A role for the melanocortin 4 receptor in sexual function.

abstract：:The results of electron-nuclear double resonance and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies on the hydrogen peroxide compound of yeast cytochrome c peroxidase are inconsistent with previous proposals for the source of the EPR signal in this compound, in particular with its identification with an aromatic amino ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoffman BM,Roberts JE,Brown TG,Kang CH,Margoliash E

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood oxygen level-dependent functional MRI (fMRI) constitutes a powerful neuroimaging technology to map brain-wide functions in response to specific sensory or cognitive tasks. However, fMRI mapping of the vestibular system, which is pivotal for our sense of balance, poses significant challenges. Physical constraints...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leong ATL,Gu Y,Chan YS,Zheng H,Dong CM,Chan RW,Wang X,Liu Y,Tan LH,Wu EX

更新日期：2019-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Before the origin of simple cellular life, the building blocks of RNA (nucleotides) had to form and polymerize in favorable environments on early Earth. At this time, meteorites and interplanetary dust particles delivered organics such as nucleobases (the characteristic molecules of nucleotides) to warm little ponds w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pearce BKD,Pudritz RE,Semenov DA,Henning TK

更新日期：2017-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Control of the establishment of cell polarity is an essential function in tissue morphogenesis and renewal that depends on spatial cues provided by the extracellular environment. The molecular role of cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) contacts on the establishment of cell polarity has been well characterize...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Théry M,Racine V,Piel M,Pépin A,Dimitrov A,Chen Y,Sibarita JB,Bornens M

更新日期：2006-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Most poxviruses, including variola, the causative agent of smallpox, express a secreted protein of 35 kDa, vCCI, which binds CC-chemokines with high affinity. This viral protein competes with the host cellular CC-chemokine receptors (CCRs), reducing inflammation and interfering with the host immune response. Such prot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carfí A,Smith CA,Smolak PJ,McGrew J,Wiley DC

更新日期：1999-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite sharing a common architecture with archetypal voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs), hyperpolarization- and cAMP-activated ion (HCN) channels open upon hyperpolarization rather than depolarization. The basic motions of the voltage sensor and pore gates are conserved, implying that these domains are inversely coup...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cowgill J,Klenchin VA,Alvarez-Baron C,Tewari D,Blair A,Chanda B

更新日期：2019-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:In cat retina, antisera directed against tyrosine hydroxylase (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; EC 1.14.16.2) labeled three morphologically distinct classes of neurons; amacrine cells, displaced amacrine cells, and interplexiform cells. These three cell populations differed not only in their morphologies but also in their nu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oyster CW,Takahashi ES,Cilluffo M,Brecha NC

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For centuries ecologists have studied how the diversity and functional traits of plant and animal communities vary across biomes. In contrast, we have only just begun exploring similar questions for soil microbial communities despite soil microbes being the dominant engines of biogeochemical cycles and a major pool of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fierer N,Leff JW,Adams BJ,Nielsen UN,Bates ST,Lauber CL,Owens S,Gilbert JA,Wall DH,Caporaso JG

更新日期：2012-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The downstream box (DB) is a sequence element that enhances translation of several bacterial and phage mRNAs. It has been proposed that the DB enhances translation by base pairing transiently to bases 1469-1483 of 16S rRNA, the so-called anti-DB, during the initiation phase of translation. We have tested this model of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Connor M,Asai T,Squires CL,Dahlberg AE

更新日期：1999-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Classical studies suggest that high-level cognitive decisions (e.g., choosing between financial options) are suboptimal. In contrast, low-level decisions (e.g., choosing where to put your feet on a rocky ridge) appear near-optimal: the perception-cognition gap. Moreover, in classical tasks, people appear to put too mu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jarvstad A,Hahn U,Rushton SK,Warren PA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) deletion mutant, HR-1, cannot immortalize lymphocytes. HR-1 was derived from a virus strain, Jijoye, that is immortalization competent. Using human antiserum from certain patients with chronic active EBV infection, we have identified in Jijoye cells a protein of apparent mass of 78-80 kDa t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rowe D,Heston L,Metlay J,Miller G

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fanconi anemia (FA) is a recessive disorder characterized by congenital abnormalities, progressive bone-marrow failure, and cancer susceptibility. Cells from FA patients are hypersensitive to agents that produce DNA crosslinks and, after treatment with these agents, have pronounced chromosome breakage and other cytoge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakanishi K,Yang YG,Pierce AJ,Taniguchi T,Digweed M,D'Andrea AD,Wang ZQ,Jasin M

更新日期：2005-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) belong to the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae and are unique in that they exhibit a broad species tropism and cause fatal disease in both animals and humans. They infect cells through a pH-independent membrane fusion process mediated by their fusion and attachme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonaparte MI,Dimitrov AS,Bossart KN,Crameri G,Mungall BA,Bishop KA,Choudhry V,Dimitrov DS,Wang LF,Eaton BT,Broder CC

更新日期：2005-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor α 1 gene (THRA) have recently been identified as a cause of intellectual deficit in humans. Patients present with structural abnormalities including microencephaly, reduced cerebellar volume and decreased axonal density. Here, we show that directed differentiation of THRA muta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krieger TG,Moran CM,Frangini A,Visser WE,Schoenmakers E,Muntoni F,Clark CA,Gadian D,Chong WK,Kuczynski A,Dattani M,Lyons G,Efthymiadou A,Varga-Khadem F,Simons BD,Chatterjee K,Livesey FJ

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Visual speech facilitates auditory speech perception, but the visual cues responsible for these benefits and the information they provide remain unclear. Low-level models emphasize basic temporal cues provided by mouth movements, but these impoverished signals may not fully account for the richness of auditory informa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Plass J,Brang D,Suzuki S,Grabowecky M

更新日期：2020-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (approximately 21 nt), noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate target mRNAs at the posttranscriptional level that are involved in development. In plants, virus-induced disease symptoms often result in developmental abnormalities resembling perturbation of miRNA-mediated function. Here, we ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chellappan P,Vanitharani R,Fauquet CM

更新日期：2005-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Microorganisms have mechanisms to sense their environment and rapidly adapt to survive changes in conditions. In Streptomyces albus, various transcriptional repressors mediate the induction of heat shock genes. The RheA repressor regulates the synthesis of HSP18, a small heat shock protein, which plays a role in therm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Servant P,Grandvalet C,Mazodier P

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleolinus is an RNA-rich compartment, closely apposed to or embedded within the nucleolus. Discovered over 150 y ago, fewer than two dozen articles have been published on the nucleolinus, probably because complex histochemical stains are required for its visualization in the great majority of cells. The nucleoli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alliegro MA,Henry JJ,Alliegro MC

更新日期：2010-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth of colloidal metal nanocrystals typically involves an autocatalytic process, in which the salt precursor adsorbs onto the surface of a growing nanocrystal, followed by chemical reduction to atoms for their incorporation into the nanocrystal. Despite its universal role in the synthesis of colloidal nanocryst...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang TH,Zhou S,Gilroy KD,Figueroa-Cosme L,Lee YH,Wu JM,Xia Y

更新日期：2017-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The enzymic activity of crystalline mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (L-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.1) was determined in suspensions of noncrosslinked microcrystals in 30% (wt/vol) polyethylene glycol. The crystals (average dimensions, 22 x 5 x 0.8 micron) were small enough to preclude ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirsten H,Gehring H,Christen P

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antarctic ozone depletion is associated with enhanced chlorine from anthropogenic chlorofluorocarbons and heterogeneous chemistry under cold conditions. The deep Antarctic "hole" contrasts with the generally weaker depletions observed in the warmer Arctic. An unusually cold Arctic stratospheric season occurred in 2011...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Solomon S,Haskins J,Ivy DJ,Min F

更新日期：2014-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Here the first reproductive sterility system for the tephritid fruit fly pest, Anastrepha suspensa, is presented, based on lethality primarily limited to embryos heterozygous for a conditional lethal transgene combination. This tetracycline (Tet)-suppressible system uses a driver construct having the promoter from the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schetelig MF,Handler AM

更新日期：2012-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Maintaining a fleet of buses to transport students to school is a major expense for school districts. To reduce costs by reusing buses between schools, many districts spread start times across the morning. However, assigning each school a time involves estimating the impact on transportation costs and reconciling addi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bertsimas D,Delarue A,Martin S

更新日期：2019-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Three proteins required for poly(U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis have been separated from yeast. Two of the factors correspond to the elongation factors 1 and 2 described for other eukaryotic systems, according to the criteria of phenylalanyl-tRNA binding and diphtheria toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation. The th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Skogerson L,Wakatama E

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Characterizing the entropy of a system is a crucial, and often computationally costly, step in understanding its thermodynamics. It plays a key role in the study of phase transitions, pattern formation, protein folding, and more. Current methods for entropy estimation suffer from a high computational cost, lack of gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nir A,Sela E,Beck R,Bar-Sinai Y

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells are essential for immune defenses against pathogens, such that viability of naïve T cells before antigen encounter is critical to preserve a polyclonal repertoire and prevent immunodeficiencies. The viability of naïve T cells before antigen recognition is ensured by IL-7, which drives expression of the prosurv...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miller ML,Mashayekhi M,Chen L,Zhou P,Liu X,Michelotti M,Tramontini Gunn N,Powers S,Zhu X,Evaristo C,Alegre ML,Molinero LL

更新日期：2014-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A panel of rat monoclonal antibodies was used to classify mouse mast cells from four different sources on the basis of their surface determinants. Three populations of mast cells were derived by culturing normal bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood cells, whereas the fourth population was isolated directly from t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Katz HR,LeBlanc PA,Russell SW

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Substrate rigidity affects many physiological processes through mechanochemical signals from focal adhesion (FA) complexes that subsequently modulate gene expression. We find that shuttling of the LIM domain (domain discovered in the proteins, Lin11, Isl-1, and Mec-3) protein four-and-a-half LIM domains 2 (FHL2) betwe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakazawa N,Sathe AR,Shivashankar GV,Sheetz MP

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is controversy over the nature of the disturbance in brain development that underpins attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In particular, it is unclear whether the disorder results from a delay in brain maturation or whether it represents a complete deviation from the template of typical development....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shaw P,Eckstrand K,Sharp W,Blumenthal J,Lerch JP,Greenstein D,Clasen L,Evans A,Giedd J,Rapoport JL

更新日期：2007-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hyal-1 locus, which we have previously described and mapped to mouse chromosome 9, influences the serum levels and molecular weight forms of hyaluronidase. We have also shown that the growth of two transplantable tumors, the 3LL carcinoma and the B16F10 melanoma, is influenced by the alleles at Hyal-1, in that the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Maeyer-Guignard J,Lauret E,Eusèbe L,De Maeyer E

更新日期：1993-06-15 00:00:00