The human fetal adrenal gland, corticotropin-releasing hormone, and parturition.

abstract：:The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is the most critical modulator of reproductive function. Genetic or environmental insults to the HPG axis during developmental windows can persist into adulthood, and processes such as gonadal hormone synthesis, timing of puberty, and fertility can be affected. At the leve...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Biehl MJ,Raetzman LT

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Translocations involving the X and Y chromosomes are often associated with anomalies of gonadal development. Transfer of Yp sequences, including the testis-determining SRY gene, to the terminal portion of the short arm of the X chromosome is associated with 46,XX maleness and in rare cases 46,XX true hermaphroditism. ...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： McElreavey K,Cortes LS

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endocrine-disrupting chemicals generally function as steroid receptor signaling antagonists or agonists that influence development to promote adult-onset disease. Exposure to the endocrine disruptors during the initiation of male reproductive tract development interferes with the normal hormonal signaling and formatio...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Guerrero-Bosagna CM,Skinner MK

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have been used to assess interventions affecting health since biblical times. They provide the most valid means of measuring the true effects of intervention compared with no treatment or placebo. Although they can also be used to assess the value of diagnostic tests, this article foc...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Hughes EG

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soon after implantation, cell lineages bifurcate into future somatic and germ cells. Canonical expression of germ cell-specific genes continues during and after their migration to the gonadal ridge, where, after further cell cycles, they enter meiosis, form syncytial clusters, and arrest at diplotene for folliculogene...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Gosden RG

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Female genital tract microbiota play a crucial role in maintaining health. Disequilibrium of the microbiota has been associated with increased risk of pelvic infections. In recent years, culture-independent molecular techniques have expanded understanding of the composition of genital microbiota and the dynamic nature...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Sharma H,Tal R,Clark NA,Segars JH

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has become increasingly common over recent years and is associated with reproductive features as well as cardiometabolic risk factors, including visceral obesity, dyslipidemia and impaired glucose homeostasis, and potentially cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence suggests that thes...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Shorakae S,Teede H,de Courten B,Lambert G,Boyle J,Moran LJ

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is a pandemic and is associated with multiple medical problems including subfertility. Male obesity has been associated with altered semen parameters and reproductive hormonal levels, including a reduced testosterone:estradiol (T:E₂) ratio. Treatment methods employed for obesity-related male subfertility inclu...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Stephens SM,Polotsky AJ

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study reviews systematically the effectiveness of management strategies for carriers of a reciprocal translocation involving two chromosomes, ascertained on the basis of recurrent pregnancy loss. Subsequent pregnancy outcomes were tabulated based on whether management was medical or involved in vitro fertilizatio...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Hirshfeld-Cytron J,Sugiura-Ogasawara M,Stephenson MD

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) estimates that there are 225 million women and girls with unmet contraceptive need yearly. Unmet need for contraception is defined as women who desire a delay in childbearing and are not using a modern method of contraception. It is projected that providin...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Schivone GB,Blumenthal PD

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trophoblast cells of the murine placenta are derived from the trophectoderm (TE) cells of the preimplantation embryo. Establishment of the TE cell lineage is the result of a cell segregation event early in blastomere division. Models of cell lineage segregation suggest it is driven by the internalization of spatial in...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Underhill LA,Robins JC

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As fertility rates among women of advanced reproductive age have steadily increased, so has the utilization of fertility services. National health policies provide infertility treatment coverage in several developed countries; however, in the United States infertility treatment is largely privately funded, resulting i...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Levens ED,Richter KS,Levy MJ

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibin is a dimeric glycoprotein that suppresses follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion from the pituitary. Two bioactive forms of inhibin exist, inhibin A and B. The availability of specific immunoassays for each of the isoforms has enabled the study of the individual inhibins and their physiological roles. In...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： O'Connor AE,De Kretser DM

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research translation and evaluation are often underconsidered in research design and implementation thus limiting research benefit to the end user. In this article, we first describe a best practice approach to evaluation, for a center of research excellence in polycystic ovary syndrome. Within this, we outline a comp...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Garad R,Kozica-Olenski S,Teede HJ

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The maternal-fetal environment plays an important role in developmental programming of adult disease. Metabolic and hormonal dysfunction during human fetal development accompanies gestational diabetes as a common occurrence in mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), while human fetal androgen excess from congen...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Dumesic DA,Goodarzi MO,Chazenbalk GD,Abbott DH

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endometriosis is a nonmalignant gynecologic disorder that can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life with pelvic pain and possible lasting effects on one's fertility. Symptoms, when present, can be severe and affect many organ systems including the gastrointestinal and urinary systems. Other etiologies...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Kim JH,Han E

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The birth of a child with ambiguous genitalia is a challenging and distressing event for the family and physician and one with life-long consequences. Most disorders of sexual differentiation (DSD) associated with ambiguous genitalia are the result either of inappropriate virilization of girls or incomplete virilizati...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Wilson JD,Rivarola MA,Mendonca BB,Warne GL,Josso N,Drop SL,Grumbach MM

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intraperitoneal adhesions remain a costly, long-term sequela of abdominal surgery. They cause significant postoperative morbidity and difficult reoperative surgery. Although adhesions have been recognized for more than 250 years, a uniformly effective method of adhesion prevention does not exist. In recent years, rese...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Reed KL,Stucchi AF,Becker JM

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pelvic pain, acute or chronic, accounts for more than 10% of referrals to gynecologists. Pain accounts for more than 40% of gynecologic diagnostic laparoscopies. Predicting operative findings is critical in planning surgical interventions, as well as preoperative and postoperative medical therapy. Ultrasound is useful...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Shwayder JM

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Luteinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) share a common receptor in gonadal cells; however, the presence of these receptors has also been detected in several nongonadal but reproduction-associated tissues of pig, human, and other species. There are no data about the ontogeny of the human LH/hCG ...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Ziecik AJ,Derecka K,Gawronska B,Stepien A,Bodek G

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Susceptibility to disease begins during fetal life, and adverse events in utero are a critical factor in determining quality of life and overall health. In fact, up to 50% of metabolic syndrome diseases can be attributed to an adverse in utero environment. However, the mechanisms linking impaired fetal development to ...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Sohi G,Revesz A,Hardy DB

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the patients with 5α-RD 2 deficiency are reared in the female social sex due to their severely undervirilized external genitalia but ~60% who have not been submitted to orchiectomy in childhood undergo male social sex change at puberty. In our cohort of 30 cases from 18 families, all subjects were registered i...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Costa EM,Domenice S,Sircili MH,Inacio M,Mendonca BB

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of women in the U.S. military is dramatically increasing. Similarly, the roles of active-duty women are greatly expanding, thus exposing them to new occupational risks. Determining the impact of pregnancy outcomes for women while in the military is difficult due to changing exposures over time, difficulty i...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Mezwa K,Adelsheim L,Markenson G

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endocrine disrupters are exogenous substances that cause adverse effects in the endocrine system. Sexual differentiation is regulated by reproductive hormones. Male differentiation is critically dependent on normal androgen action, which in turn depends on normal production of luteinizing hormone. Other essential horm...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Toppari J

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Wnt signaling cascade is critically important in stem cell biology, both in homeostatic maintenance and repair and regeneration of tissues and organs, through their respective somatic stem cells (SSCs). However, aberrant Wnt signaling is associated with a wide array of tumor types and Wnt signaling is important in...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Kahn M

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, there has been increasing concern regarding the safety of in vitro fertilization (IVF) because of the potential health impact on these infants. Multiple pregnancy contributes the vast majority of morbidity associated with IVF and, initially, many thought that adverse outcomes after IVF were solely att...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Kalra SK,Molinaro TA

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sperm epigenetic programming is tailored to meet the need of this specialized cell, which include its interaction with the oocyte during fertilization and early embryo development. The unique nature of the sperm epigenome has resulted in multiple studies investigating how perturbations in epigenetics might impact male...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Ibrahim Y,Hotaling J

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is widely used in assisted reproduction techniques (ART). However, hormonal treatment induces endometrial alterations that may alter implantation rates compared with natural cycles. Endometrial alterations have been observed by histological and biochemical techniques. The recent de...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Horcajadas JA,Díaz-Gimeno P,Pellicer A,Simón C

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging has dramatic effects on the reproductive system in women. Undoubtedly, the most notable changes in the neuroendocrine axis arise from the loss of ovarian function, and thus, the loss of negative feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary. Progressive decreases in inhibin B and inhibin A result in an early increa...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Hall JE

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asoprisnil (J 867; benzaldehyde, 4-[(11beta, 17beta)-17-methoxy-17-(methoxymethyl)-3-oxoestra-4, 9-dien-11beta-yl]-, 1-oxime) is the prototype of a novel class 11beta-benzaldoxime-substituted selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) and the first-in-class SPRM to reach an advanced stage of clinical developme...

journal_title：Seminars in reproductive medicine

authors： Schubert G,Elger W,Kaufmann G,Schneider B,Reddersen G,Chwalisz K

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00