation, they suggest that SWS in homeotherms evolved from reptilian wakefulness. SWs in awake reptiles do not seem to reflect neural processes comparable to those that generate sleep-related SWs in homeotherms, however. Moreover, the proposed conversion of reptilian wakefulness into SWS is untenable from behavioral, mechanistic and functional perspectives. A more parsimonious explanation is that the precursor state to SWS in homeotherms was a state comparable to reptilian sleep, rather than wakefulness, with the primary difference being that the reptilian dorsal cortex lacks the interconnectivity necessary to generate sleep-related SWs in the electroencephalogram.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Rattenborg NCdoi
10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.02.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-05-30 00:00:00pages
187-93issue
4-6eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
S0361-9230(07)00077-9journal_volume
72pub_type
评论,杂志文章abstract::The goal of this study was to determine if the dorsal noradrenergic bundle (DNAB) plays an essential role in mediating increased plasma renin activity (PRA) and hypothalamic activation, as indicated by increased Fos expression, in response to a small volume blood loss in unanesthetized animals. Male Sprague-Dawley rat...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2004.03.008
更新日期:2004-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::In pigeons, the tectofugal system is functionally as well as structurally lateralized. So for example the right nucleus rotundus is less modulated by right forebrain influences than the left nucleus rotundus by the left ones. This functional lateralization pattern may depend on a dynamic balance between left and right...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.10.031
更新日期:2008-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Recent in vivo electrophysiological studies in our laboratory demonstrated medial thalamus (MT) induced short-term facilitation in the middle layers of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The aim of the present study was to investigate different forms of short-term plasticity (STP) in layer II/III of the ACC in an in...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.10.011
更新日期:2007-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::The olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) rat model of depression has been widely used in studies on the behavioral and neurochemical aspects of human depression. The objective of the present investigation was to assess open field (OF) activity and the brain regional 5-HT(1A) receptor densities of the sham operated (SHX) and ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.09.005
更新日期:2008-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Fourteen patients with high- (n = 7) and low-dose (n = 7) benzodiazepine (BDZ) dependency presented predominantly with anxious and depressive neurotic symptoms which caused long-term BDZ medication. Their BDZ dependency was characterized by giving preference to the abuse of benzodiazepines with long elimination half-l...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(87)90109-2
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten years after the discovery of human diseases caused by trinucleotide repeat expansions, searching for mechanistic links between gene mutation and pathological phenotype remains a fundamental and unsolved issue. Evidence accumulated so far indicates that the pathogenesis of repeat disorders is complex and multi-fact...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00651-7
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Due to its poor prognosis, there is a major negative impact on the patients and their family's life quality. However, despite the severity of this pathology tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA approved treatment for ischemic strok...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.07.015
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined effects of omega-conotoxin previously known as a selective blocker of N-type calcium channels, on the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced currents in the rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. These neurons express at least two types of ionotropic purinoreceptors: P2X3 receptors that have very rapid desensitiz...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00433-6
更新日期:2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are involved in cancer initiation and metastasis, and sometimes mediate cell communication by releasing exosomes and delivering microRNAs (miRNAs). The study aims to investigate the effects of exosomal hsa-miR-23b-3p derived from human BMSCs on intracranial aneurysm (IA). Fir...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.09.003
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that spinal nociceptive sensory transmission receives descending inhibitory and facilitatory modulation from supraspinal structures. Glutamate is the major fast excitatory transmitter between primary afferent fibers and spinal dorsal horn neurons. In whole-cell patch clamp recordings from dorsal horn neuro...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00470-1
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) multiple-unit activity (MUA) and single visual evoked responses (VER) followed by afterdischarge (AD) were examined in lightly restrained albino rats. It was found that VER AD spike components are initially quite prominent, exceeding at times the amplitude of the broad surface ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(81)90102-7
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A wealth of previous studies reported pathological alterations in extrahippocampal regions in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Previous experimental findings have also demonstrated that the entorhinal cortex and the neocortex are damaged in different animal models of acute limbic seizures. The present study was aimed at...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00811-0
更新日期:2002-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sexually relevant pheromonal cues are detected by the vomeronasal system which includes the posterodorsal part of the medial amygdala, the posteromedial part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the medial preoptic area. Copulatory behavior is impaired in mice lacking functional aromatase, the enzyme convert...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(03)00035-2
更新日期:2003-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The large neurons in the rat neostriatum consist of at least two morphologically distinct types in Golgi preparations: Type I large cells had smooth somata whereas type II large cells had somatic spines. In the present study, the ultrastructural morphology of the Golgi-stained large neostriatal neurons in the rat was ...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(82)90091-0
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review focuses on the maturation of brain white-matter, as revealed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging carried out in healthy subjects. The review begins with a brief description of the nature of the MR signal and its possible biological underpinnings, and proceeds with a description of MR findings obtained in ne...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00434-2
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The formalin test was used to measure the analgesia induced by restraint in male and female rats. Animals were restrained for 30 min or left undisturbed in their cage and then (1) killed immediately to collect blood for hormonal determinations; or (2) subcutaneously injected with formalin in the hind paw (or sham-inje...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(98)00063-x
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was performed to elucidate the mechanism by which adenosine triphosphate (ATP) encapsulated into liposomes was able to protect against experimental brain ischemia in the rat. After intracarotidal administration of liposomally entrapped ATP, the ATP blood level increased dramatically whereas no change was ob...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(91)90004-4
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fetal mouse raphe and hippocampal tissue (from embryos with crown-rump length (CRL) 13-16 mm) was transplanted into adult and aged isogenetic mice to study the growth of serotonergic fibers between host and donor tissue. A specific antibody against serotonin (5-HT) was used to immunocytochemically visualize 5-HT conta...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(81)90122-2
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of gender and stage of the estrous cycle on the levels of acetylcholine, serotonin, and noradrenaline in the hippocampus and on the susceptibility of the cholinergic septo-hippocampal pathway to the neurotoxic effect of ethylcholine aziridinium (AF64A) was investigated in the rat. Levels of acetylcholine...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(93)90019-8
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the behavioral, nutritional, and metabolic events that control dietary intake quality. Two experiments are described that manipulate nutritional conditions that have been hypothesized to affect dietary item choice so as to assess what effect, if any, the added factor of genetic obesity has in mod...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(85)90112-1
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule that modulates several physiological processes, including signal transmission in the central nervous system. There is evidence supporting NO as a major neurotransmitter involved in motor and emotion/behavior control. We investigated the distribution and morphology of n...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.003
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We quantitated the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in homogenates and subcellular fractions of inner ear tissues from the rat and guinea pig and demonstrate inhibition of cochlear ODC by the aminoglycoside neomycin. Subcellular fractionation showed the enzyme associated with the post-mitochondrial supernatan...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(87)90056-6
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The drug delivery across the brain has always been problematic due to the tight junction present namely the blood brain barrier (BBB). BBB only allows selected pharmaceutical drugs to get across it and reach the brain via lipid free diffusion process and exert their therapeutic effect. This leads to the decrease in dr...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.08.003
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonin has been postulated to influence several developmental parameters. The potential role of serotonin in the development of the rat olfactory bulb, a simple cortical structure, was determined following selective depletion of serotonin to the olfactory bulb of neonate rats. In the neonate, 5,7-dHT was injected i...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(94)90062-0
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hippocampal theta activity is a large amplitude, sinusoidal wave that occurs during attentive immobility and exploratory behaviour in the rat, and it is thought to be involved in memory formation. Recent reports suggest that corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) has pro-mnemonic effects in rodents. Because memory-enha...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(99)00039-8
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dynamics of hypothalamic arginine vasopressin (AVP) release was examined during the development of hypertension in rats with deoxycorticosterone (DOCA)-NaCL induced hypertension. Experiments were performed in four groups of uninephrectomized Sprague-Dawley rats 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment with: (I) DOCA a...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(86)90016-x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of calmodulin (CaM) in organelle motility (fast axonal transport) in the axoplasm of the squid giant axon was evaluated directly using video-enhanced microscopy. Addition of 6 microM CaM to extruded squid axoplasm produced a 2.6-fold increase in the number of organelles moving per minute per unit area of axop...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(94)00256-8
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of alpha-2 adrenoceptors in the milk-ejection reflex was investigated by making electrophysiological recordings from oxytocin neurones in the supraoptic nucleus of urethane-anaesthetised rats. Systemic administration of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist. Idazoxan (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.), temporarily suppressed OT...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(97)00115-9
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the regulation of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH) release was studied using rat hypothalamic slices in vitro. Perifusion with GABA (10(-8)-10(-4) M) caused a dose-dependent increase in GnRH release. The GABAA receptor agonist isoguvacine (10(-5) M) also stimu...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0361-9230(88)90208-0
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An improved comparative interpretation of the teleostean forebrain suggests that the dorsal tier (Vd,Vc) and ventral tier (Vv,Vl) nuclei of the ventral telencephalic area (subpallium) represent the striatum and septum, respectively. Among other arguments, a dopaminergic innervation originating in the diencephalic post...
journal_title:Brain research bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00666-9
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00