Abstract：
:The understanding of tumor-host interactions remains elusive despite significant progress in the identification of tumor antigens (TAs) recognized by autologous T cells. In particular, most human tumors do not regress and continue to grow in spite of spontaneous or immunization-induced immune responses demonstrated in circulating lymphocytes. Indeed, systemic immune responses might insufficiently address the complexity of tumor-host interactions because of factors, such as (1) the lack of productive T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement with epitope owing to qualitative and/or quantitative defects in the generation and maintenance of the immune response, (2) insufficient costimulation provided by the host, (3) the lack of localization of the immune response in target tissues and (4) the complexity of tumor-host interactions within the tumor microenvironment caused by temporal changes in tumor phenotypes and an array of immune mediators expressed in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we will review current knowledge of the different 'levels' of immune response that might be necessary for immunotherapy to be effective in the treatment of cancer. Furthermore, we will discuss the information still required in order to understand the mechanism(s) governing tumor rejection by the immune system in response to TA-specific immunization.
journal_name
Trends Immunoljournal_title
Trends in immunologyauthors
Marincola FM,Wang E,Herlyn M,Seliger B,Ferrone Sdoi
10.1016/s1471-4906(03)00116-9keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-06-01 00:00:00pages
335-42issue
6eissn
1471-4906issn
1471-4981pii
S1471490603001169journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Mast cells are currently recognized as effector cells in many settings beyond just allergic reactions, including innate immunity, autoimmunity, chronic inflammatory disorders and atherosclerosis. Signaling pathways of the mast cell response have been widely explored in the past but these are still linked with single a...
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journal_title：Trends in immunology
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journal_title：Trends in immunology
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journal_title：Trends in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Trends in immunology
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journal_title：Trends in immunology
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journal_title：Trends in immunology
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journal_title：Trends in immunology
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