Astrocyte-neuron crosstalk regulates the expression and subcellular localization of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes.

abstract：:Aging is a major risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by abnormal and prominent protein aggregation in the brain, partially due to deficiency in protein clearance. It has been proposed that alterations in microglia pha...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Rodriguez-Callejas JD,Fuchs E,Perez-Cruz C

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing evidence that chemokines, specialized regulators of the peripheral immune system, are also involved in the physiology and pathology of the CNS. It is known that glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) express various chemokine receptors like CCR1, -3, -5, and CXCR4. We have investigated the possible...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zuurman MW,Heeroma J,Brouwer N,Boddeke HW,Biber K

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular purines are signaling molecules in the neurogenic niches of the brain and spinal cord, where they activate cell surface purinoceptors at embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) and adult neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Although mRNA and protein are expressed at NSCs/NPCs for almost all subtypes of the nucleot...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tang Y,Illes P

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, sensory deficits, and visual problems. The pathological mechanism of SPMS remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of microglia, immune ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tanabe S,Saitoh S,Miyajima H,Itokazu T,Yamashita T

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endocannabinoid system exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by regulating cytokine production. Anandamide (AEA) down-regulates proinflammatory cytokines in a viral model of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, little is known about the mechanisms by which AEA exerts these effects. Microglial cells are the main sourc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Correa F,Hernangómez M,Mestre L,Loría F,Spagnolo A,Docagne F,Di Marzo V,Guaza C

更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The addition of isolated neurons to monolayers of cultured astrocytes induced a morphological change in the astrocytes that came into contact with the added neuronal cell bodies or neurites. The change, which included an increase in the complexity of cell shape, took at least 3 days to become detectable and was enhanc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Matsutani S,Yamamoto N

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The predominant glial cells of the drone retina (outer pigment cells) respond to an increase in extracellular [K+] (Ko) by a net uptake of K+; thus, they contribute to bringing Ko back toward its baseline value. The authors report herein that there is also a different mechanism by which light stimulation of the retina...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Coles JA,Schneider-Picard G

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory changes have been found in Parkinson's disease, in humans intoxicated with the parkinsonian toxin MPTP, and in animal models of the disease. However, it is still not known whether inflammatory changes are responsible for active nerve cell death or if they have a protective role against neurodegeneration. ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Barcia C,Sánchez Bahillo A,Fernández-Villalba E,Bautista V,Poza Y Poza M,Fernández-Barreiro A,Hirsch EC,Herrero MT

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The normal adult vertebrate nervous system is a relative quiescent tissue in terms of cell proliferation. However, astrocytes in many regions of the central nervous system (CNS) retain the capacity to undergo cell division. To examine the mechanisms that regulate the proliferation of astrocytes in the CNS we have util...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nakatsuji Y,Miller RH

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The receptors for the complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a are expressed by glial cells and neurons in normal and inflamed brain. Previous studies demonstrated modest elevations in mRNA expression of these receptors in a model of focal cerebral ischemia. Using a similar model system for both mice and rats, we report ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Barnum SR,Ames RS,Maycox PR,Hadingham SJ,Meakin J,Harrison D,Parsons AA

更新日期：2002-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We first classified 12 malignant glioma cell lines into three different groups (types 1-3) with respect to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and analyzed each group based on the different expression status of the class II transactivator (CIITA) gene. Glioma type 1 (2 of 12) showed constitutive...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Takamura Y,Ikeda H,Kanaseki T,Toyota M,Tokino T,Imai K,Houkin K,Sato N

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine able to evoke a wide array of cellular responses including proliferation, migration, and survival through activation of its receptor c-met. Various types of leukocytes have been described to express c-met suggesting that HGF/c-met signaling may directly influenc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Moransard M,Sawitzky M,Fontana A,Suter T

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is formed by the choroid plexuses (CPs), which are specialized structures located within the brain ventricles. They are composed of a vascularized stroma surrounded by a tight epithelium that controls molecular and cellular traffic between the blood and...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nataf S,Strazielle N,Hatterer E,Mouchiroud G,Belin MF,Ghersi-Egea JF

更新日期：2006-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared the effects of platelet-derived (PDGF) and basic fibroblast (bFGF) growth factors on the shape, migration, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, the precursors of myelin-forming cells in the CNS. In the presence of bFGF, oligodendrocyte progenitors purified from rat neonatal brain c...

journal_title：Glia

authors： McKinnon RD,Smith C,Behar T,Smith T,Dubois-Dalcq M

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goal of this study was to investigate the reaction of the Müller cells to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Elevated IOP is one of the risk factors in glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration. Müller cells play an important role in retinal homeostasis. The reaction of Müller cells was examined by e...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Woldemussie E,Wijono M,Ruiz G

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacological and biochemical data suggest that noradrenaline (NA)-containing fibers not only regulate the activity of cortical neurons but also influence the functional state of non-neuronal elements. In the present study, immunocytochemistry with an antiserum against NA, followed by silver-gold intensification of ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Paspalas CD,Papadopoulos GC

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in the physiological and pathophysiological functions of the brain. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling, especially Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is considered to be crucial for the regulation of astrocytic functions. Mice with genetic ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Okubo Y,Kanemaru K,Suzuki J,Kobayashi K,Hirose K,Iino M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome frequently accompanying liver cirrhosis and reflects the clinical manifestation of a low grade cerebral edema associated with cerebral oxidative/nitrosative stress. The multidrug resistance-associated protein (Mrp) 4 is an export pump which transports metaboli...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Jördens MS,Keitel V,Karababa A,Zemtsova I,Bronger H,Häussinger D,Görg B

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The X-linked mutation rumpshaker (rsh), which is probably an allele of jimpy (jp), causes hypomyelination in the CNS of mice. This study examines the developmental expression of the morphology, glial cells, and immunostaining of myelin proteins in the optic nerve and spinal cord. The optic nerve contains varying numbe...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fanarraga ML,Griffiths IR,McCulloch MC,Barrie JA,Kennedy PG,Brophy PJ

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is the main cause of neuronal damage in traumatic brain injury, hypoxia/reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative disorders. Although extracellular nucleosides, especially adenosine, are well known to protect against neuronal damage in such pathological conditions, the effects of these nucleosides or ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Shinozaki Y,Koizumi S,Ishida S,Sawada J,Ohno Y,Inoue K

更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To develop effective procedures for improving the regeneration of peripheral nerves and for preventing the formation of neurofibromas, it is necessary to identify the different mitogens that stimulate the proliferation of Schwann cells. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), which is a potent autocrine growth factor in...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schumacher M,Jung-Testas I,Robel P,Baulieu EE

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is known to interact with cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we report that, interestingly, it is a potent inductor of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the CNS of infected animals and in pure cultures of astrocytes. Maximal IL-6 gene transcription in glial cells, as ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Rubio N,Sierra A

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously shown that cultured astrocytes from neonatal rat cerebral cortex are depolarized by GABA. The underlying ionic mechanism, activation of a Cl- conductance and responses to an agonist and antagonists were found to be similar to those of the neuronal GABAA receptor (Kettenmann et al.: Brain Research 40...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Backus KH,Kettenmann H,Schachner M

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuronal doctrine, developed a century ago regards neuronal networks as the sole substrate of higher brain function. Recent advances in glial physiology have promoted an alternative hypothesis, which places information processing in the brain into integrated neuronal-glial networks utilizing both binary (neuronal ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nedergaard M,Verkhratsky A

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) plays crucial roles in myelination. It is highly expressed during transition of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to immature oligodendrocytes, but, after this stage, it must be down-regulated to allow generation of mature myelinating cells. After endocytosis, GPR17 is sorted i...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Meraviglia V,Ulivi AF,Boccazzi M,Valenza F,Fratangeli A,Passafaro M,Lecca D,Stagni F,Giacomini A,Bartesaghi R,Abbracchio MP,Ceruti S,Rosa P

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood macrophages and brain macrophages (microglia) have been implicated in demyelination and destruction of the oligodendrocyte in multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease affecting primarily white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we demonstrate that at high effector to target cell ratios, normal ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Merrill JE,Zimmerman RP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelination is an evolutionary recent differentiation program that has been independently acquired in vertebrates by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Therefore, it is not surprising that regulating transcription factors differ substantially between both...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sock E,Wegner M

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a Ca2+ binding peptide expressed predominantly by activated monocytes. In order to investigate the role of AIF-1 in autoimmune lesions of the rat nervous system, we have used a synthetic gene to express AIF-1 in E. coli and have produced monoclonal antibodies against AIF-1. A...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schluesener HJ,Seid K,Kretzschmar J,Meyermann R

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe transient focal cerebral ischemia causes brain infarction with a strong glial reaction. We have studied whether postischemic reactive glial cells express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. We have also looked for signs of proliferating activity, as EGF...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Planas AM,Justicia C,Soriano MA,Ferrer I

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are intrinsic immune cells in the brain. In response to neurodegenerative events, excessively activated microglia change their shapes and release various cytokines leading to the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) disease. Because the intracellular mechanisms of this process are still unclear, we h...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Konno M,Shirakawa H,Iida S,Sakimoto S,Matsutani I,Miyake T,Kageyama K,Nakagawa T,Shibasaki K,Kaneko S

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00