Abstract:
:Susceptibility to disease begins during fetal life, and adverse events in utero are a critical factor in determining quality of life and overall health. In fact, up to 50% of metabolic syndrome diseases can be attributed to an adverse in utero environment. However, the mechanisms linking impaired fetal development to augmented cholesterol, an important clinical risk factor characterizing the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, remain elusive. This review discusses the latest research in the fetal programming of cholesterol homeostasis from both clinical studies and animal models. It also underscores the role of the placenta as an important mediator in cholesterol homeostasis during pregnancy and uncovers some of the molecular mechanisms underlying how the homeostatic mechanisms in liver may be impaired in fetal and postnatal life due to undernutrition and/or hypoxia.
journal_name
Semin Reprod Medjournal_title
Seminars in reproductive medicineauthors
Sohi G,Revesz A,Hardy DBdoi
10.1055/s-0031-1275523subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-05-01 00:00:00pages
246-56issue
3eissn
1526-8004issn
1526-4564journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Anejaculation within the context of a male infertility evaluation can be a distressing condition for patients. A variety of causes for anejaculation have been identified, and although the condition cannot be reversed, in many cases a minimally invasive treatment is feasible, allowing the patient to pursue his desire f...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1202307
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Labor initiation is a complex process that remains to be fully elucidated. An area of active research involves the study of the different mechanisms that may lead to successful signaling for parturition. This review focuses on the fetal-derived signals that lead to the initiation of labor. These signals may also play ...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2006-956772
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro fertilization (IVF) with ovarian stimulation is an effective treatment for couples needing treatment with assisted reproductive technologies (ART) where polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is coexisting. However, it is also associated with an increased risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. In vitro maturati...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-992932
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) estimates that there are 225 million women and girls with unmet contraceptive need yearly. Unmet need for contraception is defined as women who desire a delay in childbearing and are not using a modern method of contraception. It is projected that providin...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1571437
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sperm epigenetic programming is tailored to meet the need of this specialized cell, which include its interaction with the oocyte during fertilization and early embryo development. The unique nature of the sperm epigenome has resulted in multiple studies investigating how perturbations in epigenetics might impact male...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1677047
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a disorder characterized by lack of ovulation and elevated levels of serum gonadotropins before the age of 40. The etiology of POF is not known but different environmental and genetic factors are involved, suggesting high heterogeneity of the disorder. The involvement of X-linked gen...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2000-13475
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is increasing evidence that endometriosis is inherited as a complex genetic trait in which multiple genes conferring disease susceptibility interact with each other and the environment to produce the phenotype. Research groups worldwide are trying to identify such susceptibility genes through a "positional cloni...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2003-41317
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study reviews systematically the effectiveness of management strategies for carriers of a reciprocal translocation involving two chromosomes, ascertained on the basis of recurrent pregnancy loss. Subsequent pregnancy outcomes were tabulated based on whether management was medical or involved in vitro fertilizatio...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1293201
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to gonadotoxic agents for treating cancer and other diseases or postponement of maternity jeopardize the prospects of genetic parenthood and are major factors driving the development of fertility preservation technologies. Although its mainstays, cryopreservation and vitrification, have been adopted from infe...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1241051
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has become increasingly common over recent years and is associated with reproductive features as well as cardiometabolic risk factors, including visceral obesity, dyslipidemia and impaired glucose homeostasis, and potentially cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence suggests that thes...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1556568
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the critical role the placenta plays in governing the outcome of pregnancy, a great deal remains to be learned about this transient organ. Several factors have contributed to our relative lack of knowledge. For example, most of the placenta's development, which precedes that of the embryo or fetus, occurs duri...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2000-12569
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asoprisnil (J 867; benzaldehyde, 4-[(11beta, 17beta)-17-methoxy-17-(methoxymethyl)-3-oxoestra-4, 9-dien-11beta-yl]-, 1-oxime) is the prototype of a novel class 11beta-benzaldoxime-substituted selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) and the first-in-class SPRM to reach an advanced stage of clinical developme...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2005-864034
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gonadotropins cross the vascular endothelial barrier to reach their target organs. Hormone concentrations in blood are very low and fluctuate rapidly to give sharp biological effects. Nonspecific transendothelial transport mechanisms are slow and markedly concentration dependent. There is thus a need for specific tran...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2001-13916
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) administration for the induction of oocyte maturation during in vitro fertilization treatment is effective in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). However, some studies have reported a lower ongoing pregnancy rate after GnRHa trigger. The excellent ...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1265678
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The birth of a child with ambiguous genitalia is a challenging and distressing event for the family and physician and one with life-long consequences. Most disorders of sexual differentiation (DSD) associated with ambiguous genitalia are the result either of inappropriate virilization of girls or incomplete virilizati...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1324717
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most of the patients with 5α-RD 2 deficiency are reared in the female social sex due to their severely undervirilized external genitalia but ~60% who have not been submitted to orchiectomy in childhood undergo male social sex change at puberty. In our cohort of 30 cases from 18 families, all subjects were registered i...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1324727
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trophoblast cells of the murine placenta are derived from the trophectoderm (TE) cells of the preimplantation embryo. Establishment of the TE cell lineage is the result of a cell segregation event early in blastomere division. Models of cell lineage segregation suggest it is driven by the internalization of spatial in...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1570025
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Implantable contraception has been extensively used worldwide. Implants are one of the most effective and reversible methods of contraception available. These devices may be particularly appropriate for certain populations of women, including women who cannot use estrogen-containing contraception. Implants are safe fo...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1248135
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) most often seek treatment for reduction of hair growth and/or acne, restoration of menstrual cyclicity, and infertility. In addition, these patients are increasingly seeking advise and treatment for the metabolic abnormalities related to PCOS (e.g., insulin resistance and ty...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2003-43305
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have been used to assess interventions affecting health since biblical times. They provide the most valid means of measuring the true effects of intervention compared with no treatment or placebo. Although they can also be used to assess the value of diagnostic tests, this article foc...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2003-39995
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosome abnormalities are extremely common in human oocytes and embryos and are associated with a variety of negative outcomes for both natural cycles and those using assisted conception techniques. Embryos containing the wrong number of chromosomes (aneuploidy) may fail to implant in the uterus, miscarry, or lead ...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1313908
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assisted reproductive techniques have revolutionized the treatment of male reproductive failure, allowing biological fatherhood to be achieved by many men that nature would have never permitted. As we are able to help more and more couples with our therapies, the genetic basis of the man's spermatogenic, anatomical, o...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1307418
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocrine-disrupting chemicals generally function as steroid receptor signaling antagonists or agonists that influence development to promote adult-onset disease. Exposure to the endocrine disruptors during the initiation of male reproductive tract development interferes with the normal hormonal signaling and formatio...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1237428
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is widely used in assisted reproduction techniques (ART). However, hormonal treatment induces endometrial alterations that may alter implantation rates compared with natural cycles. Endometrial alterations have been observed by histological and biochemical techniques. The recent de...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-991043
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of published series reveals that no more than a fourth of subfertile patients undergoing surgery for peritoneal endometriotic implants, rectovaginal endometriotic lesions, or recurrent endometriomas achieved conception spontaneously. First-line surgery for ovarian endometriotic cysts appears associated with a...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1333478
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human uterus mainly consists of two layers: an inner endometrium and an outer layer, the myometrium, made of smooth muscle. The uterus is characterized by its unique capacity for regeneration. This capacity permits cyclical regeneration and remodeling of the tissue over the course of a woman's reproductive life. D...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1331801
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, there has been increasing concern regarding the safety of in vitro fertilization (IVF) because of the potential health impact on these infants. Multiple pregnancy contributes the vast majority of morbidity associated with IVF and, initially, many thought that adverse outcomes after IVF were solely att...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1087108
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microfluidics is a young but established field that holds significant potential for scientific discovery. The utility of microfluidics can improve our knowledge of basic biology as well as expand our understanding in specialized areas such as assisted reproduction and stem cell developmental biology. This review descr...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1268699
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reproductive organs in both males and females consist of gonads, internal ductal structures, and external genitalia. Normal sexual differentiation is dependent on the genetic sex determined by the presence or absence of the Y chromosome at fertilization. Testes develop under the influence of the Y chromosome and o...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2004-815593
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy results in major changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which in turn influence fetal growth and the timing of labor. From the beginning of the second trimester maternal cortisol secretion increases, and in late pregnancy the placenta, in large part mediated through corticotroph-releasing h...
journal_title:Seminars in reproductive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2002-36710
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00