Abstract:
:Bacillus subtilis RB14, which showed antibiotic activities against several phytopathogens in vitro by producing the antibiotics iturin A and surfactin, was subjected to a pot test to investigate its ability to suppress damping-off of tomato seedlings caused by Rhizoctonia solani. To facilitate recovery from soil, B. subtilis RB14-C, a spontaneous streptomycin-resistant mutant of RB14, was used. Damping-off was suppressed when the culture broth, cell suspension, or cell-free culture broth of RB14-C was inoculated into soil. Iturin A and surfactin were recovered from the soils inoculated with the cell suspension of RB14-C, confirming that RB14-C produced them in soil. The gene lpa-14, which was cloned from RB14 and required for the production of both antibiotics, was mutated in RB14-C, and a mutant, R(Delta)1, was constructed. The level of disease suppressibility of R(Delta)1 was low, but R(Delta)1(pC115), a transformant of R(Delta)1 with the plasmid pC115 carrying lpa-14, was restored in suppressibility. These results show that the antibiotics iturin A and surfactin produced by RB14 play a major role in the suppression of damping-off caused by R. solani. RB14-C, R(Delta)1, and R(Delta)1(pC115) persisted in soil during the experimental period and were recovered from the soil, mostly as spores.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Asaka O,Shoda Mdoi
10.1128/AEM.62.11.4081-4085.1996keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-11-01 00:00:00pages
4081-5issue
11eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The ubiquitous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi consume significant amounts of plant assimilated C, but this C flow has been difficult to quantify. The neutral lipid fatty acid 16:1omega5 is a quantitative signature for most arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots and soil. We measured carbon transfer from four plant specie...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.5.2592-2599.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the restriction fragment length polymorphism of genomic DNA among 53 strains of the phytopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Twenty-nine strains were isolated from beans, and the rest were isolated from 11 other hosts. Southern blots of DNA digested with EcoRI or HindIII were hybridize...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.12.4180-4188.1993
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactic acid bacteria have a good potential as agents for the delivery of heterologous proteins to the gastrointestinal mucosa and thus for the reequilibration of inappropriate immune responses to food antigens. Bovine beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is considered a major allergen in cow's milk allergy. We have designed recom...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.6.2917-2923.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A set of freshwater mesocosms (1.7 m3 each) was inoculated with large amounts of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, and their culture medium to substantially disturb the natural microbial community. To monitor microbial community dynamics, low-molecular-weight RNA (5S rRNA and tRNA) obtained directly from bacteriop...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.58.10.3387-3394.1992
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peanut kernels (Tainan 9, a Spanish cultivar) inoculated with Aspergillus parasiticus, A. flavus, A. niger, or A. ochraceus as well as noninoculated kernels were incubated in a humidified environment (relative humidity, 100%) at 25(deg)C for 7 weeks. Internal fungal populations and changes in moisture and sucrose cont...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.3.1083-1087.1997
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A methanol-utilizing bacterium, Protaminobacter ruber, produced a large amount of vitamin B(12). The compounds were isolated from the cells and identified as methylcobalamin (methyl-B(12)) and adenosylcobalamin (adenosyl-B(12)) by various tests. The variation in the form of B(12) during cultivation was examined by bio...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.33.3.515-521.1977
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury induced in Escherichia coli cells by chlorination was studied from a physiological standpoint. Predictable and reproducible injury was found to occur rapidly in 0.5 mg of chlorine per liter and was reversible under nonselective conditions. There was an extended lag period in the growth of chlorinated cells not ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.3.633-641.1979
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive pathogen that causes a variety of diseases, including bovine mastitis, which has severe economic consequences. Standard antibiotic treatment results in selection of resistant strains, leading to a need for alternative treatments, such as bacteriophage therapy. Forty-nine S. aur...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02641-08
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiobacillus ferrooxidans AP19-3 oxidized molybdenum blue (Mo) enzymatically. Molybdenum oxidase in the plasma membrane of this bacterium was purified ca. 77-fold compared with molybdenum oxidase in cell extract. A purified molybdenum oxidase showed characteristic absorption maxima due to reduced-type cytochrome oxida...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.58.5.1768-1771.1992
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhodococcus erythropolis I-19, containing multiple copies of key dsz genes, was used to desulfurize alkylated dibenzothiophenes (Cx-DBTs) found in a hydrodesulfurized middle-distillate petroleum (MD 1850). Initial desulfurization rates of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and MD 1850 by I-19 were 5.0 and 2.5 micromol g dry cell ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.11.4967-4972.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toluene dioxygenase from Pseudomonas putida F1 has been implicated as an enzyme capable of degrading trichloroethylene. This has now been confirmed with Escherichia coli JM109(pDTG601) that contains the structural genes (todC1C2BA) of toluene dioxygenase under the control of the tac promoter. The extent of trichloroet...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.12.3162-3166.1989
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some effects of visible light on the survival of Escherichia coli in waters of the Butrón river were studied by comparing illuminated and nonilluminated systems. The following count methods were used: CFU on a selective medium (eosin-methylene blue agar), CFU on a medium of recuperation (Trypticase soy agar with yeast...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.1.246-251.1989
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ammoniacal silver nitrate (10 mg/ml) was added to terminate acetylene reduction assays used to measure nitrogenase activity. Silver nitrate quantitatively precipitated acetylene as the carbide salt, but did not affect the ethylene formed. The vials containing ethylene can be analyzed gas chromatographically at the rat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.39.5.1078-1080.1980
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xenorhabdus nematophila, a bacterium pathogenic for insects associated with the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae, releases high quantities of proteases, which may participate in the virulence against insects. Zymogram assays and cross-reactions of antibodies suggested that two distinct proteases were present. The majo...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.3.1297-1304.2002
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular tools that can provide an estimate of the in situ growth rate of Geobacter species could improve understanding of dissimilatory metal reduction in a diversity of environments. Whole-genome microarray analyses of a subsurface isolate of Geobacter uraniireducens, grown under a variety of conditions, identified...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03263-12
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reduction of hexavalent chromium (chromate) to less-toxic trivalent chromium was studied by using cell suspensions and cell-free supernatant fluids from Pseudomonas putida PRS2000. Chromate reductase activity was associated with soluble protein and not with the membrane fraction. The crude enzyme activity was heat lab...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.7.2268-2270.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cyanobacterium Microcystis can produce microcystins, a family of toxins that are of major concern in water management. In several lakes, the average microcystin content per cell gradually declines from high levels at the onset of Microcystis blooms to low levels at the height of the bloom. Such seasonal dynamics m...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02892-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microscopic eukaryotes are known to have important ecosystem functions, but their diversity in most environments remains vastly unexplored. Here we analyzed an 18S rRNA gene library from a subsurface iron- and sulfur-oxidizing microbial community growing in highly acidic (pH < 0.9) runoff within the Richmond Mine at I...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02500-08
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The wood protection industry has refined their products from chrome-, copper-, and arsenate-based wood preservatives toward solely copper-based preservatives in combination with organic biocides. One of these is Cu-HDO, containing the chelation product of copper and N-cyclohexyldiazenium dioxide (HDO). In this study, ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01092-10
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The actinomycete Streptomyces setonii 75Vi2 demethylates vanillic acid and guaiacol to protocatechuic acid and catechol, respectively, and then metabolizes the products by the beta-ketoadipate pathway. UV spectroscopy showed that this strain could also metabolize veratrole (1,2-dimethoxybenzene). When grown in veratro...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.52.1.98-100.1986
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oxidation of fluorene, a polycyclic hydrocarbon which is not a substrate for fungal lignin peroxidase, was studied in liquid cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and in vitro with P. chrysosporium extracellular enzymes. Intact fungal cultures metabolized fluorene to 9-hydroxyfluorene via 9-fluorenone. Some conv...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.5.1788-1792.1996
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe here the development of a single-reaction multiplex PCR assay for the enterotoxin genes from Staphylococcus aureus that utilizes a universal toxin gene primer in combination with toxin-specific primers to amplify characteristic toxin gene products. In combination with a new DNA purification method, the ass...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.4.1347-1353.2000
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beef carcass sponge samples collected from July to August 1999 at four large processing plants in the United States were surveyed for the presence of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Twenty-eight (93%) of 30 single-source lots surveyed included at least one sample containing non-O157 STEC. Of 33...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.10.4847-4852.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of 10 different bacteria were used to serve as food sources for axenically grown Acanthamoeba castellanii, Acanthamoeba polyphaga, and Hartmannella vermiformis. The nonpigmented enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli K-12 and Klebsiella aerogenes appeared to be excellent feed to all three amoebae. Hardly any gro...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.7.2317-2319.1993
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Alcaligenes eutrophus DSM 545 was studied in a synthetic medium with 3% glucose at pH 7.0 supplemented with several ammonium substrates and cane molasses. Growth was measured by dry cell weight, and the PHB content was measured by gas chromatography. The effects of ammoni...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.1.165-169.1995
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The determination of bacterial densities in aquatic sediments generally requires that a dilution-mixing treatment be used before enumeration of organisms by the most-probable-number fermentation tube method can be done. Differential sediment and organism settling rates may, however, influence the distribution of the m...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.48.4.881-883.1984
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::From Bradyrhizobium japonicum highly reiterated sequence-possessing (HRS) strains indigenous to Niigata and Tokachi in Japan with high copy numbers of the repeated sequences RSalpha and RSbeta (K. Minamisawa, T. Isawa, Y. Nakatsuka, and N. Ichikawa, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:1845-1851, 1998), several insertion sequ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.8.3493-3501.1999
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sequenced the Staphylococcus aureus phospho-beta-galactosidase gene. The protein product of this gene consisted of 470 amino acids, giving a molecular weight of 54,557. This gene appears to be transcribed as the terminal sequence on a polycistronic message. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.5.969-973.1987
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of bacteria in salted anchovies during and at the end of the curing process was investigated. Attempts to isolate bacteria under aerobic or anaerobic conditions led to the isolation of only bacteria of the genus Pediococcus which were identified as Pediococcus halophilus. The isolates correspond to a rath...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.3.664-666.1985
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty fungal genera, including 14 Fusarium species, were examined for ice nucleation activity at -5.0 degrees C, and this activity was found only in Fusarium acuminatum and Fusarium avenaceum. This characteristic is unique to these two species. Ice nucleation activity of F. avenaceum was compared with ice nucleation ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.58.9.2960-2964.1992
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00