Effects of smoking on spontaneous and induced sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes.

abstract：:Prior research suggests that sex hormones and metabolic changes, such as obesity and hyperglycemia, can alter renal transporter expression in rodents. The purpose of this study was to characterize the expression of kidney efflux transporters and regulatory transcription factors in response to Type I diabetes and pregn...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yacovino LL,Aleksunes LM

更新日期：2012-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Determine uptake of furan, a potential human carcinogen, in waterpipe tobacco (WPT) smokers in home settings. METHODS:We analysed data from a US convenience sample of 50 exclusive WPT smokers, mean age 25.3 years, and 25 non-smokers, mean age 25.5 years. For WPT smokers, data were collected at a home visit ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kassem NOF,Peterson LA,Liles S,Kassem NO,Zaki FK,Lui KJ,Vevang KR,Dodder NG,Hoh E,Hovell MF

更新日期：2020-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have suggested that elevated blood homocysteic acid (HCA) levels increased the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Herein, we studied the neuronal toxicity of HCA and the underlying mechanisms in HT-22 cells. Results showed that HCA induced cell death in concen...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tan M,Ouyang Y,Jin M,Chen M,Liu P,Chao X,Chen Z,Chen X,Ramassamy C,Gao Y,Pi R

更新日期：2013-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Euphorbia milii (Euphorbiaceae) is a decorative plant used in gardens and living fences. In China, it has also been employed in herbal remedies for hepatitis and abdominal edema. Since E. milii latex--lyophilized or in natura--proved to be a potent plant molluscicide, its toxicity to non-target organisms has been comp...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Delgado IF,De-Carvalho RR,De-Oliveira AC,Kuriyama SN,Oliveira-Filho EC,Souza CA,Paumgartten FJ

更新日期：2003-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays a crucial role in the cellular defense against oxidative/electrophilic stress by up-regulating multiple antioxidant genes. Numerous studies with genetically modified animals have demonstrated that Nrf2 is a sensitivity determining factor upon the exposure to env...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Jung KA,Choi BH,Nam CW,Song M,Kim ST,Lee JY,Kwak MK

更新日期：2013-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study experiments are described, which indicate that the exposure of normal human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) to a low-frequency electromagnetic field of 20 Hz and 7-8 mT does induce terminal differentiation within 14 days of daily exposure of 12 h. As demonstrated by the analysis of the expression level of...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Löschinger M,Thumm S,Hämmerle H,Rodemann HP

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been demonstrated to be inducers of hepatic microsomal enzymes and some of their effects such as hormonal imbalance, and alteration of lipid and porphyrin metabolism could be ascribed to this mechanism. For this reason, the urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid (DGA), an indire...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Apostoli P,Mangili A,Carasi S,Manno M

更新日期：2003-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Male Swiss OF1 mice received a single oral dose of either 80 mg/kg hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) or 40 mg/kg methyl mercury (MeHg). Examination of cryostat kidney sections stained for alkaline phosphatase (APP) revealed damage to about 50% of the proximal tubules after 8 h. Treatment with the organic anion transport...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ban M,de Céaurriz J

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats given calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), dimercaprol, p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), or d-penicillamine (penicillamine) i.p. for 7 successive days showed a significant decrease in the activity of hepatic microsomal benzphetamine N-demethylase. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dalvi RR,McGowan C,Ademoyero A

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapeutic drug, causes ototoxicity in a large percentage of patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of epicatechin (EC) as an otoprotective agent to prevent cisplatin toxicity and to investigate the molecular mechanism of EC. The effects of EC on cisplatin-indu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lee JS,Kang SU,Hwang HS,Pyun JH,Choung YH,Kim CH

更新日期：2010-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Considering that the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the toxicity of various pesticides, this study was designed to investigate the possibility of oxidative stress induction by cypermethrin, a Type II pyrethroid. Either single (170 mg/kg) or repeated (75 mg/kg per day for 5 days) or...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Giray B,Gürbay A,Hincal F

更新日期：2001-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of young male rats with dipentyl phthalate (DPP) produced significant decreases in testicular cytochrome P-450, cytochrome P-450 dependent microsomal steroidogenic enzymes (17 alpha-hydroxylase, 17-20 lyase) and in the maximal binding of a natural substrate (progesterone) to testis microsomes. No effect was ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Foster PM,Thomas LV,Cook MW,Walters DG

更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyanobacteria ("blue-green algae"), such as Oscillatoria sp., are a ubiquitous group of bacteria found in freshwater systems worldwide that are linked to illness and in some cases, death among humans and animals. Exposure to cyanobacteria occurs via ingestion of contaminated water or food-products. Exposure of the gut...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Swanson-Mungerson M,Incrocci R,Subramaniam V,Williams P,Hall ML,Mayer AMS

更新日期：2017-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Besides hepatotoxicity, paracetamol may exert nephrotoxic effects in experimental animals and man. The present study in rats shows that cholestyramine given 4 and 24 h after paracetamol provided protection against both hepato- and nephrotoxicity; this was evidenced by reduced increments in plasma enzyme activities (SD...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Siegers CP,Möller-Hartmann W

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The repeated use of the nerve agent sarin against civilians in Syria in 2013 emphasizes the continuing threat by chemical warfare agents. Multiple studies demonstrated a limited efficacy of standard atropine-oxime treatment in nerve agent poisoning and called for the development of alternative and more effective treat...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Worek F,Thiermann H,Wille T

更新日期：2016-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Interactions of chemicals with cerebral neurotransmitters, receptors, and second messenger systems are often accompanied by similar changes involving components in non-neural tissues. On this basis, indirect strategies have been developed to investigate neural cell function parameters by methods using accessible cells...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Manzo L,Castoldi AF,Coccini T,Rossi AD,Nicotera P,Costa LG

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been reported that lead could induce apoptosis in a variety of cell types. Although mitochondrion is regarded as the most pertinent pathway in mediating apoptosis, the exact mechanisms of lead-induced apoptosis are still largely unknown. Furthermore, there is little information about expressions and regulations...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Xu J,Ji LD,Xu LH

更新日期：2006-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic musks are present in fine fragrances, cosmetics, soaps and laundry detergents. One of the most important synthetic musks is 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthaline+ ++ (AHTN; annual production: about 1500 metric tons). An increasing number of studies show that AHTN accumulates in surfa...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Steinberg P,Fischer T,Arand M,Park E,Elmadfa I,Rimkus G,Brunn H,Dienes HP

更新日期：1999-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the interest is growing towards glyoxalases and methylglyoxal, their role in metabolism is still an enigma. In this paper, the effects of methylglyoxal in both in vivo and in vitro mammalian systems are reviewed and correlated with its interaction with macromolecules (nucleic acids, proteins). The theories on...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kalapos MP

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, is an environmental endocrine disruptor and neurodevelopmental toxicant. An early report found that pubertal exposure to high-dose fenvalerate impaired cognitive and behavioral development. Here, we aimed to further investigate the effect of pubertal exposure to low-dos...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yang Y,Zhan F,Wang YC,Wang B,Shi MX,Guo C,Xu DX,Meng XH

更新日期：2020-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Xenobiotic exposure is a risk factor in the etiology of neurodegenerative disease. It was recently hypothesized that restricted exposure during brain development could predispose for a neurodegenerative disease later in life. As neuroinflammation contributes to progressive neurodegeneration, it is suspected that neuro...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sandström von Tobel J,Zoia D,Althaus J,Antinori P,Mermoud J,Pak HS,Scherl A,Monnet-Tschudi F

更新日期：2014-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were exposed to 3 or 30 microM stable cadmium (Cd) in the presence or absence of 1.8 or 3.6 mM calcium (Ca). The presence of Ca significantly reduced the efflux of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from cells regardless of Cd concentration or exposure time. During a 3-h time interval, the...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sorensen EM

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1,3-Dinitrobenzene (DNB) causes testicular injury, particularly to Sertoli cells, and induces apoptosis in the surrounding germinal cells in rodents; however, the mechanisms causing this toxicity are poorly understood. Our studies, using standard and molecular tools, were conducted to better understand the pathogenesi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ludwig S,Tinwell H,Rouquié D,Schorsch F,Pallardy M,Bars R

更新日期：2012-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Women over 50 years of age in 32 cadmium(Cd)-polluted and 16 nonpolluted hamlets were studied. Itai-itai disease patients and proteinuria with glucosuria were used as indices of the effect of Cd on health. Unpolished rice samples were collected from 568 households in the same area and analyzed for Cd. The hamlet's ave...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nogawa K,Yamada Y,Honda R,Ishizaki M,Tsuritani I,Kawano S,Kato T

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is a non-genotoxic tumor promoter that dysregulates the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway and causes variable cellular responses to DNA damage in different experimental models. In the present study, we pretreated human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells (wild-type p53) for 72 h with TPA, ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Glover KP,Markell LK,Donner EM,Han X

更新日期：2014-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) is a potential endocrine disruptor. It has been shown that it can interfere with steroid biosynthesis and metabolism. However, the mechanism is unclear. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of BPA on two isoforms of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2)...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Guo J,Yuan X,Qiu L,Zhu W,Wang C,Hu G,Chu Y,Ye L,Xu Y,Ge RS

更新日期：2012-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:BH3 mimetics, such as BH3I-1, act as Bcl-2 antagonists, promote apoptosis and are used in basic research studies on apoptotic signaling and are currently tested as experimental anti-tumor agents. The present study addresses time- and dose-dependent responses of BH3I-1 on apoptosis, cellular stress defense mediated by ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Stucki D,Brenneisen P,Reichert AS,Stahl W

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium specifically modify amine metabolism at the central nervous system and pituitary hormone secretions. Thus, the physiological functions controlled by these hormones can be modulated by cadmium. This xenobiotic is associated with deleterious effects on the gonadal function and with changes in the secretory patte...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lafuente A,Esquifino AI

更新日期：1999-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Occupational high-grade lead exposure has been reduced in recent decades as a result of increased regulation. However, environmental lead exposure remains widespread, and is associated with severe toxicity implicated in human diseases. We performed oral intragastric administration of various dose lead acetate to adult...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Liu J,Jia DY,Cai SZ,Li CP,Zhang MS,Zhang YY,Yan CH,Wang YP

更新日期：2015-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the cold-receptor TRPM8 by menthol or other tobacco additives can suppress natural defense reactions such as coughing that usually would become effective as involuntary resistance against the inhalation of fumes. In Europe menthol is only regulated as flavor, but can be used as additive as long as no cha...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Paschke M,Tkachenko A,Ackermann K,Hutzler C,Henkler F,Luch A

更新日期：2017-04-05 00:00:00