Abstract:
:A serine/threonine kinase, named protein kinase B (PKB) for its sequence homology to both protein kinase A and C, has previously been isolated. PKB, which is identical to the kinase Rac, was later found to be the cellular homologue of the transforming v-Akt. Here we show that PKB is activated by stimuli such as insulin, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Activation of PKB was inhibited by the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K) inhibitor wortmannin and by coexpression of a dominant-negative mutant of PI(3)K. PDGF receptor mutants that lack detectable associated PI(3)K activity also fail to induce PKB activation, PKB kinase activity is correlated with phosphorylation of PKB on serine. Finally, we show that a constructed Gag-PKB fusion protein, homologous to the v-akt oncogene, displays significantly increased ligand-independent kinase activity. Furthermore, this activity is sufficient to activate the p70 S6-kinase (p70S6K). These results suggest a role for PKB in PI(3)K-mediated signal transduction.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Burgering BM,Coffer PJdoi
10.1038/376599a0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-08-17 00:00:00pages
599-602issue
6541eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
376pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::The maternal gene bicoid (bcd) determines pattern in the anterior half of the Drosophila embryo. It is reported here that the injection of bcd mutant embryos with messenger RNAs that encode proteins consisting of heterologous acidic transcriptional activating sequences fused to the DNA-binding portion of the bcd gene ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/342149a0
更新日期:1989-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::Gut commensal microbes shape the mucosal immune system by regulating the differentiation and expansion of several types of T cell. Clostridia, a dominant class of commensal microbe, can induce colonic regulatory T (Treg) cells, which have a central role in the suppression of inflammatory and allergic responses. Howeve...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12721
更新日期:2013-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::The Earth has distinctive convective behaviour, described by the plate tectonics model, in which lateral motion of the oceanic lithosphere of basaltic crust and peridotitic uppermost mantle is decoupled from the underlying mechanically weaker upper mantle (asthenosphere). The reason for differentiation at the lithosph...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09369
更新日期:2010-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Measurement of the free calcium concentration within a photo-receptor outer segment has been considered an important aim since the proposal by Hagins and Yoshikami that the primary event in phototransduction is a release of Ca (2+) inside the cell. More recent evidence has cast doubt on the calcium hypothesis, and the...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/322261a0
更新日期:1986-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Actin is one of the most ubiquitous, abundant and well-conserved proteins of eukaryotes, participating in many crucial cellular processes including the maintenance of cell shape, motility and cell division. Actins from the most divergent sources still share amino-acid identities in excess of 70% (ref. 3). This may wel...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/359246a0
更新日期:1992-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::The four R-spondin secreted ligands (RSPO1-RSPO4) act via their cognate LGR4, LGR5 and LGR6 receptors to amplify WNT signalling1-3. Here we report an allelic series of recessive RSPO2 mutations in humans that cause tetra-amelia syndrome, which is characterized by lung aplasia and a total absence of the four limbs. Fun...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0118-y
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Imperfect knowledge of the times at which 'snapshots' of a system are recorded degrades our ability to recover dynamical information, and can scramble the sequence of events. In X-ray free-electron lasers, for example, the uncertainty--the so-called timing jitter--between the arrival of an optical trigger ('pump') pul...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature17627
更新日期:2016-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Occupancy of the T-cell antigen receptor is insufficient to induce T-cell activation optimally; a second co-stimulatory signal is required. Exposure of T-cell clones to complexes of antigen with major histocompatibility complex molecules in the absence of the co-stimulatory signal induces a state of clonal anergy. Thi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/356607a0
更新日期:1992-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the p53 tumour-suppressor gene are the most frequently observed genetic lesions in human cancers. To investigate the role of the p53 gene in mammalian development and tumorigenesis, a null mutation was introduced into the gene by homologous recombination in murine embryonic stem cells. Mice homozygous for...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/356215a0
更新日期:1992-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::The quest for higher data density in information storage is motivating investigations into approaches for manipulating magnetization by means other than magnetic fields. This is evidenced by the recent boom in magnetoelectronics and 'spintronics', where phenomena such as carrier effects in magnetic semiconductors and ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02728
更新日期:2004-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::Complex topological configurations are fertile ground for exploring emergent phenomena and exotic phases in condensed-matter physics. For example, the recent discovery of polarization vortices and their associated complex-phase coexistence and response under applied electric fields in superlattices of (PbTiO3)n/(SrTiO...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1092-8
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ribosome-driven protein biosynthesis is comprised of four phases: initiation, elongation, termination and recycling. In bacteria, ribosome recycling requires ribosome recycling factor and elongation factor G, and several structures of bacterial recycling complexes have been determined. In the eukaryotic and archaeal k...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10829
更新日期:2012-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Calcification of the aortic valve is the third leading cause of heart disease in adults. The incidence increases with age, and it is often associated with a bicuspid aortic valve present in 1-2% of the population. Despite the frequency, neither the mechanisms of valve calcification nor the developmental origin of a tw...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03940
更新日期:2005-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::Dynamin is a mechanochemical GTPase that oligomerizes around the neck of clathrin-coated pits and catalyses vesicle scission in a GTP-hydrolysis-dependent manner. The molecular details of oligomerization and the mechanism of the mechanochemical coupling are currently unknown. Here we present the crystal structure of h...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10369
更新日期:2011-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Type-A γ-aminobutyric (GABAA) receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels with a very rich pharmacology. Some of their modulators, including benzodiazepines and general anaesthetics, are among the most successful drugs in clinical use and are common substances of abuse. Without reliable structural data, the mechanist...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0832-5
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inclusive fitness theory predicts that organisms can often increase their fitness by helping relatives. Indeed, many animals modify their behaviour towards kin in a fashion consistent with theory. Morphogenesis may also be sensitive to kinship environment, especially in species that facultatively produce distinct morp...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/362836a0
更新日期:1993-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Direct lineage reprogramming represents a remarkable conversion of cellular and transcriptome states. However, the intermediate stages through which individual cells progress during reprogramming are largely undefined. Here we use single-cell RNA sequencing at multiple time points to dissect direct reprogramming from ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature18323
更新日期:2016-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Self-incompatibility in flowering plants is often controlled by a single nuclear gene (the S-gene) having several alleles. This gene prevents fertilization by self-pollen or by pollen bearing either of the two S-alleles expressed in the style. Sequence analysis shows that three alleles of the S gene of Nicotiana alata...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/342955a0
更新日期:1989-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Ever since Stephen Paget's 1889 hypothesis, metastatic organotropism has remained one of cancer's greatest mysteries. Here we demonstrate that exosomes from mouse and human lung-, liver- and brain-tropic tumour cells fuse preferentially with resident cells at their predicted destination, namely lung fibroblasts and ep...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature15756
更新日期:2015-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::The LamB protein is an integral membrane protein of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli. We have now found that, when synthesized in an E. coli cell-free translation system supplemented with inverted vesicles derived from the E. coli inner membrane, LamB protein is integrated into the vesicle membrane as assayed by...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/323071a0
更新日期:1986-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::Since the pioneering work of the Millers it has become clear that most chemical carcinogens require metabolism to reactive electrophiles and then exhibit their carcinogenic potential by reacting chemically with, and modifying, cellular macromolecules. At first modification of proteins was considered most likely to be ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/287244a0
更新日期:1980-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::The development of cancer is contingent on the emergence of at least one clone of transformed cells. One method used to investigate whether human tumours are monoclonal depends on the mosaicism in the normal tissues of women heterozygous for the two forms of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD). This ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/299822a0
更新日期:1982-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::One simple, widely accepted mechanism for generating an aberrant chromosome number, or aneuploidy, is through nondisjunction--a chromosome distribution error that occurs during mitosis when both copies of a duplicated chromosome are deposited into one daughter cell and none into the other. Shi and King challenge this ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05139
更新日期:2006-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::The hippocampus is critical to declarative memory in humans. This kind of memory involves associations among items or events that can be accessed flexibly to guide memory expression in various and even new situations. In animals, there has been controversy about whether the hippocampus is specialized for spatial memor...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/379255a0
更新日期:1996-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::We have postulated that an excitatory postsynaptic potential (e.p.s.p.) may open voltage-sensitive K+ ('M') channels, in an appropriate depolarizing range, and that this could alter the e.p.s.p. waveform. Consequently, the fast e.p.s.p. in neurones of sympathetic ganglia, elicited by a nicotinic action of acetylcholin...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/305148a0
更新日期:1983-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::Human behaviour is thought to spread through face-to-face social networks, but it is difficult to identify social influence effects in observational studies, and it is unknown whether online social networks operate in the same way. Here we report results from a randomized controlled trial of political mobilization mes...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/nature11421
更新日期:2012-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::H-2 class I antigens appear to direct the recognition of virus-infected and neoplastic transformed cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Here, to identify the regions of class I antigens involved in CTL recognition, four hybrid class I genes were constructed in which exons were exchanged between the H-2Kb and H-2Db...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/309279a0
更新日期:1984-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction of DNA fragments, hundreds of kilobases in size, into mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells would greatly advance the ability to manipulate the mouse genome. Mice generated from such modified cells would permit investigation of the function and expression of very large or crudely mapped genes. Large DNA molecul...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/362255a0
更新日期:1993-03-18 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,新闻
doi:10.1038/d41586-018-05909-0
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most striking feature of the Sun's magnetic field is its cyclic behaviour. The number of sunspots, which are dark regions of strong magnetic field on the Sun's surface, varies with a period of about 11 years. Superposed on this cycle are secular changes that occur on timescales of centuries and events like the Mau...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35044027
更新日期:2000-11-23 00:00:00