Quality control in human in vitro fertilization.

abstract：:Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a widely used fertility treatment for couples with male and/or non-male factor infertility and is a relatively simple and inexpensive procedure. When used for unexplained infertility, IUI combined with ovarian stimulation increases the pregnancy rates, but evidence does not support t...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Kim YJ,Park CW,Ku SY

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Historically, progesterone functions to regulate gene expression via two nuclear progesterone receptors (PR-B and PR-A). Yet, actions of progesterone independent of gene regulation have been observed for decades. These are based on progesterone induced cellular events that occur too rapidly to involve gene transcripti...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Price TM,Dai Q

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Puberty is a fundamental developmental event in the lifespan of any individual, when sexual and somatic maturation is completed, and reproductive capacity is achieved. While the tempo of puberty is under strong genetic determination, it is also modulated by a wide array of internal and environmental cues, including, p...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Barroso A,Roa J,Tena-Sempere M

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity-related infertility is one of the most common problems of reproductive-age obese women who desire childbearing. The various types of bariatric surgeries have proved effective in controlling excessive weight gain, improving fertility, and preventing certain maternal and fetal complications in these women. This ...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Tan O,Carr BR

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging has dramatic effects on the reproductive system in women. Undoubtedly, the most notable changes in the neuroendocrine axis arise from the loss of ovarian function, and thus, the loss of negative feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary. Progressive decreases in inhibin B and inhibin A result in an early increa...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Hall JE

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leptin is a circulating protein produced by adipocytes that has been implicated in control of body weight through appetite regulation and control of reproduction, most likely through an effect on the central nervous system. From studies in mice, it is clear that the genetic background of the animal on which the mutati...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Lado-Abeal J,Norman RL

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior to the advent of modern minimally invasive surgery techniques, the primary surgical management of symptomatic leiomyomata for women desiring future fertility or uterine conservation was through laparotomy. Today, many cases of intramural and subserous leiomyomata are managed with laparoscopic myomectomy and sele...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Advincula AP,Song A

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endometriosis is a common cause of infertility and disabling pelvic pain in reproductive age women. The most widely accepted theory of its pathogenesis is the retrograde flow of menstrual products, although extra-abdominal and extrapelvic diagnoses have been made. After the pelvic peritoneum and gynecologic structures...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Ajao MO,Einarsson JI

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is widely used in assisted reproduction techniques (ART). However, hormonal treatment induces endometrial alterations that may alter implantation rates compared with natural cycles. Endometrial alterations have been observed by histological and biochemical techniques. The recent de...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Horcajadas JA,Díaz-Gimeno P,Pellicer A,Simón C

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since 2004, assisted conception is encompassed by the European Directive on the Quality and Safety of Tissues and Cells (2004/23/EC). The aim of a standard for quality and safety is to minimize risks of errors, contamination, and accidents and to maximize efficiency of use. This article presents a case study of the im...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Willemen D,D'Hooghe T,Knoops I,De Neubourg D,Spiessens C

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endocrine-disrupting chemicals generally function as steroid receptor signaling antagonists or agonists that influence development to promote adult-onset disease. Exposure to the endocrine disruptors during the initiation of male reproductive tract development interferes with the normal hormonal signaling and formatio...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Guerrero-Bosagna CM,Skinner MK

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reproductive organs in both males and females consist of gonads, internal ductal structures, and external genitalia. Normal sexual differentiation is dependent on the genetic sex determined by the presence or absence of the Y chromosome at fertilization. Testes develop under the influence of the Y chromosome and o...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Gell JS

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Old World monkeys display physiological responses to steroid hormones that are similar to those of women. In this review, we describe cyclic morphological changes that take place within the uterus of Old World primates during the menstrual cycle. In primates, estrogen stimulates endometrial growth in the follicular ph...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Slayden OD

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of glycerol to protect cells from freezing injury was discovered accidentally. The subsequent development of cryopreservation techniques has had a huge impact in many fields, most notably in reproductive medicine. Freezing injury has been shown to have two components, direct damage from the ice crystals an...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Pegg DE

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Labor initiation is a complex process that remains to be fully elucidated. An area of active research involves the study of the different mechanisms that may lead to successful signaling for parturition. This review focuses on the fetal-derived signals that lead to the initiation of labor. These signals may also play ...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Beshay VE,Carr BR,Rainey WE

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Approximately 10 to 15% of the population experiences infertility. Although 85 to 90% of couples or individuals who experience infertility have a diagnosis for their infertility, underlying causes of infertility rarely are found. Extensive literature reporting adverse effects of environmental contaminants on wildlife ...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Giudice LC

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Luteinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) share a common receptor in gonadal cells; however, the presence of these receptors has also been detected in several nongonadal but reproduction-associated tissues of pig, human, and other species. There are no data about the ontogeny of the human LH/hCG ...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Ziecik AJ,Derecka K,Gawronska B,Stepien A,Bodek G

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the genetic origin of many human diseases and phenotypes has been long and widely recognized, identification of the causative gene alleles has been limited, slow, and cumbersome. This has changed substantially with the introduction of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) a decade ago, fueled by studies and...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Uitterlinden AG

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) estimates that there are 225 million women and girls with unmet contraceptive need yearly. Unmet need for contraception is defined as women who desire a delay in childbearing and are not using a modern method of contraception. It is projected that providin...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Schivone GB,Blumenthal PD

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro fertilization (IVF) with ovarian stimulation is an effective treatment for couples needing treatment with assisted reproductive technologies (ART) where polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is coexisting. However, it is also associated with an increased risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. In vitro maturati...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Reinblatt SL,Buckett W

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Androgen receptors are present in numerous tissues throughout the female body, and knowledge of the specific actions of androgens at different sites is increasing, along with the understanding of their contribution to various pathophysiological states. This article reviews the physiology of androgens (testosterone and...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Davison SL,Bell R

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The medical treatment of endometriosis is a critical aspect of the therapeutic approach to this disease. Past methods have been based upon systemic hormonal alterations, resulting in suppression of this estrogen-responsive disorder. Treatments such as danazol, progestogens, oral contraceptives, GnRH-agonists, and gest...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Olive DL

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study reviews systematically the effectiveness of management strategies for carriers of a reciprocal translocation involving two chromosomes, ascertained on the basis of recurrent pregnancy loss. Subsequent pregnancy outcomes were tabulated based on whether management was medical or involved in vitro fertilizatio...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Hirshfeld-Cytron J,Sugiura-Ogasawara M,Stephenson MD

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In non industrialized countries the incidence of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) appears to be similar to that of industrialized countries, although data is scanty. In low-resource settings, women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) often delay seeking medical care because of cultural beliefs that a heavy red menstrua...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Haththotuwa R,Goonewardene M,Desai S,Senanayake L,Tank J,Fraser IS

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pregnancy results in major changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which in turn influence fetal growth and the timing of labor. From the beginning of the second trimester maternal cortisol secretion increases, and in late pregnancy the placenta, in large part mediated through corticotroph-releasing h...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Trainer PJ

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Follicular rupture and the transformation of an estrogenic preovulatory follicle into a highly vascularized corpus luteum capable of producing large quantities of progesterone are required for the establishment of pregnancy. These processes are dependent upon the precise remodeling of the ovarian extracellular matrix ...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Curry TE Jr,Smith MF

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been few formal studies of differences in the phenotype of PCOS among women of African-American ancestry. Generally, African-American women tend to have an adverse cardiovascular risk profile when compared with women of other racial groups. The metabolic syndrome is a clinical disorder that identifies indiv...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Coney P,Ladson G,Sweet S,Legro RS

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soon after implantation, cell lineages bifurcate into future somatic and germ cells. Canonical expression of germ cell-specific genes continues during and after their migration to the gonadal ridge, where, after further cell cycles, they enter meiosis, form syncytial clusters, and arrest at diplotene for folliculogene...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Gosden RG

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gonadotropins cross the vascular endothelial barrier to reach their target organs. Hormone concentrations in blood are very low and fluctuate rapidly to give sharp biological effects. Nonspecific transendothelial transport mechanisms are slow and markedly concentration dependent. There is thus a need for specific tran...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Ghinea N,Milgrom E

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The maternal-fetal environment plays an important role in developmental programming of adult disease. Metabolic and hormonal dysfunction during human fetal development accompanies gestational diabetes as a common occurrence in mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), while human fetal androgen excess from congen...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Dumesic DA,Goodarzi MO,Chazenbalk GD,Abbott DH

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00