Intraprotein radical transfer during photoactivation of DNA photolyase.

abstract：:Our understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is currently limited by difficulties in obtaining live neurons from patients and the inability to model the sporadic form of the disease. It may be possible to overcome these challenges by reprogramming primary cells from patients into induced pluripotent stem cell...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Israel MA,Yuan SH,Bardy C,Reyna SM,Mu Y,Herrera C,Hefferan MP,Van Gorp S,Nazor KL,Boscolo FS,Carson CT,Laurent LC,Marsala M,Gage FH,Remes AM,Koo EH,Goldstein LS

更新日期：2012-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A large impact by a comet or meteorite releases an enormous amount of energy, which evaporates, melts and fractures the surrounding rocks. Distinctive features of such impacts are 'shatter cones', deformed rocks characterized by hierarchical striated features. Although such features have been used for decades as unequ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sagy A,Reches Z,Fineberg J

更新日期：2002-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The biochemical and morphological differentiation of actinomycetes makes them academically and economically interesting. Their secondary metabolites provide the majority of medically and agriculturally important antibiotics (streptomycete genes may also be the primary source of clinically important antibiotic resistan...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Thompson CJ,Ward JM,Hopwood DA

更新日期：1980-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:B-RAF is the most frequently mutated protein kinase in human cancers. The finding that oncogenic mutations in BRAF are common in melanoma, followed by the demonstration that these tumours are dependent on the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, offered hope that inhibition of B-RAF kinase activity could benefit melanoma patients. He...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bollag G,Hirth P,Tsai J,Zhang J,Ibrahim PN,Cho H,Spevak W,Zhang C,Zhang Y,Habets G,Burton EA,Wong B,Tsang G,West BL,Powell B,Shellooe R,Marimuthu A,Nguyen H,Zhang KY,Artis DR,Schlessinger J,Su F,Higgins B,Iy

更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, expel toxic chemicals through tripartite efflux pumps that span both the inner and outer membrane. The three parts are an inner membrane, substrate-binding transporter; a membrane fusion protein; and an outer-membrane-anchored channel. The fusion protein connects the t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Su CC,Long F,Zimmermann MT,Rajashankar KR,Jernigan RL,Yu EW

更新日期：2011-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Although it has been proposed that the activation of T lymphocytes is mediated by an early rise in cytosolic calcium concentration, it has not been possible to mimic antigen- or mitogen-induced mouse lymphocyte activation by calcium ionophores that bypass receptor-mediated processes. There is now evidence from other s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Truneh A,Albert F,Golstein P,Schmitt-Verhulst AM

更新日期：1985-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Diffuse gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumours in adults and include glioblastomas and World Health Organization (WHO) grade II and grade III tumours (sometimes referred to as lower-grade gliomas). Genetic tumour profiling is used to classify disease and guide therapy1,2, but involves brain surgery for ti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller AM,Shah RH,Pentsova EI,Pourmaleki M,Briggs S,Distefano N,Zheng Y,Skakodub A,Mehta SA,Campos C,Hsieh WY,Selcuklu SD,Ling L,Meng F,Jing X,Samoila A,Bale TA,Tsui DWY,Grommes C,Viale A,Souweidane MM,Tabar V,

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Potent marine neurotoxins known as brevetoxins are produced by the 'red tide' dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. They kill large numbers of fish and cause illness in humans who ingest toxic filter-feeding shellfish or inhale toxic aerosols. The toxins are also suspected of having been involved in events in which many mana...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Flewelling LJ,Naar JP,Abbott JP,Baden DG,Barros NB,Bossart GD,Bottein MY,Hammond DG,Haubold EM,Heil CA,Henry MS,Jacocks HM,Leighfield TA,Pierce RH,Pitchford TD,Rommel SA,Scott PS,Steidinger KA,Truby EW,Van Dolah FM

更新日期：2005-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial pathogens trigger specialized virulence factor secretion systems on encountering host cells. The ESX-1 protein secretion system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-the causative agent of the human disease tuberculosis-delivers bacterial proteins into host cells during infection and is critical for virulence, but h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Raghavan S,Manzanillo P,Chan K,Dovey C,Cox JS

更新日期：2008-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Double-walled carbon nanotubes are needed in a pure, highly crystalline form before features such as their electronic properties, thermal transport and mechanical behaviour can be investigated. Here we fabricate a paper-like material that consists of hexagonally packed bundles of clean, coaxial carbon nanotubes whose ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Endo M,Muramatsu H,Hayashi T,Kim YA,Terrones M,Dresselhaus MS

更新日期：2005-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular approaches to understanding the functional circuitry of the nervous system promise new insights into the relationship between genes, brain and behaviour. The cellular diversity of the brain necessitates a cellular resolution approach towards understanding the functional genomics of the nervous system. We des...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lein ES,Hawrylycz MJ,Ao N,Ayres M,Bensinger A,Bernard A,Boe AF,Boguski MS,Brockway KS,Byrnes EJ,Chen L,Chen L,Chen TM,Chin MC,Chong J,Crook BE,Czaplinska A,Dang CN,Datta S,Dee NR,Desaki AL,Desta T,Diep E,Dol

更新日期：2007-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Collections in early Middle Miocene deposits at Pasalar in Turkey have yielded a very rich fauna. Included in this are two hominoid species referred here to Sivapithecus darwini (Abel) 1902 and Ramapithecus wickeri (Leakey) 1962. These are both more primitive morphologically and earlier in time than other species of t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Andrews P,Tobien H

更新日期：1977-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Inositol trisphosphate is a second messenger that controls many cellular processes by generating internal calcium signals. It operates through receptors whose molecular and physiological properties closely resemble the calcium-mobilizing ryanodine receptors of muscle. This family of intracellular calcium channels disp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Berridge MJ

更新日期：1993-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult newts regenerate functional limbs after amputation. This process normally depends on the trophic influence of nerves on the regenerating limbs, particularly in the early stages before differentiation of the regeneration blastema, when it stimulates growth by maintaining high rates of macromolecular synthesis. Th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rathbone MP,Petri J,Choo AF,Logan DM,Carlone RL,Foret JE

更新日期：1980-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cyranoski D

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Late Devonian genus Ichthyostega was for many decades the earliest known tetrapod, and the sole representative of a transitional form between a fish and a land vertebrate. However, despite being known since 1932 (ref. 1) from a large collection of specimens, its morphology remained enigmatic and not what was expec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Clack JA,Ahlberg PE,Finney SM,Dominguez Alonso P,Robinson J,Ketcham RA

更新日期：2003-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A paramutation is an epigenetic interaction between two alleles of a locus, through which one allele induces a heritable modification in the other allele without modifying the DNA sequence. The paramutated allele itself becomes paramutagenic, that is, capable of epigenetically converting a new paramutable allele. Here...

journal_title：Nature

authors： de Vanssay A,Bougé AL,Boivin A,Hermant C,Teysset L,Delmarre V,Antoniewski C,Ronsseray S

更新日期：2012-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinctive acute brain damage involving limbic and related brain regions develops in adult rats following sustained limbic seizures induced by systemic administration of kainic acid or dipiperidinoethane (DPE) or by intra-amygdaloid injection of kainic acid or folic acid. This seizure-brain damage (S-BD) syndrome is ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Olney JW,de Gubareff T,Labruyere J

更新日期：1983-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptors are members of the Cys-loop receptor superfamily. Neurotransmitter binding in these proteins triggers the opening (gating) of an ion channel by means of an as-yet-uncharacterized conformational change. Here we show that a specific proline (Pro 8*), located at the apex of th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lummis SC,Beene DL,Lee LW,Lester HA,Broadhurst RW,Dougherty DA

更新日期：2005-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p(CO(2))) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO(2) where it is estimated to have caused a 30% incr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hall-Spencer JM,Rodolfo-Metalpa R,Martin S,Ransome E,Fine M,Turner SM,Rowley SJ,Tedesco D,Buia MC

更新日期：2008-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Relapse to cocaine use after prolonged abstinence is an important clinical problem. This relapse is often induced by exposure to cues associated with cocaine use. To account for the persistent propensity for relapse, it has been suggested that cue-induced cocaine craving increases over the first several weeks of absti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Conrad KL,Tseng KY,Uejima JL,Reimers JM,Heng LJ,Shaham Y,Marinelli M,Wolf ME

更新日期：2008-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Activated T lymphocytes differentiate into effector cells tailored to meet disparate challenges to host integrity. For example, type 1 and type 2 helper (T(H)1 and T(H)2) cells secrete cytokines that enhance cell-mediated and humoral immunity, respectively. The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) can ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gu L,Tseng S,Horner RM,Tam C,Loda M,Rollins BJ

更新日期：2000-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Courtship is an innate sexually dimorphic behaviour that can be observed in naive animals without previous learning or experience, suggesting that the neural circuits that mediate this behaviour are developmentally programmed. In Drosophila, courtship involves a complex yet stereotyped array of dimorphic behaviours th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Datta SR,Vasconcelos ML,Ruta V,Luo S,Wong A,Demir E,Flores J,Balonze K,Dickson BJ,Axel R

更新日期：2008-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural mechanisms that mediate the ability to make value-guided decisions have received substantial attention in humans and animals1-6. Experiments in animals typically involve long training periods. By contrast, choices in the real world often need to be made between new options spontaneously. It is therefore possibl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bongioanni A,Folloni D,Verhagen L,Sallet J,Klein-Flügge MC,Rushworth MFS

更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Ageing is characterized by the development of persistent pro-inflammatory responses that contribute to atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, cancer and frailty1-3. The ageing brain is also vulnerable to inflammation, as demonstrated by the high prevalence of age-associated cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease4-6. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Minhas PS,Latif-Hernandez A,McReynolds MR,Durairaj AS,Wang Q,Rubin A,Joshi AU,He JQ,Gauba E,Liu L,Wang C,Linde M,Sugiura Y,Moon PK,Majeti R,Suematsu M,Mochly-Rosen D,Weissman IL,Longo FM,Rabinowitz JD,Andreasson K

更新日期：2021-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is a disorder of energy balance, indicating a chronic disequilibrium between energy intake and expenditure. Recently, the mouse ob gene, and subsequently its human and rat homologues, have been cloned. The ob gene product, leptin, is expressed exclusively in adipose tissue, and appears to be a signalling facto...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Saladin R,De Vos P,Guerre-Millo M,Leturque A,Girard J,Staels B,Auwerx J

更新日期：1995-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The 30S ribosomal subunit binds messenger RNA and the anticodon stem-loop of transfer RNA during protein synthesis. A crystallographic analysis of the structure of the subunit from the bacterium Thermus thermophilus is presented. At a resolution of 5.5 A, the phosphate backbone of the ribosomal RNA is visible, as are ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Clemons WM Jr,May JL,Wimberly BT,McCutcheon JP,Capel MS,Ramakrishnan V

更新日期：1999-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:During wild-type development, a protein product of the Caenorhabditis elegans heterochronic gene lin-14 is localized to nuclei of specific somatic cells in embryos and early larvae, but is absent in late larvae and adult soma. Gain-of-function lin-14 mutations cause the level of lin-14 protein to remain high throughou...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ruvkun G,Giusto J

更新日期：1989-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic compass information has a key role in bird orientation, but the physiological mechanisms enabling birds to sense the Earth's magnetic field remain one of the unresolved mysteries in biology. Two biophysical mechanisms have become established as the most promising magnetodetection candidates. The iron-mineral-...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zapka M,Heyers D,Hein CM,Engels S,Schneider NL,Hans J,Weiler S,Dreyer D,Kishkinev D,Wild JM,Mouritsen H

更新日期：2009-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Over 200 recessive X chromosome-linked diseases, typically affecting only hemizygous males, have been identified. In many of these, prenatal diagnosis is possible by chorion villus sampling (CVS) or amniocentesis, followed by cytogenetic, biochemical or molecular analysis of the cells recovered from the conceptus. In ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Handyside AH,Kontogianni EH,Hardy K,Winston RM

更新日期：1990-04-19 00:00:00