Chronically denervated rat Schwann cells respond to GGF in vitro.

abstract：:The possible consequences of activating bradykinin (Bk) receptors on identified astrocyte subtypes derived from rat cortex have been investigated in terms of: 1) mobilization of intracellular Ca2+; and 2) electrophysiological response. Bk induced a rapid, transient rise in intracellular Ca2+ in 63% of cortical type-1-...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Stephens GJ,Cholewinski AJ,Wilkin GP,Djamgoz MB

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing evidence that chemokines, specialized regulators of the peripheral immune system, are also involved in the physiology and pathology of the CNS. It is known that glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) express various chemokine receptors like CCR1, -3, -5, and CXCR4. We have investigated the possible...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zuurman MW,Heeroma J,Brouwer N,Boddeke HW,Biber K

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroepithelial progenitor cells from forebrains of newborn rat pups develop into "mature" astrocytes in an epidermal growth factor-containing medium free of serum (Von Visger et al: Exp Neurol 128:34, 1994). Eight-week-old "mature" astrocyte cultures on poly-L-lysine-coated dishes were exposed to an acidic medium (pH...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Oh TH,Markelonis GJ,Von Visger JR,Baik B,Shipley MT

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The failure of the adult injured spinal cord to support axonal regeneration is in part attributed to the glial scar. Reactive astrocytes constitute a major cellular component of the glial scar and are heterogeneous with respect to the extracellular matrix proteins that they secrete. Astrocytes may produce antiregenera...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gris P,Tighe A,Levin D,Sharma R,Brown A

更新日期：2007-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the peripheral anti-inflammatory effect of norepinephrine (NE) is well documented, the mechanism by which this neurotransmitter functions as an anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective agent in the central nervous system (CNS) is unclear. This article aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective effects ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Jiang L,Chen SH,Chu CH,Wang SJ,Oyarzabal E,Wilson B,Sanders V,Xie K,Wang Q,Hong JS

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulative evidence indicates that microglial cells influence the normal development of central nervous system (CNS) synapses. Yet, the functional properties of microglia in relation with synapse development remain unclear. We recently showed that in layer 4 of the whisker-related barrel field of the mouse somatosen...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Arnoux I,Hoshiko M,Mandavy L,Avignone E,Yamamoto N,Audinat E

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were given a single dose of trimethyltin chloride (TMT). Three days following treatment, a neuronal alteration was observed in the CA3c pyramidal cell layer of hippocampus which was not accompanied by any apparent astrocyte reaction. At 1 as well as 2 weeks after treatment, a gliosis in hippo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Andersson H,Luthman J,Olson L

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular pH (pHi) was measured at 37 degrees C in mature rat cerebellar oligodendrocytes dissociated in culture by using the pH-sensitive probe BCECF. Cells were identified by anti-galactocerebroside antibody. The mean steady-state pHi was 7.02 in the absence of CO2/bicarbonate (Hepes-buffered solution) at an ext...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Boussouf A,Lambert RC,Gaillard S

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the adult mammalian brain, neurogenesis originates from astrocyte-like stem cells. We generated a transgenic mouse line in which the tetracycline dependent transactivator (tTA) is expressed under the control of the murine GFAP promoter. In this mouse line, inducible gene expression targets virtually all GFAP-expres...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Weber T,Baier V,Pauly R,Sahay A,Baur M,Herrmann E,Ciccolini F,Hen R,Kronenberg G,Bartsch D

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nogo-A is a potent glial-derived inhibitor of axon growth in the injured CNS and acts as a negative regulator of developmental angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial cell migration. However, its function in pathological angiogenesis has never been studied after ischemic injury in the CNS. Using the mouse mode...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Joly S,Dejda A,Rodriguez L,Sapieha P,Pernet V

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurosteroids, such as progesterone, influence central nervous system development and function by regulating a broad spectrum of physiological processes. Here, we investigated membrane-initiated actions of progesterone in the retina and identified the membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 1 (PGRMC1). We ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Swiatek-De Lange M,Stampfl A,Hauck SM,Zischka H,Gloeckner CJ,Deeg CA,Ueffing M

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is known to interact with cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we report that, interestingly, it is a potent inductor of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the CNS of infected animals and in pure cultures of astrocytes. Maximal IL-6 gene transcription in glial cells, as ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Rubio N,Sierra A

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:VEGF is an important factor in tumor vascularization and used as target for anti-angiogenic treatment strategies in glioma. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that VEGF is a modulator of the innate immune response with suppressive effects on the immunologic and pro-angiogenic function of microglia/macrop...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Turkowski K,Brandenburg S,Mueller A,Kremenetskaia I,Bungert AD,Blank A,Felsenstein M,Vajkoczy P

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The technology to generate autologous pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) from almost any somatic cell type has brought various cell replacement therapies within clinical research. Besides the challenge to optimize iPS protocols to appropriate safety and GMP levels, procedures need to be developed to differentiate iPS ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Czepiel M,Balasubramaniyan V,Schaafsma W,Stancic M,Mikkers H,Huisman C,Boddeke E,Copray S

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypotonic challenge induces transient swelling in glial cells, which is typically followed by a regulatory volume decrease (RVD). In contrast, lactic acidosis (lactacidosis) induces persistent cell swelling in astrocytes without an accompanying RVD. In the present study, we studied the mechanisms by which lactacidosis...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nabekura T,Morishima S,Cover TL,Mori S,Kannan H,Komune S,Okada Y

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epilepsy is characterized by unpredictable recurrent seizures resulting from hypersynchronous discharges from neuron assemblies. Increasing evidence indicates that aberrant astrocyte signaling to neurons plays an important role in driving the network hyperexcitability. Purinergic signaling is central in neuron-glia an...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nikolic L,Nobili P,Shen W,Audinat E

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syndecan-1, -2, -3, and -4 are heparan sulfate proteoglycans that are differentially expressed during development and wound repair. To determine whether syndecans are also involved in brain injury, we examined the expression of syndecan core proteins genes in cryo-injured mouse brain, using in situ hybridization. All ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Iseki K,Hagino S,Mori T,Zhang Y,Yokoya S,Takaki H,Tase C,Murakawa M,Wanaka A

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much current knowledge of oligodendrocyte biology, the myelin-forming cells in the central nervous system, comes from cell culture studies mainly from postnatal rat tissue but mouse cells have been much more difficult to produce in large quantities. We have developed a high yield protocol for production of oligodendro...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Pedraza CE,Monk R,Lei J,Hao Q,Macklin WB

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperpolarizing responses in neuropil glial cells evoked by nerve root stimulation were studied in the central nervous system of the leech Hirudo medicinalis using intracellular recording and extracellular stimulation techniques. From a mean resting potential of -60.5 +/- 1.0, the glial membrane was hyperpolarized by ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schmidt J,Prinz P,Deitmer JW

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of microglia-conditioned medium (MCM) on the inducible Nrf2 system in astrocyte-rich cultures were investigated by determination of glutathione (GSH) levels, γglutamylcysteine ligase (γGCL) activity, the protein levels of Nrf2, Keap1, the modulatory subunit of γGCL (γGCL-M) and activated MAP kinases (ERK1/...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Correa F,Ljunggren E,Mallard C,Nilsson M,Weber SG,Sandberg M

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emerging evidence shows that hypothalamic astrocytes react to and counteract energy surfeit produced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. However, the functional role of astrocytes in the control of energy states and the underlying molecular mechanism(s) during physiological conditions remain largely underexplored. In the ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sweeney P,Qi Y,Xu Z,Yang Y

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is formed by the choroid plexuses (CPs), which are specialized structures located within the brain ventricles. They are composed of a vascularized stroma surrounded by a tight epithelium that controls molecular and cellular traffic between the blood and...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nataf S,Strazielle N,Hatterer E,Mouchiroud G,Belin MF,Ghersi-Egea JF

更新日期：2006-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes releasing glucose- and/or glycogen-derived lactate and glutamine play a crucial role in shaping neuronal function and plasticity. Little is known, however, how metabolic functions of astrocytes, e.g., their ability to degrade glucosyl units, are affected by the presence of neurons. To address this issue we ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Mamczur P,Borsuk B,Paszko J,Sas Z,Mozrzymas J,Wiśniewski JR,Gizak A,Rakus D

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether insulin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways protect retinal neurons against excitotoxicity and regulate the proliferation of Müller glia. We found that intraocular injections of insulin or FGF2 had variable effects u...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fischer AJ,Scott MA,Ritchey ER,Sherwood P

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regeneration in the adult central nervous system (CNS) is thought to be hampered by the lesion-induced activation of astrocytes and meningeal cells and the consecutive formation of a glial scar. The substrate properties of reactive astrocytes differ significantly from their neonatal counterparts, which promote axon gr...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hirsch S,Bähr M

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent research has focused on soluble oligomeric assemblies of beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta) as the proximate cause of neuroinflammation, synaptic loss, and the eventual dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, tripchlorolide (T4), an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F (TWHF), was stud...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Pan XD,Chen XC,Zhu YG,Chen LM,Zhang J,Huang TW,Ye QY,Huang HP

更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiate and mature into oligodendrocytes, which produce myelin in the central nervous system. Prior studies have shown that the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is necessary for proper myelination of the mouse spinal cord and that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) sign...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ornelas IM,Khandker L,Wahl SE,Hashimoto H,Macklin WB,Wood TL

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia survey the brain environment by sensing several types of diffusible molecules, among which extracellular nucleotides released/leaked from damaged cells have central roles. Microglia sense ATP or other nucleotides by multiple P2 receptors, after which they change into several different phenotypes. However, so...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Imura Y,Morizawa Y,Komatsu R,Shibata K,Shinozaki Y,Kasai H,Moriishi K,Moriyama Y,Koizumi S

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of axons is a major contributor to nonremitting deficits in the inflammatory demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS). Based on biophysical studies showing that activity of axonal sodium channels can trigger axonal degeneration, recent studies have tested sodium channel-blocking drugs in experimental autoimm...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Craner MJ,Damarjian TG,Liu S,Hains BC,Lo AC,Black JA,Newcombe J,Cuzner ML,Waxman SG

更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocytes were studied in the anterior medullary velum (AMV) of the rat using the monoclonal antibody Rip, an oligodendrocyte marker of unknown function. Confocal microscopic imaging of double immunofluorescent labelling with antibodies to Rip and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) revealed two biochemically and morp...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Butt AM,Ibrahim M,Ruge FM,Berry M

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00