Synthesis of the next-generation therapeutic antibodies that combine cell targeting and antibody-catalyzed prodrug activation.

abstract：:We have previously shown that the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G) can be incorporated into the virions of retroviruses. Since expression of VSV-G is toxic to most mammalian cells, development of stable VSV-G packaging cell lines requires inducible VSV-G expression. We have modified the tetracycline-ind...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen ST,Iida A,Guo L,Friedmann T,Yee JK

更新日期：1996-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Early members of the dinosaur-pterosaur clade Ornithodira are very rare in the fossil record, obscuring our understanding of the origins of this important group. Here, we describe an early ornithodiran (Kongonaphon kely gen. et sp. nov.) from the Mid-to-Upper Triassic of Madagascar that represents one of the smallest ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kammerer CF,Nesbitt SJ,Flynn JJ,Ranivoharimanana L,Wyss AR

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluorescence properties of GFP are strongly influenced by the protonation states of its chromophore and nearby amino acid side chains. In the ground state, the GFP chromophore is neutral and absorbs in the near UV. Upon excitation, the chromophore is deprotonated, and the resulting anionic chromophore emits its gr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kennis JT,Larsen DS,van Stokkum IH,Vengris M,van Thor JJ,van Grondelle R

更新日期：2004-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The I-J subregion of the mouse major histocompatibility complex has been reported to encode antigenic determinants expressed by suppressor T cells. Previously, cosmid clones were obtained from mouse sperm DNA that contain all of the sequences between the I-A and I-E subregions, where I-J has been mapped genetically. H...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kronenberg M,Steinmetz M,Kobori J,Kraig E,Kapp JA,Pierce CW,Sorensen CM,Suzuki G,Tada T,Hood L

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug resistance testing has been shown to be beneficial for clinical management of HIV type 1 infected patients. Whereas phenotypic assays directly measure drug resistance, the commonly used genotypic assays provide only indirect evidence of drug resistance, the major challenge being the interpretation of the sequence...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beerenwinkel N,Schmidt B,Walter H,Kaiser R,Lengauer T,Hoffmann D,Korn K,Selbig J

更新日期：2002-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We performed the first genome-wide expression analysis directly comparing the expression profile of highly enriched normal human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and leukemic stem cells (LSC) from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Comparing the expression signature of normal HSC to that of LSC, we identified 3...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Majeti R,Becker MW,Tian Q,Lee TL,Yan X,Liu R,Chiang JH,Hood L,Clarke MF,Weissman IL

更新日期：2009-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:SapB is a morphogenetic peptide that is important for aerial mycelium formation by the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor. Production of SapB commences during aerial mycelium formation and depends on most of the genes known to be required for the morphogenesis of aerial hyphae. Furthermore, the application ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kodani S,Hudson ME,Durrant MC,Buttner MJ,Nodwell JR,Willey JM

更新日期：2004-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In some countries across the globe, tropical forest cover is increasing. The national-scale reforestation of Vietnam since 1992 is assumed to contribute to this recovery. It is achieved, however, by the displacement of forest extraction to other countries on the order of 49 (34-70) M m(3), or approximately 39% of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meyfroidt P,Lambin EF

更新日期：2009-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Key predictions of the Hubble law are inconsistent with direct observations on equitable complete samples of extragalactic sources in the optical, infrared, and x-ray wave bands-e.g., the predicted dispersion in apparent magnitude is persistently greatly in excess of its observed value, precluding an explanation via h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Segal IE

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After males of Lasioglossum zephyrum (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) have first been exposed to a conspecific female, the attractiveness of a second female diminishes with increasing genealogical relationship between the two females. The most parsimonious explanation for this is a polygenically controlled female sex pheromo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith BH

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although de novo protein design is an important endeavor with implications for understanding protein folding, until now, structures have been determined for only a few 25- to 30-residue designed miniproteins. Here, the NMR solution structure of a complex 73-residue three-helix bundle protein, alpha3D, is reported. The...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walsh ST,Cheng H,Bryson JW,Roder H,DeGrado WF

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous international bodies have advocated the development of strategies to achieve the sustainability of marine environments. Typically, such strategies are based on information from expert groups about causes of degradation and policy options to address them, but these strategies rarely take into account assessed ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gelcich S,Buckley P,Pinnegar JK,Chilvers J,Lorenzoni I,Terry G,Guerrero M,Castilla JC,Valdebenito A,Duarte CM

更新日期：2014-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of mice with sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei or Plasmodium yoelii has been used extensively to evaluate liver-stage protection by candidate preerythrocytic malaria vaccines. Unfortunately, repeated success of such vaccines in mice has not translated readily to effective malaria vaccines in humans. Thus, mi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmidt NW,Podyminogin RL,Butler NS,Badovinac VP,Tucker BJ,Bahjat KS,Lauer P,Reyes-Sandoval A,Hutchings CL,Moore AC,Gilbert SC,Hill AV,Bartholomay LC,Harty JT

更新日期：2008-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Fine finger and hand movements in humans, monkeys, and rats are under the direct control of the corticospinal tract (CST). CST lesions lead to severe, long-term deficits of precision movements. We transected completely both CSTs in adult rats and treated the animals for 2 weeks with an antibody that neutralized the ce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raineteau O,Fouad K,Noth P,Thallmair M,Schwab ME

更新日期：2001-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of unknown cause that afflicts the central nervous system. MS is typified by a highly clonally restricted antigen-driven antibody response that is confined largely to the central nervous system. The major antigenic targets of this response and the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Williamson RA,Burgoon MP,Owens GP,Ghausi O,Leclerc E,Firme L,Carlson S,Corboy J,Parren PW,Sanna PP,Gilden DH,Burton DR

更新日期：2001-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Beyond state-of-the-art lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology with metallic lithium anodes to replace conventional ion intercalation anode materials is highly desirable because of lithium's highest specific capacity (3,860 mA/g) and lowest negative electrochemical potential (∼3.040 V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu KK,Gong Y,Dai J,Gong A,Han X,Yao Y,Wang C,Wang Y,Chen Y,Yan C,Li Y,Wachsman ED,Hu L

更新日期：2016-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Species expanding into new habitats as a result of climate change or human introductions will frequently encounter resident competitors. Theoretical models suggest that such interspecific competition can alter the speed of expansion and the shape of expanding range boundaries. However, competitive interactions are rar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Legault G,Bitters ME,Hastings A,Melbourne BA

更新日期：2020-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The post-translational proteolytic conversion of somatostatin-14 precursors was studied to characterize the enzyme system responsible for the production of the tetradecapeptide either from its 15-kDa precursor protein or from its COOH-terminal fragment, somatostatin-28. A synthetic undecapeptide Pro-Arg-Glu-Arg-Lys-Al...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gluschankof P,Morel A,Gomez S,Nicolas P,Fahy C,Cohen P

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine is believed to contribute to the degeneration of dopamine-containing neurons in the brain. However, whether dopamine affects the survival of other neuronal populations has remained unclear. Here we document that mice with persistently elevated extracellular dopamine, resulting from inactivation of the dopamin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cyr M,Beaulieu JM,Laakso A,Sotnikova TD,Yao WD,Bohn LM,Gainetdinov RR,Caron MG

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Scientific journal publications, and their contributions to knowledge, can be described by their depth (specialized, domain-specific knowledge extensions) and breadth (topical scope, including spanning multiple knowledge domains). Toward generating hypotheses about how scientists' personal dispositions would uniquely ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bateman TS,Hess AM

更新日期：2015-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Cumulative distributions of the number of doublings undergone by mixed megakaryocytic/erythroblastic colonies and by pure megakaryocytic colonies were determined from plasma clot cultures of bone marrow (from C57BL/6 mice) supplemented with erythropoietin. Analysis of these distributions suggests that these colonies a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paulus JM,Prenant M,Deschamps JF,Henry-Amar M

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cell of the bacterium Escherichia coli was tethered covalently to a glass coverslip by a single flagellum, and its rotation was stopped by using optical tweezers. The tweezers acted directly on the cell body or indirectly, via a trapped polystyrene bead. The torque generated by the flagellar motor was determined by ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berry RM,Berg HC

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:A pluripotent cell line, C3H10T1/2, is induced to undergo adipogenesis by a mixture of factors that includes a glucocorticoid such as dexamethasone. We found that expression of myostatin (MSTN), a TGF-beta family member extensively studied in muscle, was induced by dexamethasone under those differentiation conditions....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Feldman BJ,Streeper RS,Farese RV Jr,Yamamoto KR

更新日期：2006-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium, a universal second messenger, regulates diverse cellular processes in eukaryotes. Ca2+ and Ca2+/calmodulin-regulated protein phosphorylation play a pivotal role in amplifying and diversifying the action of Ca(2+)-binding domain was cloned and characterized from lily. The cDNA clone contains an open reading fr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Patil S,Takezawa D,Poovaiah BW

更新日期：1995-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Groups of subjects with different degrees of glucose intolerance were examined in order to determine, first, the capacity of the beta cells to release insulin upon glucose stimulation and, second, sensitivity to insulin. The groups were selected on the basis of fasting blood glucose value and tolerances to oral and in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Efendić S,Wajngot A,Cerasi E,Luft R

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The land plants and their immediate green algal ancestors, the charophytes, form the Streptophyta. There is evidence that both the chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) underwent substantial changes in their architecture (intron insertions, gene losses, scrambling in gene order, and genome expansion in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Turmel M,Otis C,Lemieux C

更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Defining the molecules that regulate tumor cell survival is an essential prerequisite for the development of targeted approaches to cancer treatment. Whereas many studies aimed at identifying such targets use human tumor cells grown in vitro or as s.c. xenografts, it is unclear whether such experimental models replica...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Camphausen K,Purow B,Sproull M,Scott T,Ozawa T,Deen DF,Tofilon PJ

更新日期：2005-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanical injury to the adult mammalian spinal cord results in permanent loss of structural integrity at the lesion site and of the brain-controlled function distal to the lesion. Some of these consequences were permanently averted by altering the cellular constituents at the lesion site with x-irradiation delivered ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kalderon N,Fuks Z

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reduction in levels of the potentially toxic amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) has emerged as one of the most important therapeutic goals in Alzheimer's disease. Key targets for this goal are factors that affect the expression and processing of the Abeta precursor protein (betaAPP). Earlier reports from our laboratory ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shaw KT,Utsuki T,Rogers J,Yu QS,Sambamurti K,Brossi A,Ge YW,Lahiri DK,Greig NH

更新日期：2001-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction of activated Ras with Raf initiates signaling cascades that contribute to a significant percentage of human tumors, suggesting that agents that specifically disrupt this interaction might have desirable chemotherapeutic properties. We used a subtractive forward two-hybrid approach to identify small mol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kato-Stankiewicz J,Hakimi I,Zhi G,Zhang J,Serebriiskii I,Guo L,Edamatsu H,Koide H,Menon S,Eckl R,Sakamuri S,Lu Y,Chen QZ,Agarwal S,Baumbach WR,Golemis EA,Tamanoi F,Khazak V

更新日期：2002-10-29 00:00:00