Abstract:
:Aromatase p450 (p450arom) is the key enzyme for biosynthesis of estrogen, which is an essential hormone for the establishment and growth of endometriosis. There is no detectable aromatase enzyme activity in normal endometrium; therefore, estrogen is not locally produced in endometrium. Endometriosis tissue, however, contains very high levels of aromatase enzyme, which leads to production of significant quantities of estrogen. Moreover, one of the best-known mediators of inflammation and pain, prostaglandin E (2), strikingly induces aromatase enzyme activity and formation of local estrogen in this tissue. Additionally, estrogen itself stimulates cyclo-oxygenase-2 and therefore increases the formation of prostaglandin E (2) in endometriosis. We were able to target this positive feedback cycle in endometriosis using aromatase inhibitors. In fact, pilot trials showed that aromatase inhibitors could decrease pelvic pain associated with endometriosis.
journal_name
Semin Reprod Medjournal_title
Seminars in reproductive medicineauthors
Bulun SE,Fang Z,Imir G,Gurates B,Tamura M,Yilmaz B,Langoi D,Amin S,Yang S,Deb Sdoi
10.1055/s-2004-823026keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-02-01 00:00:00pages
45-50issue
1eissn
1526-8004issn
1526-4564journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Endometriosis is a common cause of pelvic pain in women of reproductive age. Traditional medical therapies are hormonal in nature, including estrogen-progestin contraceptives, progestins, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists. Other hormonal options are androgens and aromatase inhibitors, with research al...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1597308
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sperm epigenetic programming is tailored to meet the need of this specialized cell, which include its interaction with the oocyte during fertilization and early embryo development. The unique nature of the sperm epigenome has resulted in multiple studies investigating how perturbations in epigenetics might impact male...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1677047
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, progesterone functions to regulate gene expression via two nuclear progesterone receptors (PR-B and PR-A). Yet, actions of progesterone independent of gene regulation have been observed for decades. These are based on progesterone induced cellular events that occur too rapidly to involve gene transcripti...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1552583
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2002-23515
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As fertility rates among women of advanced reproductive age have steadily increased, so has the utilization of fertility services. National health policies provide infertility treatment coverage in several developed countries; however, in the United States infertility treatment is largely privately funded, resulting i...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1336600
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Androgen receptors are present in numerous tissues throughout the female body, and knowledge of the specific actions of androgens at different sites is increasing, along with the understanding of their contribution to various pathophysiological states. This article reviews the physiology of androgens (testosterone and...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2006-939565
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trophoblast cells of the murine placenta are derived from the trophectoderm (TE) cells of the preimplantation embryo. Establishment of the TE cell lineage is the result of a cell segregation event early in blastomere division. Models of cell lineage segregation suggest it is driven by the internalization of spatial in...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1570025
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2005-864034
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a disorder characterized by lack of ovulation and elevated levels of serum gonadotropins before the age of 40. The etiology of POF is not known but different environmental and genetic factors are involved, suggesting high heterogeneity of the disorder. The involvement of X-linked gen...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2000-13475
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction and patterning of the testis occurs over a brief window of time. Before male-specific morphogenesis, the gonad primordium is bipotential and capable of developing into either an ovary or testis. However, expression of the transcription factor SRY initiates male development and induces patterning, proliferati...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1108005
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In non industrialized countries the incidence of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) appears to be similar to that of industrialized countries, although data is scanty. In low-resource settings, women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) often delay seeking medical care because of cultural beliefs that a heavy red menstrua...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1287668
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::HOX genes, encoding homeodomain transcription factors, are dynamically expressed in endometrium, where they are necessary for endometrial growth, differentiation, and implantation. In human endometrium, the expression of HOXA10 and HOXA11 is driven by sex steroids, with peak expression occurring at time of implantatio...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1242996
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anejaculation within the context of a male infertility evaluation can be a distressing condition for patients. A variety of causes for anejaculation have been identified, and although the condition cannot be reversed, in many cases a minimally invasive treatment is feasible, allowing the patient to pursue his desire f...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1202307
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of published series reveals that no more than a fourth of subfertile patients undergoing surgery for peritoneal endometriotic implants, rectovaginal endometriotic lesions, or recurrent endometriomas achieved conception spontaneously. First-line surgery for ovarian endometriotic cysts appears associated with a...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1333478
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility and disabling pelvic pain in reproductive age women. The most widely accepted theory of its pathogenesis is the retrograde flow of menstrual products, although extra-abdominal and extrapelvic diagnoses have been made. After the pelvic peritoneum and gynecologic structures...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1597124
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The implementation of suitable quality control (QC) is not only required for the accreditation of a human in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratory, but is also fundamental to its success. Several assays have been employed to screen culture media and contact supplies. The suitability of one assay in particular, the mous...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2005-923389
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Female genital tract microbiota play a crucial role in maintaining health. Disequilibrium of the microbiota has been associated with increased risk of pelvic infections. In recent years, culture-independent molecular techniques have expanded understanding of the composition of genital microbiota and the dynamic nature...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1361822
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assisted reproductive techniques have revolutionized the treatment of male reproductive failure, allowing biological fatherhood to be achieved by many men that nature would have never permitted. As we are able to help more and more couples with our therapies, the genetic basis of the man's spermatogenic, anatomical, o...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1307418
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro fertilization (IVF) with ovarian stimulation is an effective treatment for couples needing treatment with assisted reproductive technologies (ART) where polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is coexisting. However, it is also associated with an increased risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. In vitro maturati...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-992932
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During most of gestation, the fetal adrenal gland is almost solely dedicated to the production of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S). This specialized ability of the fetal adrenal is unique to primates and occurs because of a specialized fetal zone that composes the bulk of the fetal adrenal gland. Morphologicall...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2004-861549
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometriosis is a nonmalignant gynecologic disorder that can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life with pelvic pain and possible lasting effects on one's fertility. Symptoms, when present, can be severe and affect many organ systems including the gastrointestinal and urinary systems. Other etiologies...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1676103
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Follicular rupture and the transformation of an estrogenic preovulatory follicle into a highly vascularized corpus luteum capable of producing large quantities of progesterone are required for the establishment of pregnancy. These processes are dependent upon the precise remodeling of the ovarian extracellular matrix ...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2006-948552
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas the importance of close monitoring and tight glycemic control in diabetic pregnancies cannot be ignored, the growing body of knowledge surrounding the different effects of diabetes mellitus on the earliest stages of reproduction underscores the need for aggressive screening among reproductive-aged women at ris...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1042957
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been few formal studies of differences in the phenotype of PCOS among women of African-American ancestry. Generally, African-American women tend to have an adverse cardiovascular risk profile when compared with women of other racial groups. The metabolic syndrome is a clinical disorder that identifies indiv...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-992922
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article the role of LH receptor gene mutations in patients with aberrant sex differentiation is discussed. In a dominant autosomal familial form of precocious puberty in boys (familial male-limited precocious puberty) LH receptor gene mutations have been identified. These single amino acid changes, mostly foun...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2002-35384
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity-related infertility is one of the most common problems of reproductive-age obese women who desire childbearing. The various types of bariatric surgeries have proved effective in controlling excessive weight gain, improving fertility, and preventing certain maternal and fetal complications in these women. This ...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1328880
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The medical treatment of endometriosis is a critical aspect of the therapeutic approach to this disease. Past methods have been based upon systemic hormonal alterations, resulting in suppression of this estrogen-responsive disorder. Treatments such as danazol, progestogens, oral contraceptives, GnRH-agonists, and gest...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2003-41327
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subclinical hypothyroidism has been found to be associated with adverse reproductive outcomes, such as infertility, miscarriage, preterm birth, and complications of pregnancy. Multiple studies have investigated the relationships between thyroid function, thyroid antibodies, fertility, and pregnancy. Thyroid autoimmuni...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1593487
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::As sperm traverse the female tract from vagina to oocyte, they experience a steroid milieu, which due to transcriptional inactivity, they can only respond to via non-genomic signaling. This environment mediates events including capacitation, changes in motility patterns, chemotaxis, and acrosome reaction. Current know...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-973433
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is widely used in assisted reproduction techniques (ART). However, hormonal treatment induces endometrial alterations that may alter implantation rates compared with natural cycles. Endometrial alterations have been observed by histological and biochemical techniques. The recent de...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-991043
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00