The mosaic that is our genome.

abstract：:Homeostasis is a biological principle for regulation of essential physiological parameters within a set range. Behavioural responses due to deviation from homeostasis are critical for survival, but motivational processes engaged by physiological need states are incompletely understood. We examined motivational charact...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Betley JN,Xu S,Cao ZFH,Gong R,Magnus CJ,Yu Y,Sternson SM

更新日期：2015-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum cryptography exploits the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics to provide a secure way to exchange private information. Such an exchange requires a common random bit sequence, called a key, to be shared secretly between the sender and the receiver. The basic idea behind quantum key distribution (QKD) has wide...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sasaki T,Yamamoto Y,Koashi M

更新日期：2014-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The functional assay of a eukaryotic mRNA, into which additional AUG codons have been introduced by in vitro mutagenesis, shows that a translational initiation site need not necessarily be the nearest AUG codon to the 5' end of a mRNA. Hence, the sequence surrounding the AUG, and not simply its position relative to th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lomedico PT,McAndrew SJ

更新日期：1982-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Phototransduction in invertebrate microvillar photoreceptors is thought to be mediated by the activation of phospholipase C (PLC), but how this leads to gating of the light-sensitive channels is unknown. Most attention has focused on inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate, a second messenger produced by PLC from phosphatidylino...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chyb S,Raghu P,Hardie RC

更新日期：1999-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Thrombin is a coagulation protease that activates platelets, leukocytes, endothelial and mesenchymal cells at sites of vascular injury, acting partly through an unusual proteolytically activated G-protein-coupled receptor. Knockout of the gene encoding this receptor provided definitive evidence for a second thrombin r...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ishihara H,Connolly AJ,Zeng D,Kahn ML,Zheng YW,Timmons C,Tram T,Coughlin SR

更新日期：1997-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature and length scales of charge screening in complex oxides are fundamental to a wide range of systems, spanning ceramic voltage-dependent resistors (varistors), oxide tunnel junctions and charge ordering in mixed-valence compounds. There are wide variations in the degree of charge disproportionation, length sc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ohtomo A,Muller DA,Grazul JL,Hwang HY

更新日期：2002-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) is responsible for transcribing all messenger RNAs in eukaryotic cells during a highly regulated process that is conserved from yeast to human, and that serves as a central control point for cellular function. Here we investigate the transcription dynamics of single RNAP II molecules from S...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Galburt EA,Grill SW,Wiedmann A,Lubkowska L,Choy J,Nogales E,Kashlev M,Bustamante C

更新日期：2007-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells operate in dynamic environments using extraordinary communication capabilities that emerge from the interactions of genetic circuitry. The mammalian immune response is a striking example of the coordination of different cell types. Cell-to-cell communication is primarily mediated by signalling molecules that for...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tay S,Hughey JJ,Lee TK,Lipniacki T,Quake SR,Covert MW

更新日期：2010-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:A main limitation of therapies that selectively target kinase signalling pathways is the emergence of secondary drug resistance. Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody that binds the extracellular domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is effective in a subset of KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancers. Aft...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Misale S,Yaeger R,Hobor S,Scala E,Janakiraman M,Liska D,Valtorta E,Schiavo R,Buscarino M,Siravegna G,Bencardino K,Cercek A,Chen CT,Veronese S,Zanon C,Sartore-Bianchi A,Gambacorta M,Gallicchio M,Vakiani E,Boscaro V,

更新日期：2012-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Indirect-benefit models of sexual selection assert that females gain heritable offspring advantages through a mating bias for males of superior genetic quality. This has generally been tested by associating a simple morphological quality indicator (for example, bird tail length) with offspring viability. However, sele...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fedorka KM,Mousseau TA

更新日期：2004-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects more than 30% of people over 80 years of age. The aetiology and pathogenesis of this progressive dementia is poorly understood, but symptomatic disease is associated histopathologically with amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal loss primarily in the temporal lobe and n...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kawabata S,Higgins GA,Gordon JW

更新日期：1991-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Organic photovoltaic cells are now approaching commercially viable efficiencies, particularly for applications that make use of their unique potential for flexibility and semitransparency1-3. However, their reliability remains a major concern, as even the most stable devices reported so far degrade within only a few y...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Burlingame Q,Huang X,Liu X,Jeong C,Coburn C,Forrest SR

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many precious, 'iron-loving' metals, such as gold, are surprisingly abundant in the accessible parts of the Earth, given the efficiency with which core formation should have removed them to the planet's deep interior. One explanation of their over-abundance is a 'late veneer'--a flux of meteorites added to the Earth a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Willbold M,Elliott T,Moorbath S

更新日期：2011-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The death of massive stars produces a variety of supernovae, which are linked to the structure of the exploding stars. The detection of several precursor stars of type II supernovae has been reported (see, for example, ref. 3), but we do not yet have direct information on the progenitors of the hydrogen-deficient type...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pastorello A,Smartt SJ,Mattila S,Eldridge JJ,Young D,Itagaki K,Yamaoka H,Navasardyan H,Valenti S,Patat F,Agnoletto I,Augusteijn T,Benetti S,Cappellaro E,Boles T,Bonnet-Bidaud JM,Botticella MT,Bufano F,Cao C,Deng J,

更新日期：2007-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Complexity in male sexual displays is widely appreciated but diversity in female mate choice has received little attention. Males of many species have sexual displays composed of multiple display traits, and females are thought to use these different traits in mate choice. Models of multiple display trait evolution su...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Coleman SW,Patricelli GL,Borgia G

更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The maturation of RAS GTPases and approximately 200 other cellular CAAX proteins involves three enzymatic steps: addition of a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl prenyl lipid to the cysteine (C) in the C-terminal CAAX motif, proteolytic cleavage of the AAX residues and methylation of the exposed prenylcysteine residue at its ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Diver MM,Pedi L,Koide A,Koide S,Long SB

更新日期：2018-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/nature18614. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reischauer S,Stone OA,Villasenor A,Chi N,Jin SW,Martin M,Lee MT,Fukuda N,Marass M,Witty A,Fiddes I,Kuo T,Chung WS,Salek S,Lerrigo R,Alsiö J,Luo S,Tworus D,Augustine SM,Mucenieks S,Nystedt B,Giraldez AJ,Schroth

更新日期：2018-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Large panels of comprehensively characterized human cancer models, including the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), have provided a rigorous framework with which to study genetic variants, candidate targets, and small-molecule and biological therapeutics and to identify new marker-driven cancer dependencies. To imp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ghandi M,Huang FW,Jané-Valbuena J,Kryukov GV,Lo CC,McDonald ER 3rd,Barretina J,Gelfand ET,Bielski CM,Li H,Hu K,Andreev-Drakhlin AY,Kim J,Hess JM,Haas BJ,Aguet F,Weir BA,Rothberg MV,Paolella BR,Lawrence MS,Akbani R

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the pioneering work of the Millers it has become clear that most chemical carcinogens require metabolism to reactive electrophiles and then exhibit their carcinogenic potential by reacting chemically with, and modifying, cellular macromolecules. At first modification of proteins was considered most likely to be ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Allen JA,Coombs MM

更新日期：1980-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The quantum-level interplay between geometry, topology and correlation is at the forefront of fundamental physics1-15. Kagome magnets are predicted to support intrinsic Chern quantum phases owing to their unusual lattice geometry and breaking of time-reversal symmetry14,15. However, quantum materials hosting ideal spi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yin JX,Ma W,Cochran TA,Xu X,Zhang SS,Tien HJ,Shumiya N,Cheng G,Jiang K,Lian B,Song Z,Chang G,Belopolski I,Multer D,Litskevich M,Cheng ZJ,Yang XP,Swidler B,Zhou H,Lin H,Neupert T,Wang Z,Yao N,Chang TR,Jia S

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen consumption by carnivorous reptiles increases enormously after they have eaten a large meal in order to meet metabolic demands, and this places an extra load on the cardiovascular system. Here we show that there is an extraordinarily rapid 40% increase in ventricular muscle mass in Burmese pythons (Python molur...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Andersen JB,Rourke BC,Caiozzo VJ,Bennett AF,Hicks JW

更新日期：2005-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In Drosophila, most individual olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) project bilaterally to both sides of the brain. Having bilateral rather than unilateral projections may represent a useful redundancy. However, bilateral ORN projections to the brain should also compromise the ability to lateralize odours. Nevertheless, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gaudry Q,Hong EJ,Kain J,de Bivort BL,Wilson RI

更新日期：2013-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The murine cardioviruses, such as the Mengo and encephalomyocarditis viruses, and the bovine aphthoviruses, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus, are distinguished among positive-strand RNA viruses by the presence of long homopolymeric poly(C) tracts within their 5' noncoding sequences. Although the specific lengths (...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Duke GM,Osorio JE,Palmenberg AC

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to environmental cues that promote IP3 (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate) generation, IP3 receptors (IP3Rs) located on the endoplasmic reticulum allow the 'quasisynaptical' feeding of calcium to the mitochondria to promote oxidative phosphorylation. However, persistent Ca2+ release results in mitochondrial Ca2...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kuchay S,Giorgi C,Simoneschi D,Pagan J,Missiroli S,Saraf A,Florens L,Washburn MP,Collazo-Lorduy A,Castillo-Martin M,Cordon-Cardo C,Sebti SM,Pinton P,Pagano M

更新日期：2017-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We often face alternatives that we are free to choose between. Planning movements to select an alternative involves several areas in frontal and parietal cortex that are anatomically connected into long-range circuits. These areas must coordinate their activity to select a common movement goal, but how neural circuits...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pesaran B,Nelson MJ,Andersen RA

更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The neocortex of the adult brain consists of neurons and glia that are generated by precursor cells of the embryonic ventricular zone. In general, glia are generated after neurons during development, but radial glia are an exception to this rule. Radial glia are generated before neurogenesis and guide neuronal migrati...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Noctor SC,Flint AC,Weissman TA,Dammerman RS,Kriegstein AR

更新日期：2001-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Truncation of the tumour suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) constitutively activates the Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway. Apc has a role in development: for example, embryos of mice with truncated Apc do not complete gastrulation. To understand this role more fully, we examined the effect of truncated Apc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hurlstone AF,Haramis AP,Wienholds E,Begthel H,Korving J,Van Eeden F,Cuppen E,Zivkovic D,Plasterk RH,Clevers H

更新日期：2003-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other neurotrophins have a vital role in the development of the rat and mouse nervous system by influencing the expression of many specific genes that promote differentiation, cell survival, synapse formation and, later, synaptic plasticity. Although nitric oxide (NO) is kn...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nott A,Watson PM,Robinson JD,Crepaldi L,Riccio A

更新日期：2008-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex-oxide materials exhibit a vast range of functional properties desirable for next-generation electronic, spintronic, magnetoelectric, neuromorphic, and energy conversion storage devices1-4. Their physical functionalities can be coupled by stacking layers of such materials to create heterostructures and can be f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kum HS,Lee H,Kim S,Lindemann S,Kong W,Qiao K,Chen P,Irwin J,Lee JH,Xie S,Subramanian S,Shim J,Bae SH,Choi C,Ranno L,Seo S,Lee S,Bauer J,Li H,Lee K,Robinson JA,Ross CA,Schlom DG,Rzchowski MS,Eom CB,Kim J

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A serine/threonine kinase, named protein kinase B (PKB) for its sequence homology to both protein kinase A and C, has previously been isolated. PKB, which is identical to the kinase Rac, was later found to be the cellular homologue of the transforming v-Akt. Here we show that PKB is activated by stimuli such as insuli...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Burgering BM,Coffer PJ

更新日期：1995-08-17 00:00:00