Extrapolating the future: research trends in modeling.

abstract：:Sulfolane is a solvent which produces hypothermia and decreased oxygen consumption following acute exposure. In the present experiment, we investigated effects of sulfolane on a behavioral measure of toxicity at ambient temperatures which would either prevent or facilitate the development of hypothermia. Adult male Lo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ruppert PH,Dyer RS

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)succinimide (NDPS) induces nephrotoxicity via one or more metabolites which arise from oxidation of the succinimide ring. The purpose of this study was to examine the nephrotoxic potential of N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-hydroxysuccinamic acid (3-NDHSA), a potential metabolite of NDPS and a positiona...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rankin GO,Shih H,Teets VJ,Nicoll DW,Brown PI

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the action of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) on the parameters of the cortical and peripheral evoked potentials was investigated in rats in different administration schemes (20 mg/kg i.p. during recording or 24 h before, and 5x 15 mg/kg daily 28 days before recording) to elucidate some neurophysiological ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Szabó A,Papp A,Nagymajtényi L,Vezér T

更新日期：2006-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:1,3-Propane sultone is directly alkylating, genotoxic and carcinogenic. In rats, it induces local and systemic tumours at multiple target sites. Preponderant systemic tumours occur at the central nervous system, especially gliomas. Other localisations include the mammary gland, the intestine, the haematopoietic system...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bolt HM,Golka K

更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Central nervous system dysfunctions (most notably microencephaly and mental retardation) are among the most significant effects of in utero exposure to ethanol. Ethanol causes alterations of both neuronal and glial cells. In particular, ethanol has been shown to inhibit proliferation of astroglial cells stimulated by ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Costa LG,Vitalone A,Guizzetti M

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzene is an occupational and environmental toxicant. The major health concern for humans is acute myelogenous leukemia. To exert its toxic effects, benzene must be metabolized by cytochrome P450 to phenol and subsequently to catechol and hydroquinone. Previous research has implicated CYP2E1 in the metabolism of phen...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Powley MW,Carlson GP

更新日期：2001-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulation of macrophages and neutrophil granulocytes in the lung are key events in the inflammatory response to inhaled particles. The present study aims at the time course of chemotaxis in vitro in response to the challenge of various biopersistent particles and its functional relation to the transcription of infl...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Schremmer I,Brik A,Weber DG,Rosenkranz N,Rostek A,Loza K,Brüning T,Johnen G,Epple M,Bünger J,Westphal GA

更新日期：2016-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Strong epidemiological evidence supports the association between increased air pollution and the risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the mechanism remains unclear. As an environmental air pollutant and benzo-a-pyrene (BP) metabolite, BP-1,6-quinone (BP-1,6-Q) is present in the p...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Shukla H,Chitrakar R,Bibi HA,Gaje G,Koucheki A,Trush MA,Zhu H,Li YR,Jia Z

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a recreational drug of abuse and an injectable anesthetic, ketamine has been shown to cause cognitive dysfunction and induce psychotic states. Although the specific mechanism is still unclear, it may be linked to synaptic receptors, including the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Li Y,Ding R,Ren X,Wen G,Dong Z,Yao H,Tan Y,Yu H,Wang X,Zhan X,Yao J,Lu Y,Zhang G,Wu X

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Free fatty acids (FFA), commonly elevated in diabetes and obesity, have been shown to impair endothelial functions and cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Anthocyanins represent one of the most important and interesting classes of flavonoids and seem to play a role in preventing cardiovascula...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Fratantonio D,Speciale A,Ferrari D,Cristani M,Saija A,Cimino F

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Paracetamol (acetaminophen, APAP) is the most frequently used analgesic drug worldwide. However, patients in several specific populations can have an increased exposure to toxic APAP metabolites. Therefore, APAP-protein adducts have been proposed as an alternative marker for the assessment of APAP intoxications and as...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Delahaye L,Dhont E,De Cock P,De Paepe P,Stove CP

更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical use of gentamicin (G) is limited because of its nephrotoxic potential. The administration of G (50 mg/kg) to rats in a 10-day daily treatment gave a biphasic pattern of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was highly elevated during th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Obatomi DK,Plummer DT

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The elution profile of urine from rats given 63Ni i.p. using a Sephadex G-25 column was studied to investigate the chemical form and pattern of nickel (Ni) excretion. Ni was excreted probably as a mixture of complexes with chemical constituents of urine (molecular weight 200-250) within 24 h after 63Ni injection. 63Ni...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Verma HS,Behari JR,Tandon SK

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Occupational exposure to thallium (Tl+) is known to be responsible for severe neurological manifestations in humans, including ataxia and paralysis; however, little is known yet about the precise mechanism of toxicity elicited by this heavy metal at sublethal doses and its brain distribution after chronic or subchroni...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Galván-Arzate S,Martínez A,Medina E,Santamaría A,Ríos C

更新日期：2000-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Male mice (Q strain) received a single i.p. injection of 14 organophosphorus compounds, including 11 insecticides, administered on separate occasions. After a recovery period of 10 to 15 days, the cytogenic effects were analyzed in primary spermatocytes at diakinesis-metaphase I corresponding to the treatment of A4-B ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Degraeve N,Chollet MC,Moutschen J

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats injected i.p. with 100 mg ethylhexyl nitrate/kg body wt excreted 0.3% of the dose in the urine within 24 h. No urinary nitrite was found within 5 postinjection hours while an output of 26.9 +/- 15.8 micrograms nitrite/h X kg body wt. was detected between 5-24 h. Cerebral glutathione concentration was below the co...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Someroja S,Savolainen H

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Safety assessment procedures still rely heavily if not exclusively on the results of tests carried out in laboratory animals, then extrapolated to man. There are few examples of environmental compounds examined extensively enough in both man and animals to permit a critical comparison of the accuracy of such risk asse...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Guzelian PS

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study tested a hypothesis that soybean lipoxygenase (SLO), a model enzyme, may be capable of generating a glutathione (GSH) conjugate(s) from p-aminophenol (PAP). Horseradish peroxidase was employed as a positive control. GSH depletion or an increase in the absorption at 327 nm with time due to GS-PAP formation w...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yang X,Kulkarni AP

更新日期：2000-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We have designed a low-cost, compact, head-only exposure system which is easy to use and allows exposure of up to 8 or 16 small rodents depending on the chamber used with the system. Animals are exposed without anesthesia or extreme restraint. Deflection tubes at the chamber inlet and outlet serve to provide turbulent...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Francovitch RJ,Deal DL,Tayyeb MI,Wolpert RL,Boger JR 3rd,Valentini JE,Menzel DB

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats given calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), dimercaprol, p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), or d-penicillamine (penicillamine) i.p. for 7 successive days showed a significant decrease in the activity of hepatic microsomal benzphetamine N-demethylase. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dalvi RR,McGowan C,Ademoyero A

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interactions of chemicals with cerebral neurotransmitters, receptors, and second messenger systems are often accompanied by similar changes involving components in non-neural tissues. On this basis, indirect strategies have been developed to investigate neural cell function parameters by methods using accessible cells...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Manzo L,Castoldi AF,Coccini T,Rossi AD,Nicotera P,Costa LG

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Harmonisation of risk assessment (RA) is one of the priorities for sound chemical management set by Chapter 19, Agenda 21 of the United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED) 1992 Earth Summit. The benefits of harmonisation are self evident and include transportability and consistency of RA outc...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Di Marco PN,Priestly BG,Buckett KJ

更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the effect of subchronic methidathion (MD) administration on vascular wall damage. The experimental groups were: control group and rats treated with 5 mg/kg MD. The MD group was given MD by gavage for 5 days a week for 4 weeks at a dose level of 5 mg/kg per day by using corn oil as the vehicle. The le...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yavuz T,Delibas N,Yildirim B,Altuntas I,Candir O,Cora A,Karahan N,Ibrisim E,Kutsal A

更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of dietary vomitoxin on the serum IgA and IgG responses to two model intestinal antigens, casein and cholera toxin (CT), were assessed in 4 experimental groups: (1) mice fed casein-based diet, (2) mice fed casein-based diet containing 25 ppm vomitoxin, (3) mice fed casein-based diet and immunized with CT, a...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pestka JJ,Moorman MA,Warner RL

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo effects of model cadmium-containing silica nanoparticles (SiNPs-Cd, 1 mg/rat) were investigated by i.t. instillation in rats to evaluate potential effects on secondary target organ, e.g., kidney. Specific endpoints and pathological outcomes were focused to assess inflammation and fibrosis in renal tissue, 7 an...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Coccini T,Barni S,Mustarelli P,Locatelli C,Roda E

更新日期：2015-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is an organochlorine pesticide widely distributed in the biosphere. ERalpha regulates the expression of genes involved in growth and development, and plays an important role in breast cancer. The present study focuses attention on the effect of HCB (0.005, 0.05, 0.5, 5 microM) on cell prolifera...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： García MA,Peña D,Alvarez L,Cocca C,Pontillo C,Bergoc R,de Pisarev DK,Randi A

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The skin is an immunologically active tissue. Epidermal cells, both keratinocytes and Langerhans cells (LC), produce constitutively or can be stimulated to produce a variety of cytokines, many of which play important roles in the induction and regulation of allergic responses to sensitizing chemicals. Tumor necrosis f...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kimber I,Holliday MR,Dearman RJ

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study the effect of arsenic on DNA damage, Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg) with or without 800 microg of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) by intramammilary injection. The animals were sacrificed on day 1, 3, 5, 10 and 27 and the mammary gland tissues were collected for DNA adduct measurem...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tran HP,Prakash AS,Barnard R,Chiswell B,Ng JC

更新日期：2002-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), a potent environmental procarcinogen, has been shown to cause cell cycle alternation. However, the mechanisms involved in this effect are not well understood yet. Our current results demonstrated that B(a)P exposure led to cell proliferation and a 33.5% increase in S phase cells as well as a 26...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gao A,Liu B,Shi X,Jia X,Ye M,Jiao S,You B,Huang C

更新日期：2007-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo experiments are still widely used for the testing of lung toxicity but there is an ethical and legal obligation to replace, reduce and refine animal testing. Lung A549 cells could serve as an in vitro indicator for acute lung toxicity but little data about the correlation of the cytotoxicity in A549 cells and ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gohlsch K,Mückter H,Steinritz D,Aufderheide M,Hoffmann S,Gudermann T,Breit A

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00