Abstract:
:Ralston, D. J. (University of California, Berkeley) and M. D. Perry. Inhibitory action of phage K on staphylococcal dehydrogenases. II. Its possible relationship to sensitization and cell lysis. J. Bacteriol. 86:740-748. 1963.-By measuring the reduction of the dye triphenyl tetrazolium chloride to the insoluble red formazan, an analysis was made of the inhibition by phage K of the dehydrogenase capacity of populations of Staphylococcus aureus K(1), to determine to what extent this might be associated with the ability of phage K to sensitize the cells-a reaction characterized by the conversion of the cell wall to susceptibility to lysis by the staphylococcal enzyme, virolysin. Increasing multiplicities of phage progressively increased the fractions of sensitized cells and also caused increasing inhibition of the dehydrogenase activity of the populations. The dehydrogenase activities of the sensitized fractions were compared with those of the nonsensitized fractions. Over a wide range of phage-bacterium ratios, the dehydrogenase activities of the sensitized fractions were found to be lower than those of the nonsensitized fractions. Microscopically, this was reflected by the appearance of large numbers of cells with a reduced amount of visible formazan granules. When lysin was added to the phage-treated cells, lysis occurred mainly from cell fractions which possessed little or no tetrazolium-reducing capacity. The data indicated that sensitization by phage was accompanied by a marked decrease in cellular dehydrogenase activity but was not associated with a complete inhibition of these enzymes. A comparison was made between the dehydrogenases of phage-sensitized cells and cells found to be "spontaneously" sensitive to virolysin, i.e., lysed by the enzyme without any prior exposure to phage. Like phage-sensitized cells, the spontaneously sensitized staphylococci possessed low dehydrogenase activity and lacked the capacity to support phage synthesis. In tests of a given cell preparation, the dehydrogenase levels of the phage-sensitized fractions were found to be close to, or even lower than, the level of the spontaneously sensitized fraction, suggesting that in S. aureus K(1) the sensitized state is associated in some manner with a reduction of the dehydrogenase activity to a critical level. There is as yet no evidence for any direct causal relationship between sensitization and dehydrogenase inhibition.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
RALSTON DJ,PERRY MDdoi
10.1128/JB.86.4.740-748.1963keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1963-10-01 00:00:00pages
740-8eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Amber mutants of bacteriophage P1 were used to identify functions involved in late regulation of the P1 lytic growth cycle. A single function has been genetically identified to be involved in activation of the phage-specific late promoter sequence Ps. In vivo, P1 gene 10 amber mutants fail to trans activate a lacZ ope...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.20.6438-6445.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::LaBrec, Eugene H., Herman Schneider, Thomas J. Magnani, and Samuel B. Formal. Epithelial cell penetration as an essential step in the pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery. J. Bacteriol. 88:1503-1518. 1964.-A parent strain of Shigella flexneri 2a and a colonial mutant derived from it were studied in three animal models....
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.88.5.1503-1518.1964
更新日期:1964-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response of Salmonella typhimurium to various forms of environmental stress was examined by using O'Farrell two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Polypeptides (a total of 110) which quantitatively increased during various starvations, anaerobiosis, or heat shock were identified and cataloged in reference to a stand...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.168.1.420-424.1986
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dinitrogenase reductase-activating glycohydrolase (DRAG), involved in the regulation of nitrogenase activity in Rhodospirillum rubrum, is associated with chromatophore membranes in cell extracts. We show that DRAG can be specifically released by treatment with MgGDP; other nucleotides studied had no effect. The DRAG a...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.24.7872-7874.1997
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanolamine (EA) metabolism is a trait associated with enteric pathogens, including enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC). EHEC causes severe bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome. EHEC encodes the ethanolamine utilization (eut) operon that allows EHEC to metabolize EA and gain a competitive advan...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00937-13
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tyrT (tRNA(1TYr)) locus of Escherichia coli B differs structurally from that of K-12 strains by the absence of 2 of 3.14 terminal repeat sequences. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.178.8.2469-2470.1996
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Constitutive beta-glucosidases from Saccharomyces fragilis (Y-18) and S. dobzhanskii (Y-19) precipitated at the same concentration of ammonium sulfate. The partially purified enzymes had similar activation energies, molecular weights, affinities for certain natural and synthetic beta-glucosides, and optimal pH values ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.93.1.135-141.1967
更新日期:1967-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two nonconjugative R-plasmids, N-SuSm and N-Tc, have been characterized. Both were of relatively small size (5 x 10(6) to 6 x 10(6) daltons) and present in multiple copies within their respective bacterial hosts. N-SuSm possessed a guanine plus cytosine content of 55%, whereas N-Tc was 49% guanine plus cytosine. Altho...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.117.2.619-630.1974
更新日期:1974-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To relate the roles of Escherichia coli SSB in recombination in vivo and in vitro, we have studied the mutant proteins SSB-1 and SSB-113, the variant SSBc produced by chymotryptic cleavage, the partially homologous variant F SSB (encoded by the E. coli sex factor), and the protein encoded by gene 32 of bacteriophage T...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.8.3422-3428.1987
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temperate bacteriophages play an important role in the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus, for instance, by mediating the horizontal gene transfer of virulence factors. Here we established a classification scheme for staphylococcal prophages of the major Siphoviridae family based on integrase gene polymorphism. Se...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01804-08
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of bdellovibrio infection on host permeability and respiration were investigated by measuring respiration rates and the rate of o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside hydrolysis during the course of single infection cycles of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strain 109 growing on Escherichia coli ML 35 (lac i(-)...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.102.1.149-160.1970
更新日期:1970-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major sheath protein-encoding gene (mspA) of the oral spirochete Treponema maltophilum ATCC 51939(T) was cloned by screening a genomic library with an anti-outer membrane fraction antibody. The mspA gene encodes a precursor protein of 575 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 62.3 kDa, including a signal ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.3.1025-1029.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Entry into the host bacterial cell is one of the least understood steps in the life cycle of bacteriophages. The different envelopes of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, with a fluid outer membrane and exposing a thick peptidoglycan wall to the environment respectively, impose distinct challenges for bacteriop...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.05104-11
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fis operon from Salmonella typhimurium has been cloned and sequenced, and the properties of Fis-deficient and Fis-constitutive strains were examined. The overall fis operon organization in S. typhimurium is the same as that in Escherichia coli, with the deduced Fis amino acid sequences being identical between both...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.177.8.2021-2032.1995
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stalk synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus is a developmentally controlled and spatially restricted event that requires the synthesis of peptidoglycan at the stalk-cell body junction. We show that the beta-lactam antibiotic mecillinam prevents stalk synthesis by inhibiting stalk elongation. In addition, mecillinam caus...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.180.19.5235-5239.1998
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::ULTRACENTRIFUGATION IN SUCROSE DENSITY GRADIENTS WAS EMPLOYED TO ESTIMATE THE MOLECULAR WEIGHTS AND TO DETERMINE POSSIBLE PHYSICAL AGGREGATION OF THE FIVE ENZYMES CATALYZING STEPS TWO TO SIX IN THE PRECHORISMIC ACID PORTION OF THE POLYAROMATIC SYNTHETIC PATHWAY IN SIX SPECIES OF BACTERIA: Escherichia coli, Salmonella ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.99.1.222-230.1969
更新日期:1969-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rates of DNA synthesis during the cell-division cycle were measured in Myxococcus xanthus growing in three different media permitting a twofold variation in doubling time. In all three media, simple DNA cycles were observed. Synthesis of DNA occurred during 85% of the cell-division cycle, independent of generation...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.133.1.122-129.1978
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transposon mutagenesis was used to isolate mutants of Aeromonas hydrophila which were deficient in the production of extracellular proteins. The culture supernatants of two of the mutants were essentially devoid of the proteins normally secreted by the parent strain, despite their continued synthesis. Western immunobl...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.3.1241-1249.1991
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protoanemonin is a toxic metabolite which may be formed during the degradation of some chloroaromatic compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, by natural microbial consortia. We show here that protoanemonin can be transformed by dienelactone hydrolase of Pseudomonas sp. strain B13 to cis-acetylacrylate. Although ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.180.2.400-402.1998
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A preparation of pure protoplasts of Geotrichum candidum became osmotically stable and colonies developed when the protoplasts were embedded in stabilizing thin-layer-agar and incubated with stabilizing basal medium. When growing protoplasts were exposed to distilled water and then reincubated with basal medium, the p...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.98.1.256-263.1969
更新日期:1969-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide sequence of a 2220-base-pair fragment containing the btuB gene of Escherichia coli was determined. There was a single open reading frame which was translated into a 614-amino-acid polypeptide, the first 20 amino acids of which comprised a typical leader sequence. The putative mature or processed form ha...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.161.3.904-908.1985
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous bacteria and mammalian cells harbor two enzymes, phosphopentomutase (PPM) and 2-deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolase (DERA), involved in the interconversion between nucleosides and central carbon metabolism. In this study, we have examined the presence of this metabolic link in the hyperthermophilic archaeon, The...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.186.13.4185-4191.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth of Bacillus subtilis mutant betaA177 can be inhibited under special conditions in which not enough autolytic enzymes are produced for optimal growth. Electron microscopy studies show that during growth inhibition there is localized thickening of the cell wall at positions where cells bend. A model is propos...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.109.3.1247-1257.1972
更新日期:1972-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Biofilm formation is responsible for increased antibiotic tolerance in pathogenic bacteria. Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a widely used second-messenger signal that plays a key role in bacterial biofilm formation. c-di-GMP is synthesized by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs), a conserved class of enzymes absent in ma...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00742-15
更新日期:2015-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::The CbpA protein is an analog of the DnaJ molecular chaperone of Escherichia coli. To gain insight into the function of CbpA, we examined the nature of a cbpA null mutation with special reference to those of dnaK and dnaJ null mutations. In particular, the cbpA dnaJ double-null mutant was found to exhibit severe defec...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.177.13.3894-3896.1995
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cheW gene from Escherichia coli has been cloned an inducible promoter, and the effects of the overproduction of the CheW protein on chemotactic behavior and receptor covalent modification have been examined. Plasmids that contain the cheW gene behind a regulatable promoter complement a cheW mutation when the CheW ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.11.6271-6278.1989
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of nod genes in Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium species is dependent on the presence of plant-produced flavonoids, the NodD protein, and the cis-acting nod box promoter sequence. Although the nodD (nodD1) gene in Rhizobium species is constitutively expressed, nodD1 expression in Bradyrhizobium japonicum is indu...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.11.3356-3365.1991
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porin F is one of the major proteins of the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It forms water-filled pores of variable size. Porin F is a candidate for a vaccine against P. aeruginosa because it antigenically cross-reacts in all serotype strains of the International Antigenic Typing Scheme. We have isolated the...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.1.155-162.1988
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radB101 and recN262 mutations showed essentially identical phenotypes when compared in isogenic Escherichia coli strains for their effects on gamma and UV radiation survival and on conjugal recombination in a uvrA recB recC sbcB sbcC strain. Complementation tests involving attempts to reconstitute a radB+ recN+ st...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.5.2392-2394.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Optochin-resistant mutant and wild-type diaphorases were purified approximately 300-fold by a combination of batch adsorption and column chromatography with diethylaminoethyl cellulose, and were characterized with regard to their pH optima, sensitivity to optochin inhibition and heat inactivation, Michaelis constants ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.96.4.1029-1036.1968
更新日期:1968-10-01 00:00:00