Control of TH2 polarization by the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, accompanied by synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Antibody-based immunotherapy against Aβ to trigger its clearance or mitigate its neurotoxicity has so far been unsuccessful. Here we rep...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sevigny J,Chiao P,Bussière T,Weinreb PH,Williams L,Maier M,Dunstan R,Salloway S,Chen T,Ling Y,O'Gorman J,Qian F,Arastu M,Li M,Chollate S,Brennan MS,Quintero-Monzon O,Scannevin RH,Arnold HM,Engber T,Rhodes K,Ferr

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genotypic variation among independent isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is well known, but its molecular basis and biological consequences are poorly understood. We examined the genesis of molecular variation in HIV-1 by sequential virus isolations from two chronically infected individuals and an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Saag MS,Hahn BH,Gibbons J,Li Y,Parks ES,Parks WP,Shaw GM

更新日期：1988-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Light usually propagates inside transparent materials in well known ways. However, recent research has examined the possibility of modifying the way the light travels by taking a normal transparent dielectric and inserting tiny metallic inclusions of various shapes and arrangements. As light passes through these struc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tsakmakidis KL,Boardman AD,Hess O

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Small synthetic molecules called growth-hormone secretagogues (GHSs) stimulate the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary. They act through GHS-R, a G-protein-coupled receptor for which the ligand is unknown. Recent cloning of GHS-R strongly suggests that an endogenous ligand for the receptor does exist and...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kojima M,Hosoda H,Date Y,Nakazato M,Matsuo H,Kangawa K

更新日期：1999-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Researchers recognize that society needs accurate and comprehensive estimates of the economic value of rain forests to assess conservation and management options. Valuation of forests can help us to decide whether to implement policies that reconcile the value different groups attach to forests. Here we have measured ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Godoy R,Wilkie D,Overman H,Cubas A,Cubas G,Demmer J,McSweeney K,Brokaw N

更新日期：2000-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The shape of the human erythrocyte depends on intracellular ATP content and echinocytic erythrocyte ghosts obtained in the presence of Mg-ATP acquire a diskocytic shape after incubation at 37 degrees C; however, agreement is lacking about the molecular basis of the shape changes. The suggestion that phosphorylation of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jinbu Y,Sato S,Nakao M

更新日期：1984-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hawaiian-Emperor volcanic island and seamount chain is usually attributed to a hot mantle plume, located beneath the Pacific lithosphere, that delivers material sourced from deep in the mantle to the surface. The shield volcanoes of the Hawaiian islands are distributed in two curvilinear, parallel trends (termed '...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ren ZY,Ingle S,Takahashi E,Hirano N,Hirata T

更新日期：2005-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:S-100 protein, one of the unique proteins found in the nervous system, has recently been discovered unexpectedly in the rat anterior pituitary. Immunocytochemistry reveals that stellate, follicular and folliculostellate cells, and marginal cells of the rat anterior pituitary contain this protein; however, as far as we...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ishikawa H,Nogami H,Shirasawa N

更新日期：1983-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Coherent light sources can be used to manipulate the outcome of light-matter interactions by exploiting interference phenomena in the time and frequency domain. A powerful tool in this emerging field of 'quantum control' is the adaptive shaping of femtosecond laser pulses, resulting, for instance, in selective molecul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brixner T,Damrauer NH,Niklaus P,Gerber G

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an important model for studying the genetics of ageing, with over 50 life-extension mutations known so far. However, little is known about the pathobiology of ageing in this species, limiting attempts to connect genotype with senescent phenotype. Using ultrastructural analysis an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Herndon LA,Schmeissner PJ,Dudaronek JM,Brown PA,Listner KM,Sakano Y,Paupard MC,Hall DH,Driscoll M

更新日期：2002-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations seem to have been several times modern levels during much of the Palaeozoic era (543-248 million years ago), but decreased during the Carboniferous period to concentrations similar to that of today. Given that carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, it has been proposed that surfa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Came RE,Eiler JM,Veizer J,Azmy K,Brand U,Weidman CR

更新日期：2007-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:At early stages of the mammalian visual cortex, neurons with similar stimulus selectivities are vertically arrayed through the thickness of the cortical sheet and clustered in patches or bands across the surface. This organization, referred to as a 'column', has been found with respect to one-dimensional stimulus para...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fujita I,Tanaka K,Ito M,Cheng K

更新日期：1992-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Davies J,Stoett P

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is common knowledge that our feelings of alertness or drowsiness vary throughout the day. Indeed, this diurnal variation is so widely accepted that it has been used to validate the drowsy/alert component of activation obtained from mood adjective checklists. There is, however, some evidence from sleep deprivation a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Folkard S,Hume KI,Minors DS,Waterhouse JM,Watson FL

更新日期：1985-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioural studies and field observations demonstrate that echolocating bats simultaneously perceive range, direction and shape of multiple objects in the environment as acoustic images derived from echoes. Cortical echo delay-tuned neurons contribute to the perception of object range, because focal inactivation of t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dear SP,Simmons JA,Fritz J

更新日期：1993-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been established that many eukaryotic mRNAs contain poly(adenylic acid) tracts at their 3'-termini. The polyadenylation of mRNA occurs post-transcriptionally in the nucleus as a rapid, initial addition of 100-200 adenylate residues to the pre-mRNA (ref. 1). Subsequently, a slower chain extension (6-8 bases) of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rose KM,Bell LE,Jacob ST

更新日期：1977-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:At one time the synthetic chemist's last resort, reactions catalysed by transition metals are now the preferred method for synthesizing many types of organic molecule. A recent success in this type of catalysis is the discovery of reactions that form bonds between carbon and heteroatoms (such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hartwig JF

更新日期：2008-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders is a substantial challenge for neurobiologists. It has long been hoped that identifying alleles that confer increased risk of such disorders would provide clues for neurobiological investigation. But this quest has been stymied by a lack of validated biologi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hyman SE

更新日期：2008-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of endothermy, which is achieved through the continuous homeostatic regulation of body temperature and metabolism1,2, is a defining feature of mammalian and avian evolution. However, when challenged by food deprivation or harsh environmental conditions, many mammalian species initiate adaptive energy-conser...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hrvatin S,Sun S,Wilcox OF,Yao H,Lavin-Peter AJ,Cicconet M,Assad EG,Palmer ME,Aronson S,Banks AS,Griffith EC,Greenberg ME

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plate tectonics successfully describes the surface of Earth as a mosaic of moving lithospheric plates. But it is not clear what happens at the base of the plates, the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB). The LAB has been well imaged with converted teleseismic waves, whose 10-40-kilometre wavelength controls the s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stern TA,Henrys SA,Okaya D,Louie JN,Savage MK,Lamb S,Sato H,Sutherland R,Iwasaki T

更新日期：2015-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormones and retinoic acid function through nuclear receptors that belong to the steroid/thyroid-hormone receptor superfamily. Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) and retinoic acid receptors (RARs) require auxiliary nuclear proteins for efficient DNA binding. Here we report that retinoid X receptors RXR alpha is o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang XK,Hoffmann B,Tran PB,Graupner G,Pfahl M

更新日期：1992-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutating the CAACCCCAA sequence in the RNA component of telomerase causes the synthesis in vivo of new telomere sequences corresponding to the mutated RNA sequence, demonstrating that the telomerase contains the template for telomere synthesis. These mutations also lead to nuclear and cell division defects, and senesc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yu GL,Bradley JD,Attardi LD,Blackburn EH

更新日期：1990-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Crohn's disease is a debilitating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can involve the entire digestive tract. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) encoding a missense variant in the autophagy gene ATG16L1 (rs2241880, Thr300Ala) is strongly associated with the incidence of Crohn's disease. Numerous studies have dem...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Murthy A,Li Y,Peng I,Reichelt M,Katakam AK,Noubade R,Roose-Girma M,DeVoss J,Diehl L,Graham RR,van Lookeren Campagne M

更新日期：2014-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Mast cells are primary effectors in allergic reactions, and may have important roles in disease by secreting histamine and various inflammatory and immunomodulatory substances. Although they are classically activated by immunoglobulin (Ig)E antibodies, a unique property of mast cells is their antibody-independent resp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： McNeil BD,Pundir P,Meeker S,Han L,Undem BJ,Kulka M,Dong X

更新日期：2015-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Remodelling its shape, or morphogenesis, is a fundamental property of living tissue. It underlies much of embryonic development and numerous pathologies. Convergent extension (CE) of the axial mesoderm of vertebrates is an intensively studied model for morphogenetic processes that rely on cell rearrangement. It involv...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ninomiya H,Elinson RP,Winklbauer R

更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Granular materials and ordinary fluids react differently to shear stresses. Rather than deforming uniformly, materials such as dry sand or cohesionless powders develop shear bands--narrow zones of large relative particle motion, with essentially rigid adjacent regions. Because shear bands mark areas of flow, material ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mueth DM,Debregeas GF,Karczmar GS,Eng PJ,Nagel SR,Jaeger HM

更新日期：2000-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Local galaxies are broadly divided into two main classes, star-forming (gas-rich) and quiescent (passive and gas-poor). The primary mechanism responsible for quenching star formation in galaxies and transforming them into quiescent and passive systems is still unclear. Sudden removal of gas through outflows or strippi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Peng Y,Maiolino R,Cochrane R

更新日期：2015-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:How long does it take a random walker to reach a given target point? This quantity, known as a first-passage time (FPT), has led to a growing number of theoretical investigations over the past decade. The importance of FPTs originates from the crucial role played by first encounter properties in various real situation...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Condamin S,Bénichou O,Tejedor V,Voituriez R,Klafter J

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organocatalysis-catalysis mediated by small chiral organic molecules-is a powerful technology for enantioselective synthesis, and has extensive applications in traditional ionic, two-electron-pair reactivity domains. Recently, organocatalysis has been successfully combined with photochemical reactivity to unlock previ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Silvi M,Melchiorre P

更新日期：2018-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:β-arrestins are critical regulator and transducer proteins for G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). β-arrestin is widely believed to be activated by forming a stable and stoichiometric GPCR-β-arrestin scaffold complex, which requires and is driven by the phosphorylated tail of the GPCR. Here we demonstrate a distinct ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eichel K,Jullié D,Barsi-Rhyne B,Latorraca NR,Masureel M,Sibarita JB,Dror RO,von Zastrow M

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00