The SapB morphogen is a lantibiotic-like peptide derived from the product of the developmental gene ramS in Streptomyces coelicolor.

abstract：:In the presence of N(alpha),N(epsilon)-diacetyl-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala as donor, and either D-[(14)C]alanine, [(14)C]-glycine, or meso-[(3)H]diaminopimelic acid as acceptor, the DD carboxypeptidases from Streptomyces R61 and R39 catalyze a transpeptidation reaction with the release of terminal D-alanine from the donor and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pollock JJ,Ghuysen JM,Linder R,Salton MR,Perkins HR,Nieto M,Leyh-Bouille M,Frere JM,Johnson K

更新日期：1972-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A further study is made of the intertwining operators for the representations of the simple Lie groups of real rank one. We extend and apply this to the higher rank case, obtaining various results dealing with reducibility of principal series and existence of complementary series. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knapp AW,Stein EM

更新日期：1970-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intense proteolysis of cytoskeletal proteins occurs in brain within minutes of transient ischemia, possibly because of the activation of calcium-sensitive proteases (calpains). This proteolytic event precedes overt signs of neuronal degeneration, is most pronounced in regions of selective neuronal vulnerability, and c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee KS,Frank S,Vanderklish P,Arai A,Lynch G

更新日期：1991-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cortical neurons combine the information ascending and descending the cortical hierarchy. In the classical view, this information is combined nonlinearly to give rise to a single firing-rate output, which collapses all input streams into one. We analyze the extent to which neurons can simultaneously represent mul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Naud R,Sprekeler H

更新日期：2018-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:All vertebrate cells have been shown to contain a gene, sarc, that has some homology with the transforming gene of Rous sarcoma virus, src. We have compared the polypeptide products of the sarc gene, p60(sarc), of human, mouse, and chicken cells with the polymorphic polypeptide product of the src gene, p60(src), of se...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sefton BM,Hunter T,Beemon K

更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported the cloning, sequencing, and partial characterization of Kid-1, a zinc finger-encoding cDNA from the rat kidney. The Kid-1 protein and approximately one-third of all other zinc finger proteins contain a highly conserved region of approximately 75 amino acids at their NH2 terminus named Krüp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Witzgall R,O'Leary E,Leaf A,Onaldi D,Bonventre JV

更新日期：1994-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:High-resolution mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) in animals has proved to be difficult because the large effect sizes detected in crosses between inbred strains are often caused by numerous linked QTLs, each of small effect. In a study of fearfulness in mice, we have shown it is possible to fine map small-effe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mott R,Talbot CJ,Turri MG,Collins AC,Flint J

更新日期：2000-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:IL-7 functions as a trophic factor during T lymphocyte development by a mechanism that is partly based on the induction of Bcl-2, which protects cells from apoptosis. Here we report a mechanism by which cytokine withdrawal activates the prodeath protein Bax. On loss of IL-7 in a dependent cell line, Bax protein transl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khaled AR,Kim K,Hofmeister R,Muegge K,Durum SK

更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Ras is a guanine nucleotide-binding protein that cycles between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states to regulate a diverse array of cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. The guanine nucleotide-bound state of Ras is tightly maintained by regulatory factors to promote regul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Williams JG,Pappu K,Campbell SL

更新日期：2003-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:FIP-3 (14.7K interacting protein) was discovered during a search for cell proteins that could interact with an adenovirus protein (Ad E3-14.7K) that had been shown to prevent tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced cytolysis. FIP-3, which contains leucine zippers and a zinc finger domain, inhibits both basal and ind...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Y,Kang J,Friedman J,Tarassishin L,Ye J,Kovalenko A,Wallach D,Horwitz MS

更新日期：1999-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormone is a major regulator of thermogenesis, acting both in peripheral organs and on central autonomic pathways. Mice heterozygous for a point mutation in thyroid hormone receptor α1 display increased thermogenesis as a consequence of high sympathetic brown fat stimulation. Surprisingly, despite the hypermet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Warner A,Rahman A,Solsjö P,Gottschling K,Davis B,Vennström B,Arner A,Mittag J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fundamental questions of how lubricant molecules organize into a layered structure under nanometers confinement and what is the interplay between layering and friction are still not well answered in the field of nanotribology. While the phase transition of lubricants during a squeeze-out process under compression ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu RG,Leng Y

更新日期：2018-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Biological membranes contain an extraordinary diversity of lipids. Phospholipids function as major structural elements of cellular membranes, and analysis of changes in the highly heterogeneous mixtures of lipids found in eukaryotic cells is central to understanding the complex functions in which lipids participate. P...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ivanova PT,Cerda BA,Horn DM,Cohen JS,McLafferty FW,Brown HA

更新日期：2001-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We have obtained long-term cultures of differentiated proliferating follicular cells from normal adult human thyroid glands. In vitro growth of such human cells has been sustained by a modified F-12 medium, supplemented with bovine hypothalamus and pituitary extracts and no added thyrotropin. Cultures have been expand...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Curcio F,Ambesi-Impiombato FS,Perrella G,Coon HG

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:PUF proteins control both growth and differentiation in the C. elegans germ line. These conserved RNA-binding proteins inhibit expression of target mRNAs, either by repressing translation or promoting degradation. Previous studies showed that PUF-8, a PUF protein with striking similarity to human Pumilio, prevents ret...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bachorik JL,Kimble J

更新日期：2005-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The recombinant plasmid p102 based on pBR322 carrying approximately equal to 50% of the replicator proximal early region of simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA, including the viral origin of replication, has been constructed. It lacks a major part of the large tumor (T) antigen 3'-coding region, the T-antigen termination codon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Horst J,Weckler C,Jacob E,Aulehla-Scholz C,Deppert W

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protocell models are used to investigate how cells might have first assembled on Earth. Some, like oil-in-water droplets, can be seemingly simple models, while able to exhibit complex and unpredictable behaviors. How such simple oil-in-water systems can come together to yield complex and life-like behaviors remains a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Points LJ,Taylor JW,Grizou J,Donkers K,Cronin L

更新日期：2018-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been postulated that, in the adult visual cortex, visual inputs modulate levels of mRNAs coding for neurotransmitter receptors in an activity-dependent manner. To investigate this possibility, we performed a monocular enucleation in adult rabbits and, 15 days later, collected their left and right visual cortice...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nguyen QT,Matute C,Miledi R

更新日期：1998-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:By applying atomic force microscope (AFM)-based force spectroscopy together with computational modeling in the form of molecular force-field simulations, we have determined quantitatively the actuation energetics of a synthetic motor-molecule. This multidisciplinary approach was performed on specifically designed, bis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brough B,Northrop BH,Schmidt JJ,Tseng HR,Houk KN,Stoddart JF,Ho CM

更新日期：2006-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Proofreading mechanisms increase specificity in biochemical reactions by allowing for the dissociation of intermediate complexes. These mechanisms disrupt and reset the reaction to undo errors at the cost of increased time of reaction and free energy expenditure. Here, we draw an analogy between proofreading and micro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murugan A,Huse DA,Leibler S

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the widespread use of silicon in modern technology, its peculiar thermal expansion is not well understood. Adapting harmonic phonons to the specific volume at temperature, the quasiharmonic approximation, has become accepted for simulating the thermal expansion, but has given ambiguous interpretations for micr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim DS,Hellman O,Herriman J,Smith HL,Lin JYY,Shulumba N,Niedziela JL,Li CW,Abernathy DL,Fultz B

更新日期：2018-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In the United States, blood donors are being screened for infection with human T cell lymphotropic viruses I and II (HTLV-I/II) by serologic means, which detect antibodies to the structural proteins of these viruses. Because patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) usually do not have such antibodies even though their cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zucker-Franklin D,Pancake BA,Marmor M,Legler PM

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in the amount, intensity, and timing of precipitation are increasing hydrologic variability in many regions, but we have little understanding of how these changes are affecting freshwater species. Stream-breeding amphibians-a diverse group in North America-may be particularly sensitive to hydrologic variabilit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lowe WH,Swartz LK,Addis BR,Likens GE

更新日期：2019-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Livers of a natural population of winter flounder from a contaminated site in Boston Harbor were examined for the presence of oncogenes by transfection of DNA into NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Tissues analyzed contained histopathologic lesions including abnormal vacuolation, biliary proliferation, and, in many cases, he...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McMahon G,Huber LJ,Moore MJ,Stegeman JJ,Wogan GN

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A target protein for nalidixic and oxolinic acids in Escherichia coli, the nalA gene product (Pnal), was purified to homogeneity as judged by gel electrophoresis, using an in vitro complementation assay. It is a dimer of identical 110,000-dalton subunits. A polypeptide of this molecular weight is uniquely induced by a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sugino A,Peebles CL,Kreuzer KN,Cozzarelli NR

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and the acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP) are pentameric oligomers in which binding sites for nicotinic agonists and competitive antagonists are found at selected subunit interfaces. The nAChR spontaneously exists in multiple conformations associated with its activation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaczanowska K,Harel M,Radić Z,Changeux JP,Finn MG,Taylor P

更新日期：2014-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional lysosomes mediate autophagy and macropinocytosis for nutrient acquisition. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors exhibit high basal lysosomal activity, and inhibition of lysosome function suppresses PDAC cell proliferation and tumor growth. However, the codependencies induced by lysosomal inhibitio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elliott IA,Dann AM,Xu S,Kim SS,Abt ER,Kim W,Poddar S,Moore A,Zhou L,Williams JL,Capri JR,Ghukasyan R,Matsumura C,Tucker DA,Armstrong WR,Cabebe AE,Wu N,Li L,Le TM,Radu CG,Donahue TR

更新日期：2019-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The copy number of plasmid ColE1 has been known to increase when the Hae II-C segment downstream from the replication origin is deleted. The presence of the 306-base-pair (bp) Hpa II region in the segment is sufficient for reduction of the copy number. Plasmids harboring the region express a trans-acting function that...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Som T,Tomizawa J

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mass cytometry enables an unprecedented number of parameters to be measured in individual cells at a high throughput, but the large dimensionality of the resulting data severely limits approaches relying on manual "gating." Clustering cells based on phenotypic similarity comes at a loss of single-cell resolution and o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shekhar K,Brodin P,Davis MM,Chakraborty AK

更新日期：2014-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:By using a combination of genetic, pharmacological, and anatomical approaches, we show that the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), implicated in the control of food intake and energy expenditure, also modulates erectile function and sexual behavior. Evidence supporting this notion is based on several findings: (i) a high...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van der Ploeg LH,Martin WJ,Howard AD,Nargund RP,Austin CP,Guan X,Drisko J,Cashen D,Sebhat I,Patchett AA,Figueroa DJ,DiLella AG,Connolly BM,Weinberg DH,Tan CP,Palyha OC,Pong SS,MacNeil T,Rosenblum C,Vongs A,Tang R

更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00