Abstract：
:Styrene and its chiral main metabolite styrene-7.8-oxide are well characterized regarding their cytotoxic, genotoxic and neurotoxic properties. To our knowledge, no data exist on the influence of styrene and styrene-7.8-oxide on immune reactions. Epidemiological studies suggest that exposure to environmental pollutants, specifically volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including styrene is one factor contributing to increasing prevalence rates of allergic diseases. In this study, we investigated the modulation of the immune system by styrene-7.8-oxide in vitro. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with styrene-7.8-oxide, either as (S)-enantiomer, (R)-enantiomer, or racemic styrene-7.8-oxide. Subsequently, the secretion of T(H1)-cytokines IFNgamma and IL-12 as well as T(H2)-cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 were measured by ELISA. We introduced a novel mathematical approach to quantify and compare cytokine responses. The results revealed a stimulation of cytokine secretion with emphasis on T(H1)-cytokines IFNgamma and IL-12. The stimulating effects were elicited at concentrations of styrene-7.8-oxide comparable to what would be encountered at industrial workplaces where styrene is processed. Therefore, we conclude that styrene-7.8-oxide exhibits immunomodulating capacities, which can be of clinical relevance for individuals with high styrene exposure.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Merker GH,Metzner G,Raabe Fdoi
10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.06.014keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-05 00:00:00pages
105-11issue
2eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
S0378-4274(05)00189-Xjournal_volume
160pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The effect of a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of cadmium nitrate was investigated in livers of male Wistar rats. A significant increase in liver weight, accompanied by an elevation of total hepatic DNA content was observed. DNA synthesis as measured by the incorporation of [3H]thymidine, was found to be 6 times ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.12.020
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：2011-06-10 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00097-6
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.01.028
更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(92)90290-z
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.09.022
更新日期：2012-01-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00233-9
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.08.014
更新日期：2016-11-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(97)00057-x
更新日期：1997-08-22 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00022-3
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.03.012
更新日期：2019-09-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.016
更新日期：2020-10-10 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(80)90114-9
更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(81)90172-7
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The proceedings in this volume suggest several important future research needs. Research is needed to validate modeling in toxicology in order to support the use of the general approach of modeling, either for structure-activity relationships (SAR) or physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK), by regulators. Resea...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(95)03382-u
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The in vitro interactions of carbaryl and carcinogenic N-nitrosocarbaryl with rat liver microsomal monooxygenase activities are compared. The inhibitory effect of the nitroso-compound is demonstrated to be non-competitive on aminopyrine N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase. The nature of...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(89)90016-7
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:On chronic administration of 20 microliter of chilli extract to the cheek pouch of hamsters till death, 23% of the hamsters developed shrunken eye balls and closing of the eyelids. This effect was not observed in hamsters which received a single application of the potent carcinogen methylacetoxymethyl nitrosamine (DMN...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(85)90002-5
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
